| 释义 |
glebe, n.|gliːb|
Forms: 6–7 gleabe, 6–8 Sc. gleib, (7 glieb), 7 gleab, gleebe, gleb, 4– glebe.
[ad. L. glēba, glæba clod, lump; land, soil. Hence also Pr., It., Sp. gleba, F. glèbe.]
1. The soil of the earth, regarded as the source of vegetable products; earth, land. Occas. soil and glebe. Now only poet. or rhet.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 397 Þey þat this londe [Wales] Be wel lasse þan Engelonde, As good glebe is oon as other [L. par glebæ gloria]. 1398― Barth. De P.R. xiv. xliv. (Tollem. MS.) The glebe [1535 soile] of þat mounte [Thabor] bereþ vynes, olyues, and oþer tren with frute. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 222 The soyle and glebe is set plentuous and commendable. 1598T. Bastard Chrestoleros (1880) 37 Howses by three, and seauen, and ten he raseth, To make the common gleabe, his priuate land. 1635–56Cowley Davideis iv. 969 The fertile Glebe requires no time to breed; It quickens and receives at once the Seed. 1747Hervey Medit. II. 30 The frosts mellow the soil..the Rains impregnate the Glebe and fit it to become a magazine of plenty. 1800–24Campbell Power Russia v, The glebe of fifty kingdoms shall be till'd To feed his dazzling, desolating train. 1841Catlin N. Amer. Ind. (1844) II. lviii. 224 The great family of North American Indians..are dying at our hands and rendering their glebe to our possession. 1866Felton Anc. & Mod. Greece I. ii. iii. 321 A troop of boys..pile upon the golden glebe the triumphs of the day.
†b. Crop. Obs. rare—1.
1661J. Childrey Brit. Bacon. 99 The Soil is..in som parts so fruitful, that after three years Gleab of Saffron..the Land..wil yeeld plenty.
2. A piece of cultivated land, a field. Now poet.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 335 Þe nynþe scheef [of] everich glebe [L. de omni gleba] of Engelond he ordeyned for his owne iourneys. 1712Addison Ps. xxiii, When in the sultry Glebe I faint, Or on the thirsty Mountains pant. 1764Oxford Sausage 195 To see his Brethren [horses]..Smoak through the Glebe, or trace the destin'd Road. 1792Burns ‘O, for ane and twenty’, A gleib o' lan', a claut o' gear, Was left me by my auntie, Tam. 1833Tennyson Poems 57 Many an..upland glebe wealthy in oil and wine.
b. spec. A portion of land assigned to a clergyman as part of his benefice.
[1302–3Year-bk. Edw. I (Rolls) 207 Chose qe est une feez glebe ne poet estre jammes fraunche aumoyne.] c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 449 Ȝif persouns hadden no glebe & no propre hous as eritage, þey sueden more Crist & his apostlis. 1502Arnolde Chron. 70 b, Prouided alwey that this acte extende not to cherches beyng in spiritual mennys handis ne to gleuis [so printed; ? read glebis] off the same. 1574tr. Littleton's Tenures 107 a, If a parson of a church charge the glebe of hys church by his dede [etc.]. 1654Gataker Disc. Apol. 48, I let out my whole Tithe and Gleab for One hundred pounds by the year. 1704Nelson Fest. & Fasts x. (1739) 598 The Laws of the Land assign to the Clergy..the Manse, or House and Glebe. 1825Cobbett Rur. Rides 427 This parish is a rectory; it has a glebe, and a good solid house. 1859Thackeray Virgin. v, Virginia was a Church of England colony: the clergymen were paid by the State and glebes allotted to them. 1873Dixon Two Queens iii. i. I. 118 Investing every yard and inn, and when their wants were pressing every glebe and hall.
†3.
a. A clod or mass of earth, ore, etc. (cf. quot. 1727–51). Also fig. Obs.
1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 3470 Than this vitall glebe [the body of St. Werburge] by diuine ordinaunce Voluntary permytted naturall resolution. 1583Leg. Bp. St. Androis Pref. 53 Judas Iscariot, for a gleib of geir, Betrayed his Maister lyk a traytour tod. 1625Jackson Creed v. l. §6 Gold being severed from drosse or gleibs of earth often intermingled with it. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Glebe, Gleba, in natural history, chemistry, etc., a clod or piece of stone or earth, frequently containing some metal or mineral. The glebes are carried to the forges to be washed, purified, melted, etc. 1756–66T. Amory J. Buncle (1825) III. 26 The glittering glebes of a gold colour found here, can be nothing else than glebes gilt with copper. Ibid. 239 It is found sometimes in glebes or clods.
†b. A small grain or speck of a mineral or chemical substance. Obs.
a1735Arbuthnot Aliments, Expl. Chym. Terms, The Chymists define Salt..to be a Body fusible in the Fire, congealable again by Cold into brittle Glebes, or Crystals. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters III. 124 Sulphur, intermixed with glebes of galæna or lead ore. 1765Delaval in Phil. Trans. LV. 36 note, Iron examined with a microscope when it first becomes rusty, shews it's surface covered with a number of pellucid vitriolic lamellæ, or glebes.
†4. An earth, earthy mineral. Obs.
1577Harrison England iii. x. (1878) ii. 68 The sulphurous glebe called bitumen. 1657Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 408 Which [Cinnabar] seems to be a purpureous glebe. 1675E. W[ilson] Spadacrene Dunelm. 42 The Ore or Glebe of Vitriol. 1712Oldisworth Horace's Odes vii. 22/2 The old Latins gave Chalk the name of Creta, because that sort of Glebe was imported from Crete. 1701J. H[ammond] Scelera Aquarum 25 London is situated on a Wicked Bottom of Earth, called Blue clay..This Blue Kind of Glebe..maleficates equally Air and Water. a1723Quincy Dispens. ii. xiv. 231 We must consider that Clay is a mineral Glebe.
5. attrib. (sense 2 b), as glebe-house, a parsonage, manse (now only in Ireland); also † glebe-land house; glebe-land(s = 2 b above.
1536Act 28 Hen. VIII, c. 11 §4 All the profites of the corne growyng uppon the same glebe landes so manured and sowen. 1625Massinger New Way ii. iii, You may, with the lease of glebe land call'd knaues-acre, A place I would manure, requite your vassall. 1642tr. Perkins' Prof. Bk. xi. §709. 309 If a parson of a Church be seised of Glebe Land in the right of his Parsonage or Vicarage. c1645Howell Lett. I. v. xvi. (1650) 153 It lies upon the Thames, and the Glebe-land house is very large and fair. a1825T. Jefferson Autobiog. Wks. 1859 I. 38 A glebe house and land with the other necessary appendages. 1867Trollope Chron. Barset I. xxxiii. 284 The archdeacon..had purchased a property..contiguous to the glebe-land. 1870Daily News 11 Feb., His promised Bill for affording facilities for the acquisition of glebes and glebe-houses by the different religious denominations in Ireland.
Hence glebe v. rare. trans. (a) To furnish (clergyman or church) with a glebe. (b) To set apart as a glebe. (c) (See quot. 1611.)
1611Florio, Glebáre, to gleebe or breake clods of earth. 1641Sir B. Rudyard Sp. Ho. Comm. 15 June, Landlords..gleabed them [parish Churches] with some portion of land. 1797Statist. Acc. Scotl. XIX. 329 A great part of the common was subdivided or glebed. |