| 释义 |
▪ I. gripe, n.1|graɪp|
[f. gripe v.1 (The early examples may belong to grip n.1)]
1. a. The action of griping, clutching, grasping or seizing tenaciously, esp. with the hands, arms, claws, and the like. to come to gripes: to come to close quarters with (cf. grip n.1 1 c).
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xx. 146 Al that the fyngres and the fust felen and touchen, Beo he greued with here gripe the holy gost let falle. c1400Destr. Troy 3761 Grete armys in the gripe, growen full rounde. 1583Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 71 When I thee third tyme with grype more fiercelye [L. maiore nisu] dyd offer. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iv. vi. 22 He..raught me his hand, And with a feeble gripe, sayes [etc.]. 1613Heywood Silver Age iii. i. Wks. 1874 III. 130 He chokes him with his gripes. 1644Milton Educ. Wks. 1738 I. 139 All the Locks and Gripes of Wrestling. 1647W. Browne tr. Gomberville's Polexander iii. ii. 62 Bellerophon could not avoid the coming to gripes with the Monster. 1672Dryden Marr. à la Mode iii. i. Wks. 1883 IV. 306 Like a weak dove under the falcon's gripe. 1718Prior Power 442 The bear's rough gripe. 1762Falconer Shipwr. ii. 355 The ropes, alas! a solid gripe deny. 1815Elphinstone Acc. Cabul (1842) I. 371 He..seized me by the arms with a rude gripe, and pressed me..to his breast. 1828Scott F.M. Perth iv, Rescue me from the gripe of this iron-fisted..clown. 1841–4Emerson Ess., History Wks. (Bohn) I. 13 Antæus was suffocated by the gripe of Hercules.
transf.1842Browning Pied Piper vii, I heard a sound as of..putting apples..Into a cider-press's gripe.
b. fig. Grasp, hold, control, grip. † Formerly common in pl.
1387–8T. Usk Test. Love ii. xi. (Skeat) l. 70 Vertue with ful gripe encloseth al these things. 1592Dee Comp. Rehears. (Chetham Soc.) 35 Under the thraldome of the usurer's gripes. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, v. iii. 100, I take my cause Out of the gripes of cruell men. 1651–3Jer. Taylor Serm. for Year (1678) 225 To oppress his Tenants, and all that are within his gripe. 1735Somerville Chase i. 111 The Gripe severe Of brazen-fisted Time. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 80 ⁋6 When we have..felt the gripe of the frost. 1780Burke Sp. Bristol prev. Election Wks. III. 368 As things wrung from you with your blood, by the cruel gripe of a rigid necessity. 1838Lytton Leila iv. iii, Not only did more than five hundred Jews perish in the dark and secret gripe of the grand inquisitor, but [etc.]. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 64 Russia..has Bokhara within her gripe.
†c. Phr. (in fig. context). to lay, fasten a gripe on, upon: to stretch forth a griping hand upon. to get a gripe of: to secure a hold of. Obs.
a1586Sidney Arcadia v. (1598) 435 The Latines..hauing..long gaped to deuoure Greece..were euen ready to lay an vniust gripe vpon it. 1583A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. 59 Be hop it [sc. the soul] gettis ane neirer gripe of ye guidnes of God. 1623Massinger Bondman i. i. (1624) B 2 Ambitious Carthage, That to enlarge her Empire striues to fasten An vniust gripe on vs (that liue free Lords Of Syracusa). 1633― Guardian ii. (1655) 32 May we not have a touch at Lawyers? Claud. By no means; they may To soon have a gripe at us. a1639Wotton in Reliq. (1651) 488 You have left in him illos aculeos which you doe in all that (after the Scotish phrase) get but a gripe of you.
d. Surg. An act of compressing (e.g. an artery) with the fingers (cf. gripe v. 3 b, griper 1). cutting on the gripe: a mode of operating for the stone in which it is seized and held by the finger.
1676Wiseman Surg. vi. ii. 452 In stead of the Ligature..they make a gripe, which gripe is commonly made by some Assistent who hath strength to do it. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. II. H iv/2 This Way is called Apparatus minor,..this we in England call Cutting upon the Gripe, and is the Method our Suters always cut by. 1739S. Sharp Surg. xviii. 84 The most antient way of cutting for the Stone is that describ'd by Celsus, and known by the name of Cutting on the Gripe. 1886in Syd. Soc. Lex.
e. Mil. at the gripe (see quot.).
