| 释义 |
goitre|ˈgɔɪtə(r)|
Forms: 7 gouitre, goytre, 7–8 goistre, 8 goter, 8, 9 U.S. goiter, 9 goiture (goto), 8– goître, 7– goitre.
[a. F. goitre, goître, back-formation from goitreux, ad. Prov. goitros:—popular L. *gutturiōsum, f. guttur throat.]
1. Path. A morbid (often enormously developed) enlargement of the thyroid gland of the neck; bronchocele.
1625Purchas Pilgrims IV. 1624 The Gouitres of Sauoye. c1645Howell Lett. I. i. xliii. (1650) 76 The people who dwell in the Valleys..are subject to a strange swelling in the Throat, called Goytre. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy I. 5 The Goistre of Piedmont. 1683Boyle in Phil. Trans. XVII. 638 Persons..troubled with these disfiguring Goitres. 1752J. Spence Crito 49 That sort of Swellings in the Neck, which they call Goters. 1838Southey in C. Southey Life & Corr. VI. 379 Those inhabitants of the Alps who suffer with goitres. 1871Smiles Charac. vi. (1876) 175 There is a village in South America where gotos or goitres are so common that to be without one is regarded as a deformity.
transf. and fig.1854Lowell Jrnl. Italy Prose Wks. 1890 I. 206 In Rome they [domes] are so much the fashion that I felt as if they were the goitre of architecture. 1860Emerson Cond. Life Wks. (Bohn) II. 364 This goitre of egotism is so frequent among notable persons that [etc.].
2. A swelling of the neck in certain lizards.
1834tr. Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. II. 31 The greater proportion of them [Anolis] have a dewlap or goitre under the throat. 1835[see anoli].
3. Comb., as goitre-like adj.; goitre-stick, the stems of the Sargassum bacciferum (see quot.).
1849tr. Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 277 The greater number have a goitre-like appendage under the throat. 1860Fowler Med. Voc., Goitre-sticks, the stems of a sea-weed, chewed in South America as a remedy for goitre.
Hence ˈgoitral a. [-al], ˈgoitred a. [-ed2] = goitrous a.
1836–9Todd Cycl. Anat. II. 471/2 The goitral..affections..are striking examples of the effect of hereditary influence. 1851E. Ruskin Let. 24 Aug. in M. Lutyens Effie in Venice (1965) ii. 183 The number of Cretins and Goitred persons is perfectly dreadful. 1923Blackw. Mag. Aug. 152/1 A gentle frog-like croak proceeded from the goitred throat. |