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单词 glossematic
释义 glossematic, n. pl. and a. Linguistics.|glɒsiːˈmætɪk|
[f. glosseme + -atics, after Gr. words like ϕώνηµα, ϕωνηµατικ- and θέµα, θεµατικ- and the names of sciences like mathematics (see -ic 2); perh. influenced by med.L. glōssēmaticus adj., though its sense is not related.]
A. n. pl. const. as sing. A theory of structural linguistics introduced by the Danish scholar Louis Hjelmslev (born 1899) in 1936, and concerned esp. with developing an abstract theory of the distribution of minimal forms (glossemes) and their mutual relationships.
1936Hjelmslev & Uldall in Humanistisk Samfund Skrifter (Aarhus) i, (title) Synopsis of an outline of Glossematics.1939L. Hjelmslev in Proc. Third Internat. Congr. Phonetic Sci. 272 This whole deductive theory of plerematics and cenematics, established by Mr. Uldall and myself under the common name of glossematics, bases the definitions of forms on their function among themselves.1956J. Whatmough Language vii. 115 Accordingly, a theory of the system (the pattern of mutual relationships of linguistic elements); of the norm (i.e. a set of rules based on the system and describing the limits of variation for each element); and of usage (a set of rules based on the norm and describing the limit of variation tolerated in a given speech-community at a given time)—this comprehensive theory is designated glossematics.1964Language XL. 231 ‘Form’ and ‘substance’ is a basic dichotomy which glossematics makes in both expression and content.1965M. Heppell tr. Ivić's Trends in Linguistics xv. 178 Glossematics is concerned with the systematic comparison of the structures of existing languages with the basic structures of all semiotic systems.
B. adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of glossematics.
1952A. Cohen Phonemes of English 6 The glossematic approach..aims at investigating various codes of communication, not merely speech, from the structural point of view.1962Amer. Speech XXXVII. 63 Application of glossematic phonological analysis to the Åsele dialect of Swedish.1965M. Heppell tr. Ivić's Trends in Linguistics xv. 183 The beginner in glossematic studies is held up at every step by terminological difficulties.
Hence glossemaˈtician, gloˈssematist, an expert in, or student of, glossematics.
1937Trans. Philol. Soc. 137 Phoneticians, phonologists, and the very recent glossematicians were prone to emphasize their differences.1950Archivum Linguisticum II. ii. 180 Here Lotz is in agreement with the glossematists.1953C. E. Bazell Linguistic Form 9 Glossematists would distinguish two morphemes (not mere components).1963J. Lyons Structural Semantics iii. 48 The Glossematicians' dependence on translation is especially clear in Uldall.
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