1833Regul. Instr. Cavalry i. 95 Raise the carbine with the right hand..and seize it with the left at the ‘Gripe’ (that is, with the full hand round the barrel and stock).
† f. The kind of sensation produced by an object when grasped. (Cf. feel n. 5.) Obs.
1632Lithgow Trav. x. 495 The Calabrian silke, had never a better luster, and softer gripe, then [etc.].
2. transf. and fig. (cf. 1 b).
a. The ‘clutch’ or ‘pinch’ of something painful. Formerly often in pl.: Spasms of pain, pangs of grief or affliction. Now rare or Obs.
a1547Surrey æneid ii. 288 New gripes of dred then pearse our trembling brestes. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. xxx. 6 Gripes of griefe and pangues full sore. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 156 More violently tortured with inward convulsions, and evill gripes, then by outward disease. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 264 Heart-strook with chilling gripe of sorrow. a1716South Serm. (1717) VI. 235 The secret Girds, and Gripes of a dissatisfied..Conscience! 1725Pope Odyss. xviii. 150 The gripes of poverty, and stings of care. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 163 ⁋3 The gripe of distress. 1840Thirlwall Greece VII. lvi. 200 The sharpest gripe of cold and hunger.
b. An intermittent spasmodic pain in the bowels. Usually pl., colic pains.
1601Holland Pliny II. 331 If gripes come thick, they prescribe the ashes of Harts horn. 1611Cotgr., Trenchaison, a gripe or a wring, as of the Chollicke, &c. 1688Luttrell Diary (1857) I. 443 The young prince hath been troubled with the gripes and had some fits. 1753J. Bartlet Gentl. Farriery xiii. 121 The cholic or gripes in horses. 1766[Anstey] Bath Guide iv. 2 My Time has been wretchedly spent With a Gripe or a Hickup wherever I went. 1806–7J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life (1826) xx. 250 Poor Margery's tripes Are the martyrs of gripes. 1812Combe Picturesque xxvi. 386 Swift has said..That he who daily smokes two pipes, The tooth-ache never has—nor gripes. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 444 Excess of green food, sudden exposure to cold, are..occasional causes of gripes.
†3. The hand held in the position for grasping or clutching. Obs.
1555Philpot In Coverdale Lett. Mart. (1564) 227 They went forth and wepte, sayth the Prophet: such shall come agayne hauing their gripes full of gladnes. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 939/1 God with a sparing hand reacheth out those things to the faithfull, which with full gripes he..powreth into the laps..of..epicures. 1644Bulwer Chiron. 102 The Fingers formed into a gripe or scratching posture. 1791Cowper Odyss. xvii. 4 He seized his sturdy spear match'd to his gripe.
4. a. As much as can be grasped in the hand; a handful; also applied to other quantities (see quots.). local. (Cf. grip n.1 4.)
1570Levins Manip. 141/40 Y⊇ Gripe of a hand, pugnus, manipulus. 1573–80Baret Alv. G. 559 A Gripe of corne in reaping, or so much hay or corne, as one with a pitchforke or hooke can take vp at a time. 1641J. Trappe Theol. Theol. Ep. Ded., He once accepted..a gripe of goates-haire for an Oblation. 1656W. D. tr. Comenius' Gate Lat. Unl. §335. 93 When it [corn] is shorn place it in gripes, and with rakes gather the gripes into sheavs. 1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 1124 We'l grasp all shortly in one gripe; In unum quasi manipulum contrahemus. a1722Lisle Husb. (1757) 405 Gripe, Armfull. 1794–1813Davis Agric. Wilts 265 Reaping, done with a short crooked hook in handfuls, or gripes; laid down in gripe, when laid down in handfuls untied.
†b. A cluster (of grapes). Obs.
a1400–50Alexander 1347 A growen grape of a grype [Dublin MS. grope of a gripe] a grette & a rype.
