| 释义 |
▪ I. unˈfriendly, a.
[un-1 7. Cf. WFris. on-, ûnfrjeonlik, MDu. onvriendelijc (Du. -lijk), MHG. unvriuntlîch (G. unfreundlich).]
1. Not characteristic of a friend or friends; exhibiting dislike or hostility.
1425Rolls of Parlt. IV. 274/1 Þis delaye, of which were like to growe unease and unfrendely love betwene me and my said Cousyn. a1513Fabyan Chron. (1516) vii. 134/1 They mette with vnfrendely countenaunce, &..departyd with lytle loue or charyte. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 229 The French kyng..knewe by his espials..the vnfrendly departyng of the Duke of Burgoyn. 1663Bp. Patrick Parab. Pilgr. xxxvii, Nor have you given me cause to be less your Friend than heretofore; unless it be by this unfriendly jealousie. 1757Foote Author ii, It was, d'ye see, a very unfriendly thing to make love to Becky in my absence. 1837De Quincey Lake Poets, Coleridge, Discoverers who would make a more unfriendly use of the discovery. 1898Westm. Gaz. 21 Jan. 2/2 We are very much afraid that this would be looked upon by other countries as an ‘unfriendly act’.
2. Not having the qualities or disposition of a friend; esp. unfavourably disposed, inimical, hostile.
1483Cath. Angl. 142/2 Vn Frendly, inhumanus, inimicus. 1553R. Ascham Germany Wks. (1904) 127, I am not so vnaduised..nor you so vnfrendly to looke for so much from me. 1579Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 58 To his very unfrendly frende that procurid y⊇ edition of his slender and extemporall devises. a1616Beaum. & Fl. Wit at Sev. Weapons v. i, Sure some unfriendly Messenger Is imploy'd betwixt you. 1629in Foster Eng. Factories India (1909) III. 358 Our unfriendlie neighbours the Dutch. 1794S. Williams Vermont 170 The Indians became unfriendly. 1836Thirlwall Greece III. 379 They put forward some of their partizans, who were not so notoriously unfriendly to him. 1884Church Bacon 18 His unsympathetic and suspicious, but probably not unfriendly relative.
3. Not propitious or favourable (for or to).
1513Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge ii. 1047 By fortune vnfrendly..Both horse and man fell to grounde sodendly. 1608Shakes. Per. iii. i. 58 No light, no fire; the unfriendly elements Forgot thee utterly. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 41 The Wind that blows from thence..is always unfriendly to Vegetation. 1784Phil. Trans. LXXIV. 468 It must be supposed to have arisen from some unfriendly mixture in the tin, probably from Arsenic. 1805Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 406 It frequently happens that..a coarse, unfriendly, stiff soil, is brought up. 1815Jane Austen Emma xvi, The atmosphere in that unsettled state..which is..the most unfriendly for exercise. 1845Whately in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) I. 225/1 Qualities unfriendly to each other are rarely combined.
Add:[A.] [3.] b. orig. Computing. Not user-friendly. Also transf., esp. with qualifying advb.: destructive or harmful to the environment, etc. Cf. *friendly a. 5 c, d.
1978Forbes (N.Y.) 24 July 60/1 The difference between a computer and a calculator..is that the former is unfriendly and the latter is friendly. 1982Computerworld 8 Mar. 11/4 For many users, the software of the near future will have to be very different and infinitely simpler to execute than today's ‘unfriendly’ IMS-like subsystems. 1989Boston Globe 23 Jan. 30/5 Chemical reactions take place..transforming..‘friendly’ non-destructive chlorine and bromine into an ‘unfriendly’ radical form that destroys ozone. 1990Economist 21 Apr. 84 Special teams should begin the operation by the end of April, using 30 tonnes of environmentally unfriendly dynamite.
c. With defining word: not designed with the needs of (the user, etc.) in mind; harmful or detrimental to. orig. Computing.
1983[see user-unfriendly adj. s.v. user n.1 5]. 1986Hawaii Business Jan. i. 30/2 They and their staffs made the rules and the decisions that led the state into more and more complex laws, most of them business-unfriendly. 1988Green Line Oct. 5/3 A useful document for anyone campaigning on the ozone issue or wishing to avoid ozone-unfriendly packaging. 1990Blitz Oct. 69 ‘Take Me Back’ by Nottingham's Rhythmatic..was a bleeping classic with its deranged coda and speaker-unfriendly bass.
B. n. A person or thing that is unfriendly, harmful, or hostile; a member of the opposition, an enemy. colloq. (chiefly U.S.).
1973E. Arnold Proving Ground iv. 56 A couple of unfriendlies turned up and I had to scoot off... It was absolutely no fun sitting in an unarmed airplane while people who didn't like you took pot shots at you. 1982‘S. F. X. Dean’ Such Pretty Toys (1983) x. 146 The old model [missiles] you can buy... Makes a big difference if the friendlies or the unfriendlies get 'em. 1987Observer 23 Aug. 29/1 Last month, Klesch was all set to launch an ‘unfriendly’, when Gunn revealed his..recommended deal. 1990Charlotte (N. Carolina) Observer 2 Jan. a5/4 We violated the sovereign nation's borders with our troops; shot and killed ‘unfriendlies’ as well as that nation's civilians.
▪ II. unˈfriendly, adv. Now rare.
[un-1 11.]
In an unfriendly manner.
a900Genesis 2689 Þu us leanast nu, unfreondlice fremena þancast. 1483Cath. Angl. 142/2 Vn Frendly,..inhumane, inhumaniter. 1548Elyot, Insequor,..to speake vnfrendly agaynst one. 1553[see unfriendfully]. 1570G. Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 3, I delaied thus unfrendly. 1722Wollaston Relig. Nat. vi. §15 To covet to obtain what is another man's by just means, and with his consent,..has nothing surely that looks unfriendly upon truth, or is blameable, in it. 1757W. Thompson R.N. Advoc. 46 [This] I leave to be determined by the..Wisdom of the Contracting Coopers that undermine one another unfriendly. |