| 释义 |
▪ I. gauntlet, n.1|ˈgɔːntlɪt, ˈgɑːntlɪt|
Forms: 5 gantelet, gauntelote, 5–6 gauntelette, 6 ga(u)ntlett, 7 gantlet, 5– gauntlet.
[a. F. gantelet, dim. of gant (OF. also guant, want) glove = Sp. guante, Pg. guante (gauntlet), It. guanto, med.L. gantus, wantus. The word is app. of Teut. origin, though found only in Scand. as ON. vǫtt-r (:—OTeut. *wantu-z), dim. vett-lingr, OSw. vanter, Sw. Da. vante. MDu. want is prob. from OF.
Noreen suggests that the root may be related to ON. vinda, OE. windan to wind, by an interchange of t and d (= orig. d, dh) dating from the Indo-Eur. period.]
1. A glove worn as part of mediæval armour, usually made of leather, covered with plates of steel.
c1420Lydg. Assemb. Gods 346 Mynerue..All in curas clad, Gauntlettes on hyr handys. 1484Caxton Chivalry 64 The knyght with his gauntelotes handleth more surely the spere or his swerd. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 377 He..cast away his Gauntlets, and his sworde to make him the lighter. 1658Cokaine Trappolin iii. ii, These hands, that wont to wave a dreadful sword, Instead of iron gauntlets now must wear Perfum'd gloves! 1762Hoole Tasso xi. 295 Wing'd with speed, the vengeful arrow flew: Swift thro' his better hand it held its course, Nor could the steely gauntlet stop the force. 1828Scott F.M. Perth vi, I am not the man..to disparage the glover's mystery..I am myself a maker of gauntlets. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 20 The glacier resembles a vast gauntlet, of which the gorge represents the wrist.
b. used for cestus2.
1697Dryden æneid v. 88 The strong with Iron Gauntlets arm'd shall stand, Oppos'd in Combat on the yellow Sand. 1700― Pal. & Arc. iii. 1001 Who naked wrestled best..Or who with gauntlets gave or took the foil. 1886Lewis & Short Lat. Dict., Caestus..a gauntlet, boxing glove for pugilists.
c. to cast (out), fling out or down, throw (down) the gauntlet (= F. jeter le gant): to give a challenge, from the mediæval custom of throwing down a glove or gauntlet in challenging an opponent: cf. gage n.1 2. to pick up, to take up, to gather (rare) the gauntlet: to accept a challenge (F. relever le gant); to undertake the defence of a person or opinion.
1548Hall Chron., Rich. III (1809) 376 Makynge a proclamacion, that whosoeuer would saie that kynge Richard was not lawefully kynge, he woulde fighte with hym at the vtteraunce, and threwe downe his gauntlet. 1590Nashe Pasquil's Apol. i. D iv b, I cast them my Gauntlet, take it vp who dares. 1632Heywood 1st Pt. Iron Age ii. Wks. 1874 III. 297 See'st thou not æacides Dart emmulous lookes on Kingly Diomed, Least hee should stoope to take his Gantlet vp. 1641Hinde J. Bruen lxi. 205 And casting out as it were, his gantlet of defiance..he challengeth them all. 1647Ward Simp. Cobler 72 Yee that fling out the gantlet to him that calls you Coward. 1784Kippis Biog. Brit. III. Corrig. & Add. s.v. Bentley, This [challenge] the Poet communicated to some of his military friends; two or three of whom..took up the gauntlet. 1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. (ed. 3) II. 204 The duchess of Drinkwater appeared upon the field of fashion, and threw down the gauntlet of defiance to Belgrave. 1851Gallenga Italy 363 This was a declaration of war to Mazzini, and he was not slow in gathering the gauntlet thus wantonly thrown. 1867Trollope Chron. Barset II. lxvii. 249 [She] had thrown down her gauntlet to him, and he had not been slow in picking it up. 1875Stubbs Const. Hist. III. xviii. 146 The commons at once took up the gauntlet.
2. In recent use: A stout glove, covering part of the arm as well as the hand, used in driving or riding, fencing, wicket-keeping, etc.