5. Something which is griped or grasped.
†a. A lute stop (obs.).
b. The handle of an implement; the hilt of a sword; = grip n.1 6.
1610R. Douland Var. Lute-lessons B j b, By reason of many Gripes or stops (as you call them). 1748F. Smith Voy. Disc. I. 28 Their Paddle being double bladed, or two Paddles the Gripes or Handles sewed together, and the Blades one at each Extreme. 1775Wraxall Tour North. Europe 332 Round the gripe [of a sword] is a bandage of straps of leather crossed. 1793W. Hodges Trav. India 3 The gripe of the sabre is too small for most European hands. 1846H. Torrens Mil. Lit. & Hist. I. 95 The lance was of a different description to ours, the staff of it resembling two elongated cones joined at their bases, at which point was the gripe.
6. slang.
†a. (See quots. 1592, 1608). Obs.
†b. A covetous person, a miser, a usurer. Also Gripes (as quasi-proper name). (? Sometimes with allusion to gripe n.3) Obs.
1592Greene Art Conny Catch. ii. 7 Certaine old sokers, which are lookers on, and listen for bets..are called Gripes. 1608Dekker Belman Lond. (ed. 2) F 3 He that Betteth is the Gripe. He that is cozened is the Vincent. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. iii. iv. ii. i. (1651) 691 Professed Usurers, meer Gripes. 1694Echard Plautus Pref. a iij, Dos't think, Boy, we shall be able to squeeze out a swinging sum of Money of this old Gripes, to purchase our Freedom with? a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Gripe,..an old Covetous Wretch: also a Banker, Money Scrivener, or Usurer.
c. A complaint; a grumble. slang (orig. U.S.).
1934J. Farrell Studs Lonigan (1936) iii. xv. 341 The water was just right..and he took rhythmic strokes... It was like losing all the gripes that had been piling up within him. 1949Harper's Jan. 61/1, I want to clear my desk of various matters, mostly gripes. 1954Chem. & Engin. News 8 Mar., As a standard bearer in the cause of accurate nomenclature, you may be interested in one of my pet gripes. 1959J. Thurber Years with Ross v. 76 Ingersoll was the main target of his gripes. 1964S. M. Miller in I. L. Horowitz New Sociol. 306 The ‘gripes’ of low-income neighborhood.. are political issues.
7. Something which gripes or clutches.
a. † A claw (obs.); pl. pincers (dial.).
†b. A device to secure a portcullis (obs.).
c. = brake n.7
a.1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxxi. 413 Fashioned like gripes, or clawes, almost lyke the clawes of Wolfe. 1598Florio, Grifagno, any bird that is rauenous, or that hath clawes or gripes. Grifo, Griffo, a griffon, a gripe, a clawe, a pounce. 1869Lonsdale Gloss., Gripes, a pair of wooden pincers with long handles for weeding corn.
b.1587Harrison England ii. ii. (1877) i. 45 One Roger builded the Castell of the Vies in the time of Henrie the first, taken in those daies for the strongest hold in England, as vnto whose gate there were regals and gripes for six or seven port cullises.
c.1792Trans. Soc. Arts X. 233 The gripe, or brake..and its lever. 1803Ibid. XXI. 357 Preventing accidents to horses and carriages in going down hills by a gripe or clasp acting on the naves of the wheels. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 140 The brake or gripe used in common windmills to stop their motion. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Gripe,..a brake applied to the wheel of a crane or derrick.
8. Naut. (See also gripe n.5) pl. Lashings formed by an assemblage of ropes, etc., to secure a boat in its place on the deck; also, two broad bands passed respectively round the stem and stern of a boat hung in davits, to prevent swinging.
1762Falconer Shipwr. ii. 102 The boats..are..with fastening gripes secured. 1832Marryat N. Forster xxii, Some of the..men jumped into quarter-boats, and [cast] off the gripes and lashings. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 7 Pass the gripes, and see the falls clear for lowering. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. s.v., Gripes for a quarter boat.
9. attrib., as (sense 2 b) gripe mixture, gripe water.
