| 释义 |
‖ hamza, n. Phonetics.|ˈhamzə|
Also 9 humza, hemza, 9– hamzah.
[Arab. hamza, less commonly hamz, compression (of the glottis), f. hamaza to pinch, compress. The hamza represents the sound orig. denoted by the letter alif.]
In the Arabic script, an orthographic sign representing an unvoiced glottal occlusive (and functioning in Arabic as a consonant); also, the sound so represented.
Hamza is transliterated {hamza} internally and at the end of a word, but Arabists ignore it in initial position (unless there are special reasons for inclusion, as to clarify scansion).
1813M. Lumsden Gram. Arabic Lang. i. i. 16 The letter..which appears at the head of the alphabet, is more properly known by the name of..hum-za. 1862W. Wright tr. Caspari's Gram. Arabic Lang. I. i. iii. 15 The effect of the hèmza is most sensible to a European ear at the commencement of a syllable in the middle of a word, preceded by a shut syllable. 1925W. H. T. Gairdner Phonetics Arabic iv. 30 The sound ˀ is known to the Arabs as hamza..because of the ‘hiatus’ made by the closing of the vocal chords and the stopping of voice and breath. 1955C. F. Hockett Man. Phonol. i. 27 This is variously called a glottal catch, a glottal stop, an aleph or a hamzah. 1986Pullum & Ladusaw Phonetic Symbol Guide 189 Firth uses 〈ˀ〉 for the glottal stop in English dialects..but uses 〈ʕ〉 for the glottal stop in Arabic (the hamza). |