1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Gauntlet, a long glove, worn by ladies or soldiers. 1865Dublin Univ. Mag. Feb. 140 Her fur-trimmed driving-jacket showed a piquant figure—her white gauntlets a shapely little hand. 1872–6Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. (ed. 3) 160/2 A leather gauntlet is now used, in place of gloves, by the household cavalry. 1891W. G. Grace in Outdoor Games & Recreat. 7 Brown..is going to keep wicket; his gauntlets, or wicket-keeping gloves, are in his hand.
b. The part of a glove intended to cover the wrist.
1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework s.v. Gloves, Thick white ‘wash leather’ gloves, with gauntlets, are worn by the Life Guards.
c. Surg. ‘A sort of bandage which envelops the hand and fingers like a gauntlet or glove’ (Ogilvie).
†3. The plant Campanula Trachelium. [So F. gantelet.] Obs. rare—1.
1578Lyte Dodoens v. xxxv. 596 The Marians Violet and the Gauntelet..are also of the kindes of Rampions.
4. Naut. ‘A rope round the ship to the lower yard-arms, for drying scrubbed hammocks’ (Adm. Smyth). [Perh. a distinct word.]
5. attrib. and Comb., as gauntlet-cuff, gauntlet-gatherer, gauntlet-glove, gauntlet grasp; also † gauntlet-work, ? imbricated plates.
1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 9 A Louse appears the bignesse of a large Crecket, with three legs on either side, and two horns in the Snout, all transparent and of Gauntlet⁓work, having here and there hairs and bristles. 1815Scott Ld. of Isles vi. xv, The axe-shaft, with its brazen clasp, Was shiver'd in the gauntlet grasp. 1846Browning Soul's Trag. i. Poet. Wks. 1896 I. 466 No general gauntlet-gatherer for the weak against the strong. 1895Daily News 5 Feb. 6/6 The coat is cut half length and has old silver buttons at the waist and on the gauntlet cuffs.
Hence ˈgauntleted a., covered or armed with a gauntlet; of a glove: having a gauntlet (see 2 b above); ˈgauntlet v. trans., to strike with a gauntlet (nonce-use).
1810Scott Lady of L. v. xxv, Such blow no other hand could deal, Though gauntletted in glove of steel. 1842W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1866) III. 260 He rode along the heads of the columns, saluting them with his gauntleted hand. 1885Tennyson Balin & Balan in Tiresias etc. 120, I smote upon the naked skull A thrall of thine..my hand Was gauntleted, half slew him. Ibid. 130 The thrall His passion half had gauntleted to death. 1902C. Major D. Vernon 38 He was drawing on his gauntleted gloves. 1924‘J. Sutherland’ Circle of Stars iv. 37 Her loose gauntleted gloves of wash-leather.
▪ II. gauntlet, n.2|ˈgɔːntlɪt, ˈgɑːntlɪt|
Forms: 7–9 gantlet, 8 ga(u)ntlett, 7– gauntlet
[corrupted f. gantlope, by assimilation with gauntlet n.1]
= gantlope.
1676I. Mather K. Philip's War (1862) 137 They stripped them naked, and caused them to run the Gauntlet. 1704T. Pocock in Torrington Mem. (Camden) 187 One of the boatswain's mates ran the gantlett for stealing a shirt. 1778Sheridan Camp i. i, You should..be forced to run the gauntlet, from Cox heath to Warley Common. 1830Scott Demonol. vii. 214 Six-and-thirty of those who were young were forced to run the gauntlet. 1897F. N. Maude Volunt. v. Compulsory Service 33 Scharnhorst..procured the removal [in the Prussian army] of all dishonouring punishments, such as running the gauntlet.
b. transf. and fig.
1661Glanvill Dogmatizing Pref., To print, is to run the gantlet, and to expose ones self to the tongues strapado. 1709Pope Let. to Wycherley 17 May, Hitherto your miscellanies have safely run the gantlet, through all the coffee-houses. 1768F. Burney Early Diary (1889) I. 16 O what a gauntlet for any woman of delicacy to run! 1839Ld. Brougham Statesm. Geo. III, Eldon (ed. 2) 254 The case had run the gauntlet of the courts. 1851H. Martineau Hist. Peace (1877) III. iv. ix. 44 The premier had to run the gauntlet between the lines of objectors. 1858O. W. Holmes Aut. Breakf.-t. (1883) 138 They have run the gantlet of the years. 1880Parkman France & Eng. in Amer. 12 They descended the Mississippi, running the gantlet between hostile tribes. |