1728E. Smith Compleat Housewife (ed. 2) 231 To make Gripe-water. Take..Penny royal,..Coriander-seeds, Aniseeds, sweet Fennel-seeds, Carraway-seeds; bruise them all, and..sprinkle on them a quart of Brandy..distil it off..drink it warm, and go to bed. 1891Star 10 Dec. 2/7 A horse medicine known as gripe mixture. 1926Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 3 July 4/6 (Advt.), The baby screamed day and night, having been slightly poisoned. I tried Woodward's Gripe Water when all else failed. 1953E. Taylor Sleeping Beauty xiii. 198 The difficulties of obtaining the right brands of gripe-water, groats, or rusks.
▪ II. gripe, n.2|graɪp|
Dialectal variant of grip n.2
1674Ray N.C. Words 22 A Grip or Gripe: a little ditch or trench... This word is of general use all over England. 1796Ned Evans I. 258 The hovel in which they were born was built in a ditch, the gripe of which formed two sides of it. 1839Ann. Reg. 3 He saw a man at the other side of the hedge in the gripe. 1842S. Lover Handy Andy iii, It's a wide gripe, and the hedge is as thick as a wall.
▪ III. † gripe, n.3 Obs.
Forms: 3–4 grip, gryp, (4 gryyp, 5 grypp, 6 grippe), 4–7 grype, 4–8 gripe.
[ad. L. grȳp-em, grȳph-em, grȳps griffin, in med.L. used also for ‘vulture’. Cf. OF. grip griffin, and ON. grip-r (Sw. grip, Da. grib) vulture; also OHG. grîf, grîfo (MHG. grîf, grîfe, mod.G. greif):—early Ger. *grîpo-z, *grîpon-, prob. from the Lat. See also gryph and grape n.3]
1. A griffin.
(In early instances perh. not clearly distinguished from sense 2.)
c1205Lay. 28062 Þer ich isah gripes & grisliche fuȝeles. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 231/432 Þare cam a gryp fleoinde, after heom in þe se..and fondede heom to sle. 13..K. Alis. 5667 Addres with foure hedes and dragouns, Gripes, tygres, and lyouns. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. lvi. (1495) 814 The grype is stronge enmye to horses and he takyth vp the horse and the man armyd, and grypes kepe the mountayns in the whiche ben gemmis and precious stones. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 396 b/2 A grete grype..assayled them & was lyke to haue destroyed them. 1559W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 191 There are diverse straunge beastes bred in Asia, as Vnicornes,..Mercattes, Grippes. 1592Lyly Galathea ii. iii, Grypes make their nests of gold though their coates are feathers.
b. A figure or representation of a griffin.
1420E.E. Wills (1882) 46 Also 1 bord mausure..wyth a prent in þe myddylle, and a grypp amyde. a1650Sr. Lambewell 105 in Furnivall Percy Folio I. 148 Vpon the topp a gripe stood, of shining gold.
2. A vulture.
a1250XI Pains of Hell 148 in O.E. Misc. (1872) 151 Gripes freteþ heore Mawen. a1300Havelok 572 Þat him ne hauede grip or ern..þat wolde him dere. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) III. 57, vij gripes apperede firste to Remus. c1440Promp. Parv. 212/2 Grype, byrde, vultur. 1520Caxton's Chron. Eng. iii. 20/1 His faders deed bodye..he devyded to an hondred grypes lest he sholde ryde from dethe to lyfe. 1561Norton & Sackv. Gorboduc ii. i. (Shaks. Soc.) 114 The hellish Prince adjudge my dampned Ghoste to Tantalus thirste..or cruell gripe to gnawe my growing harte. 1593Shakes. Lucr. 543 Like a white hind under the gripe's sharp claws. 1609Bible (Douay) Deut. xiv. 12 The uncleane eate not: to witte, the eagle, the grype, and the osprey. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. ii. 67/1 The Gripe no more on Titius guts should feed. 1672J. Josselyn New Eng. Rarities 10 The Gripe, which is of two kinds, the one with a white Head, the other with a black Head, this we take for the Vulture. a1767Sir Aldingar xix. in Child Ballads (1885) II. 45/1, I dreamed a grype and a grimlie beast Had carryed my crowne away.
