| 释义 |
▪ I. † hade, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.|heɪd|
[Derivation unknown.]
A strip of land left unploughed as a boundary line and means of access between two ploughed portions of a field; also, according to some recent writers, a small piece of greensward left at the head or end of arable land upon which the plough turns.
(But the latter sense is perhaps a mistake arising from the identification of hade with head.)
1523Fitzherb. Husb. §6 The horses may be teddered or tyed vpon leys, balkes, or hades, where as oxen maye not be kept. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. xiii. 222 And on the lower Leas, as on the higher Hades, The daintie Clouer growes. 1615Map (C.C.C. Oxon.), The description of certeine arable landes some of them havinge hades of meadow and grasse grounde lieinge in the Southe fielde of Einsham. 1649W. Blithe Eng. Improv. 13 Where great Balkes betwixt Lands, Hades, Meares, or Divisions betwixt Land and Land are left. 1848A. B. Evans Leicestersh. Words, etc., Hades..Headlands, or part of a field not ploughed.
b. Comb. hade-way, a hade which serves as a way or road between portions of arable land.
1649W. Blithe Eng. Improv. Impr. (1652) 80 All your Common Fields were never under Tillage neither, As great part Slades and Hade wayes, and a great part Meadow.
▪ II. hade, n.2 Mining and Geol.|heɪd|
[Goes with hade v.2, from which it is app. derived as n. of action.]
The inclination of a mineral vein or fault from the vertical; the complement of the dip. Also called underlay or underlie.
1789Mills in Phil. Trans. LXXX. 94 The principal vein..has a slight hade to the north-eastward. 1795Ibid. LXXXVI. 40 The yellow argillaceous shistus is again seen with its former hade and range. 1811Pinkerton Petral. II. 578 The hade, slope, or inclination of the vein is chiefly estimated by miners from the lower side. 1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms Northumb. & Durh. 29 Hade, the slope or inclination of the leader of a slip-dyke. 1851Tapping Derbysh. Lead-mining Terms (E.D.S.), Hade, a slope..It also signifies a vein that is not perpendicular, but sloping.
b. Comb., as hade-slope.
1874J. H. Collins Metal Mining Gloss., Hade, hadeslope, the underlie, or inclination of a lode.
▪ III. † hade, hode, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 1 hádian, 2 hadien, 2–4 hodien.
[OE. hádian, f. hád, had holy orders.]
trans. To ordain.
c900tr. Bæda's Hist. ii. vii[i]. (1890) 118 Þæt he biscopas hadian moste. 975O.E. Chron. an. 931 Her mon hadode Byrnstan bisceop to Wintan ceastre. c1200Ormin 10881 Hadedd Till bisscopp orr till unnderrpreost. c1275Lay. 21856 Alle þat hoded were, bissopes and canounes. 1340Ayenb. 235 Of clerkes y-hoded.
Hence haded ppl. a.; also absol., one in holy orders; hading vbl. n., ordination.
c1000Inst. Polity in Thorpe Anc. Laws (1840) II. 316 æt hadunge. a1100O.E. Chron. an. 1014 Ealle ᵹe hadode ᵹe læwede. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 31 For ne doð hit none swo ofte se þe hodede. c1200Ormin 13255 Att hadedd manness hande. Ibid. 15967 Whatt mann sitt iss þatt takeþþ her Forr hadinng aniȝ mede.
▪ IV. hade, v.2 Mining and Geol.|heɪd|
[Etymology uncertain; possibly a dialectal form of head, retaining the older pronunciation of that word: cf. tread, trade.]
intr. To incline or slope from the vertical, as a shaft, or a vein or fault.
1681Houghton Compl. Miner Gloss. (E.D.S.) s.v., Where any shaft or turn goes descending like the side of a house, or like the descent of a steep hill, it is said to hade. 1795Mills in Phil. Trans. LXXXVI. 40 Which is afterwards seen..running ENE and WSW, and hading NNW. 1822G. Young Geol. Surv. Yorks. Coast (1828) 177 The dyke, in traversing these hills, hades, or inclines, to the same quarter. 1882Geikie Text.-bk Geol. iv. vi. 525 Faults hade in the direction of downthrow, in other words, they slope away from the side which has risen.
Hence hading vbl. n. = hade n.2; also attrib.
1747Hooson Miner's Dict. K ij, The side on which the Plim Line will fall is called the Hadeing-side; and according to the Hadeing of this the other flys off, and that we call the Hanging-side. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts II. 778 Hadings signify that some parts of the veins incline.
▪ V. hade
var. of had, Obs. |