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grand master
†1. The chief officer of a royal household. Obs.
1549Latimer 1st Serm. bef. Edw. VI (Arb.) 32 God is great grand mayster of the Kynges house, and wil take accoumpt of euery one that beareth rule therin, for the executing of their offices. 1556Chron. Gr. Friars (Camden) 55 The lord Richard Ryche was made chaunseler of Ynglond, and the lord Sent Jone that was lorde grandmaster gave it up. 1748Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to W. Montagu 25 Dec., She came attended with the greatest part of her court; her grand-master.., the first lady of her bedchamber [etc.].
2. a. The head of one of the military orders of knighthood, e.g. the Hospitallers, Templars, etc.
1553Becon Reliques of Rome (1563) 59 Of the Templares orders. For when their g[r]aundmaster, Iames Burgonion was burnt at Paris [etc.]. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 59 Otto, grand master of the Templars. 1777Watson Philip II (1839) 67 The sieur de la Valette, grand-master of the knights of Malta. 1802G. Rose Diaries (1860) I. 515 The present inclination..was to leave the nomination of a Grand Master to the Knights. 1820Scott Ivanhoe xxxviii, On an elevated seat..sat the Grand Master of the Temple.
b. The head of the order of Freemasons (or of a ‘province’ of this), or of later societies which imitate its constitution, as the Odd Fellows, etc.
1724Weekly Jrnl. 25 Jan. 2769/1 Sampson..was accounted Grand Master of that Fraternity [Free Masons]. 1753Scots Mag. Sept. 426/2 George Drummond, of the society of Free Masons in Scotland Grand Master. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xiii, The Perpetual Grand Master of the Glorious Appollers.
†3. A leading member of a trade guild. Obs.
1615J. Stephens Satyr. Ess. 293 [He] is never free of the Company,..till he hath drunk out his Apprentise-hood among the graund Masters.
4. Chess. (Freq. written as one word.) Orig. the title accorded to a player who won first prize in a great international tournament (opp. Master in national tournaments). Now often used more generally of an unusually skilled player. Also attrib. and transf. Hence grandˈmasterly a.
1927Brit. Chess Mag. XLVII. 61 Yates made a characteristic recovery and added to his growing bag the scalps of two ‘grand masters’. 1936Chess Rev. (N.Y.) Jan. 17 (title) A Gallery of Grandmasters. 1936B. Harley Chess & its Stars 121 The ultra-caution which is merely a symptom of her progress to the grand-master class of chess. 1937Chess III. 116 The victory was achieved by the only one of the Grand Masters who had not received a retainer: Keres! 1946Brit. Chess Mag. LXVI. ii. 50 Grandmaster Lilienthal..insistently advises us to study the Slav defence. 1952Sci. Amer. May 30 To take an apt title from the terminology of chess players, Sherrington was a grand-master of science. 1955N.Y. Times 20 Feb. 2/5 United States chess players..will oppose the famous Soviet grandmasters who have maintained world supremacy ever since their series of victories during 1954. 1965New Statesman 9 Apr. 590/1 Here..is a case of..truly grandmasterly chess. 1967Times 11 Feb. 12/5 What constitutes a grandmaster at chess?.. The term itself is supposed to have been invented by the Tsar to describe the competitors in the great international tournament at St. Petersburg in 1914. Ibid. 14 Nov. 6/3 He [sc. a Russian grandmaster since 1939] attributed much of the deterioration in chess to changes in the rules of the World Chess Federation, made in the 1950s. Abandoning the procedure under which the title of grandmaster could be won only by taking first prize in a tournament, the federation liberalized the rules to permit the title to be conferred upon any player winning 55 per cent of the points in a tournament.
Hence grandˈmastership, the office or position of grandmaster.
1769Robertson Chas. V, i. Wks. 1826 III. 241 She bequeathed to Ferdinand..the grand-masterships of the three military orders. 18..Lowell Leg. Brittany Poet. Wks. 1890 I. 95 He had spared no thought's or deed's expense, That by and by might help his wish to clip Its darling bride,—the high grandmastership. 1882–3Schaff Encycl. Relig. Knowl. I. 49 King Ferdinand now united the grand-masterships of St. James, Calatrava, and Alcantara to the crown. |