3. Comb., as gripe-foot, the foot of a vessel made in the form of a griffin's claw; gripe-shell = gripe's egg.
1451Will of Kelyngholm (Somerset Ho.), Vnum maser wiþ gripe fete. 15..Inv. Fountains Abb. in Burton Monast. Ebor. (1758) 144 A grype-schill, with a covering, gilt.
▪ IV. † gripe, n.4 Obs.
Also grype.
[ad. obs. F. grip a pirate ship (Diez), It. grippo ‘a little skiffe, or cock-boate’ (Florio), perh. to be referred to F. gripper to seize (cf. Cotgr. s.v. Grip).]
A vessel used in the Levant.
1506Sir R. Guylforde Pilgr. (Camden) 76, iiij of vs Englyshe men..hyred vs a lytell grype, whiche we thoughte shulde have passed more redely with vs than the grete galye. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 204 A vessell called a Gripe, and in her, 111. C. men. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. 75 He brought fifteene vessels called Gripes, laden with wine.
▪ V. gripe, n.5 Naut.|graɪp|
Also 6 greepe.
[Orig. greepe, ad. Du. greep, but afterwards assimilated to gripe n.1]
The piece of timber terminating the keel at the forward extremity; sometimes taken as = forefoot 2.
1580H. Smith in Hakluyt Voy. (1599) I. 449 This day by misfortune a piece of ice stroke of our greepe afore at two aforenoone. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 120 The false Stemm, Gripe, Keel, Stern-post, and Dead-rising. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Gripe,..in Sea-Affairs, the Compass or Sharpness of a Ship's Stem under Water, especially towards the bottom of the Stem. 1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 62 A But left for the Gripe to join to. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) U 2 b, The gripe or fore-foot which unites the keel with the stem. 1830Hedderwick Nav. Arch. 113, Gripe, the under part of the stem and cut-water. 1882Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 2 Gripe, a projection forward at the lowest part of the stem; by exposing a larger surface it prevents the foremost part of the ship, when sailing with the wind on the side, from being driven sideways away from the wind.
▪ VI. gripe, v.1|graɪp|
Forms: 1 grípan, 3–4 gripen, 4–7 grype, (6 greep), 4– gripe. pa. tense 1 gráp, pl. gripon, 3 grap, grop, græp, pl. gripen, grippen, 3–4 grep(e, pl. grepen, 4– griped, (6 Sc. -it). pa. pple. 1 ᵹegripen, 2–4 gripen, 4 igripen, grypen, 4– griped.
[A Com. Teut. str. verb: OE. grípan = OS. grîpan (MLG., MDu. grîpen, Du. grijpen), OHG. grîfan (MHG. grîfen, Ger. greifen), ON. gripa (Sw. gripa, Da. gribe), Goth. greipan:—pre-Teut. *ghreib-: ghroib-, found in Lith. grë́bti to seize, graibýti to grope. (See grope v.) The wk. conjugation came in in the 14th c., and the str. forms became obsolete before the 15th c.]
†1.
a. intr. To make a grasp or clutch, to seek to get a hold (lit. and fig.): in OE. const. dat. (sometimes accompanied by locative advb. phr.) or gen., later with to (Sc. til), towards, for, at, upon; to grasp at; to seize upon. Obs.
Beowulf 1501 Grap þa toᵹeanes, guðrinc ᵹefeng atolan clommum. 971Blickl. Hom. 211 Þa fynd..heora gripende wæron, swa swa grædiᵹ wulf. a1000Cædmon's Gen. 2063 (Gr.) Gripon unfæᵹre under sceat werum scearpe garas. a1250Prov. Alfred 192 in O.E. Misc. (1872) 114 Þanne schulle vre ifon to vre vouh gripen. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 89 He gripeþ þer-for as grete as for þe grete treuthe. c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode i. v. (1869) 3 He gripede faste to þe knottes. c1592Marlowe Massacre Paris iii. iii. 1080 Upon whose heart may all the Furies gripe. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. ii. 152 How greidilie men gripis til it, quhen anes it is offirit. 1608Shakes. Per. i. i. 49 [They] Gripe not at earthly ioyes as earst they did. 1615Rowlands Melancholie Knt. 40 All gripe to get their owne. 1637Gillespie Eng. Pop. Cerem. i. ix. 34 That which they gripe to in this Epistle, is, that Calvine..saith, hoc tamen testatum esse volo. 1657Cromwell Sp. 20 Apr. in Carlyle, I meant to gripe at the Government. 1727J. Willison Afflicted Man's Comp. ii. (1850) 77 Faith gripes to the great Gospel promise of Salvation. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xxxiv, Their desperate hand Griped to the dagger. 1820― Ivanhoe v, His quivering fingers griped towards the handle of his sword.
