| 释义 |
Guelph|gwɛlf|
Also 6–9 Guelf.
[ad. It. Guelfo, med.L. Guelphus, ad. MHG. Welf, the name of the founder and of several successive chiefs of the princely family (hence commonly known in history as the Guelphs) which is represented in modern times by the ducal house of Brunswick and the present dynasty of Great Britain. The name Welf is said to have been used as a war-cry at the battle of Weinsberg in 1140 by the partisans of Henry the Lion, duke of Bavaria, who belonged to this family, and fought against the Emperor Conrad III; hence it is believed to have been adopted in Italy as a name for the adversaries of the Hohenstauffen emperors, and later for the anti-imperialist party in Italian politics. Cf. Ghibelline.]
A member of one of the two great parties in mediæval Italian politics, characterized chiefly by supporting the popes against the emperors. (Cf. Ghibelline.)
1579E. K. Gloss. Spenser's Sheph. Cal. June 25 All Italy was distraict into the Factions of the Guelfes and Gibelins. a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Prophecy Wks. (1711) 181 Thence arose the Guelfs and Gibellines, Imperialists against papists, and the universal war turned in a thousand petit wars and deadly fewds. 1711Addison Spect. No. 125 ⁋7 Italy was long torn in Pieces by the Guelfes and Gibellines. 1841W. Spalding Italy & It. Isl. II. 172 A sedition of the Ghibellines, which gave the ruling Guelfs a reason or pretence for banishing the heads of the defeated faction. 1855Motley Corr. (1889) I. vi. 184 The Church party, the Guelphs, were in reality a phalanx of intellectual opposition to imperial and brutal dominion.
attrib.1847Ld. Lindsay Chr. Art I. p. ccxii, Sympathy with the Guelph or classic element.
Hence † ˈGuelphian a. and n. = Guelphic, Guelph; ˈGuelphish a. = Guelphic; ˈGuelphism, the politics of the Guelphs; adherence to the party of the Guelphs.
1641R. Brooke Eng. Episc. ii. vi. 89 Betweene 1215 and 1294 was that great Faction betweene the Guelfians and Gibelines. 1651Howell Surv. Venice 28 The Cittie being heated with indignation by the persuasions of som Guelphian Agents. 1660Burney κέρδ. Δῶρον (1661) 133 There is none of your Garagantes will terrifie a King, nor the Guelphish faction. 1851Gallenga Italy i. 4 It never originated anything, save only disorganising Guelphism. Ibid. 31 Gioberti..whose prophecies about the plenitude of the times, to be brought about by an Italian league, or Guelphish bond [etc.]. |