†b. to gripe with: to grapple with, come to close quarters with. Obs.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 202 Who so synneth in seynt spirit, it semeth that he greueth God, that he grypeth with [1393 ther he gripeth], and wolde his grace quenche. 1631R. H. Arraignm. Whole Creature xiii. §1. 168 We will come (as in a Land, or Sea-fight) to grapple and gripe, with Vanities.
†c. Used for grope. Obs.
a1598Rollock Serm. Wks. 1849 I. 460 We should gripe down to the heart from whence the prayers of the godly do flow.
2. trans. gen. To lay hold of, seize, catch, grasp; to get into one's power or possession. † In OE. and ME. also occas.: To take, receive. Obs. exc. arch.
a900Kent Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 57/9 Ne capiaris, ðet ðu ne sio gripen. a1000Sal. & Sat. 151 (Gr.) Hwilum flotan gripað. a1225Leg. Kath. 1969 Grure grap euch mon hwen he lokede þeron. a1240Wohunge in Cott. Hom. 273 Hare praie þat tai hefden grediliche gripen. a1300E.E. Psalter ix. 16 In þis snare..Gripen es þe fote ofe þa. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 235 Heo that gripeth heore ȝiftus. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 204 Coveityse is ever wood To grypen other folkes good. c1421Hoccleve Complaint 265 Othar thinge the[n] woo may I none grype. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utop. (Arb.) 167 Woldest thou gripe both gaine and pleasure? 1583Golding Calvin on Deut. iii. 15 He whiche grypeth too much can hardly holde it. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, v. i. 57 To gripe the generall sway into your hand. 1608Yorksh. Trag. i. x, Let me entreat to speak with her, before The prison gripe me. 1670Brooks Wks. (1867) VI. 376 They greedily griped the possessions of the church. 1814Scott Wav. xvii, We griped nothing but a fat baillie of Perth.
absol.1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 175 Thow hast hanged on my nekke enleue tymes; And eke i-gripen of my gold. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 1156 Not Avarice..Was half to grype so ententyf, As Largesse is to yeve and spende.
3. a. To clutch, seize firmly, or grasp tightly with hand, paw, claw, or the like; to grip. Also said of the hand.
c1200Ormin 8125 Mann grap þa þatt cnif himm fra. c1205Lay. 18027 Heo [the Irish] to-biliue & gripen heore cniues & of mid here breches. c1275Ibid. 21213 Cheldrich wid his ohte men leopen heom to horse and grepen [c 1205 igripen] hire wepne. c1300Havelok 1872 [He] grop an ore, and a long knif. 13..Sir Beues (MS. A.) 2485 Be þe riȝt leg ȝhe him grep. c1450Merlin 9 She griped hir be the shulders, and put hir owt at the dore. 1530Palsgr. 575/2 He that taketh to moche in his hande at ones grypeth it yll. 1608D. T. Ess. Pol. & Mor. 69 Par trop presser l'anguille, on la perd, he that grypes an Eele too hard, is in danger to lose it. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 20 A bird..so strong as in her tallons can easily gripe and trusse up an Elephant. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 543 Let each..gripe fast his orbed Shield. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. ii. (1840) 32 One of her hands was clasped round the frame of a chair, and she griped it so hard that we could not easily make her let go. 1781Cowper Charity 525 Conjecture gripes the victims in his paw. 1843Lytton Last Bar. vii. iii, Hilyard griped his dagger. a1863Thackeray Duval vi. (1869) 78 When my mother lifted her hand, I..griped it so tight that I frightened her. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xxi. 534 So slender at the upper end that a man may easily gripe it.
transf.1870Morris Earthly Par. III. iv. 178 The hard frost griped all things bitterly.
b. Surg. (Cf. gripe n.1 1 d).
1830Cooper Dict. Pract. Surg. (ed. 6) 819 With the fingers the calculus was next griped.
†c. To enclose in a tight embrace, encircle tightly. Obs.
c1400Siege Jerusalem (E.E.T.S.) 73/1249 No gretter þan a grehounde, to grype in þe medil. c1450Merlin 655 He..griped him sore in his armes. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. clxviii. [clxiv.] 468 They gryped fast their horses with their legges. 1548–77Vicary Anat. vii. (1888) 49 The Adiutor bone..is.. crooked, because it shoulde be the more habler to grype thinges. 1607Heywood Wom. kilde w. Kindnesse Wks. 1874 II. 107 With my full hand Ile gripe him to the heart. 1715–20Pope Iliad xviii. 644 The children, in whose arms are borne (Too short to gripe them) the brown sheaves of corn. 1758J. Kennedy Curios. Wilton-Ho. 41 Hercules wrestling with Antaeus; he only gripes him high from the Ground.
d. absol.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 47/2 The property of the hande is to gripe and take houlde. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. i. 40 We haue..many among vs, can gripe as hard as Cassibulan. 1723Flying Post 11–13 Apr. in Masonic Mag. (1881) IX. 25 Examination of a Mason..To Gripe, is when you take a Brother by the right Hand and put your middle Finger to his Wrist, and he'll do so to you. 1741H. Brooke Constantia in Chalmers Poets (1810) XVII. 397/2 Struggling they gripe, they pull, they bend, they strain. 1817Coleridge Sibyll. Leaves, Three Graves, At first She gently press'd her hand. Then harder, till her grasp at length Did gripe like a convulsion!
†4. To close (the fingers) tightly; to clench (the fist). Obs. rare.
a1633Austin Medit. (1635) 137 Wee are borne the Children of wrath with our hands griped-close together. 1728Pope Dunc. ii. 210 Unlucky Welsted! thy unfeeling master, The more thou ticklest, gripes his fist the faster.
†5. fig. To lay hold of; to apprehend; to comprehend. Obs. rare.
a1340Hampole Psalter ii. 12 Gripes disciplyne [Vulg. apprehendite disciplinam], leswhen lord wreth. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 13 All the things we can gripe in our minds. Ibid. 137 It gripes within the bounds of its wide verge the restlesness that we are..justling with. 1742Young Nt. Th. vii. 1252 Can such a soul contract itself, to gripe A point of no dimension, of no weight?
6. To oppress by miserly or penurious treatment; to ‘pinch’, ‘squeeze’. (Said also of poverty.)
1645Quarles Sol. Recant. v. 8 Seest thou..poor men grip'd beneath th' oppressours hand? c1680Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 198 All that oppress and gripe poor workmen in their prices. 1729Savage Wanderer iii. (1761) 49 For this, he grip'd the Poor, and Alms denied. 1735Dyche & Pardon Dict., Gripe,..also to pinch, grind, or give a Person too little for their Wages or Goods. 18..Dickens Repr. Pieces (1866) 119 He feeds the poor baby when he himself is griped with want. a1868Ld. Brougham (Ogilv.), A disposition is everywhere exhibited by men in office to gripe and squeeze all submitted to their authority.
absol.1694F. Bragge Disc. Parables xiv. 459 How to gripe, and over-reach, and oppress, was the subject of their thoughts. 1755Man No. 11. 2 Yet for this nonsensical end they will gripe, pinch, pilfer, cheat..renounce the conveniences, and almost the necessaries, of life. 1895Forum (U.S.) Jan. 569 There is a little less sociability [in winter] and poverty gripes harder.
7. To grieve, afflict, distress.
1559Mirr. Mag., Mowbray's Banishm. xxix, Grief gryped me so, I pyned awaye and dyed. 1567Drant Horace, Art of Poetry B vj, Those which inwardly with griefe Are gryped in their minde. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, i. iv. 171 How inly Sorrow gripes his Soule. 1671J. Flavel Fount. Life xxiii. 70 How sick was his conscience as soon as he had swallowed it! It grip'd him to the heart. 1871B. Taylor Faust I. ix. 150 What ails thee? What is 't gripes thee, elf? A face like thine beheld I never. 1905R. Beach Pardners (1912) i. 29. It gripes me to hear a man cry. 1941J. M. Cain Mildred Pierce (1943) 88 What's griping him is that he can't do anything for the kids.
8. a. To affect with ‘gripes’; to produce griping pains in. Now chiefly in pa. pple.: see griped.
1611Cotgr., Trenchaisonner, to wring or gripe like the Cholicke, &c. 1619H. Hutton Follies Anat. (Percy Soc.) 12 The thought of To[bacco] his intrailes more doth gripe Then physicks art. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. i. xv. 39 Such persons fasting, are often griped in their Bellies. 1712Swift Jrnl. to Stella 7 Jan., I..came home, because I was not very well, but a little griped. 1756Brooke in Phil. Trans. LI. 76 They were much griped, and purged more than 20 times in 24 hours. 1865Pall Mall G. 20 Sept. 3/2 Anybody calling for champagne or claret at a place of public entertainment..is certain to be cheated, and..very likely to be griped.
b. absol. To produce pain in the bowels as if by constriction or contraction; to cause ‘gripes’.
1702Sir J. Floyer in Phil. Trans. XXIII. 1171 Crato describes Sena as if it had Viscidum quid, by which it gripes. 1811A. T. Thomson Lond. Disp. (1818) 134 Scammony..is..apt to gripe. 1875H. C. Wood Therap. (1879) 464 Whenever senna is exhibited, an aromatic should be united with it, to lessen its tendency to gripe.
9. Naut.
a. trans. To secure (a boat) with ‘gripes’. (In pa. pple. only, also griped to.)
1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxiv. 76 We got..the launch and pinnace hoisted, chocked and griped. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Griped-to, the situation of a boat when secured by gripes.
b. intr. Said of a ship which has a tendency to come up into the wind in spite of the helm, as when sailing close-hauled.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. xi. 53 Not [to] gripe..is when shee will not keepe a winde well. 1870Eng. Mech. 25 Feb. 580/1 A cutter is sometimes apt to ‘gripe’; that is, to turn its bowsprit suddenly up in the wind. 1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. i. §325 A steamer with sail..griping so badly with any after canvass that it is often impossible to steer.
10. intr. To complain, ‘grouse’. So ˈgriping vbl. n. slang (orig. U.S.).
1932Amer. Speech June 332 Gripe, to complain. 1934F. Scott Fitzgerald Tender is Night ii. i. 153 In some moods he griped at his own reasoning: Could I help it. 1940New Yorker 21 Sept. 37 He got good and sore and griped. 1945E. Ford Larry Scott v. 51 I've already told him that the newspaper game is a lousy business, so you can save your griping for somebody else. 1947D. M. Davin Gorse blooms Pale 199 Old Snow was griping away about his girl turning him down. 1959Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Nov. 678/1 Let us get the griping over quickly. 1963Time 30 Aug. 18/2 Ike..griped publicly: ‘There are too many of these generals who have all sorts of ideas.’ 1967Boston Traveler 27/2 People are always griping about kids hanging around and being at the wrong places at the wrong time.
11. Comb., as gripe-all, a grasping, avaricious person; † gripe-money, -penny, a miser, niggard; † gripe-stick (see quot.).
1823New Monthly Mag. VIII. 34 The city *gripeall who has amassed his million.
1611Cotgr., Gripp'argent, a *Gripe-money, or Catch-coyne.
1860Worcester, *Gripe-penny, a niggard, a miser. Mackenzie.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Tourniquet, a Turn-Still: also the *Gripe-stick us'd by Surgeons..in cutting off an Arm, &c.
▪ VII. gripe, v.2|graɪp|
Dialectal variant of grip v.2
1597Stanford Churchw. Acc. in Antiquary (1888) May 212 For gripinge the church acre jd. 1805Price in Ann. Agric. XLIII. 123 [Land] must be cleared of the surface water by griping or under-draining. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 315 In the following autumn, immediately after the drawing is completed, the plants left standing are to be worked well and deeply with the spade: this operation is generally termed griping. 1869Lonsdale Gloss., Grip, Gripe, to make shallow ditches or grips. |