| 释义 |
▪ I. triple, n.|ˈtrɪp(ə)l|
Forms: see next.
[n. use of triple a.; cf. OF. triple in sense 5 below (c 1450 in Godef. Compl.).]
1. a. A triple quantity, sum, or number; thrice as much or many; the product of a number multiplied by three.
c1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 30 Of alle þise herbes,..take euen porcion, outtake of wodebynde, of whiche..be taken þe triple or quadriple. 1557Recorde Whetst. N iij b, Multiplie that triple, by the same quotiente. And set it doune vnder the first triple. 1674S. Jeake Arith. (1696) 195 Triple the Root, and multiply this triple by the Root. 1789T. Taylor Proclus II. 16 Not only the doubles, but also the triples, and all multiples of the same quantity. 1830H. Angelo Remin. I. 327 To add more than triple to his income.
b. A set or series of three; a triad.
1653R. G. tr. Bacon's Hist. Winds 203 This triple of Principles hath been introduced by the Chymists. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 464 The Sins, or Judgments of others may make this Triple of Petitions out of that unparallel'd Paterne. 1966D. Bennett Stranger in his Grave viii. 66, I wanted to..lie naked in an air-conditioned room with a triple of aspirins inside me. 1981Northeast Woods & Waters Jan. 11/2 We finally settled down and started to pick individual targets and stopped shooting at triples or whole flocks.
2. In technical and elliptical uses.
†a. Mus. Triple measure or rhythm. Obs.
1597Morley Introd. Mus. 9 Where it comprehendeth three semibriefes, as in a triple.
b. A triple star.
1890C. A. Young Uranography §32, 11 Monocerotis, a fine triple.
c. A magic lantern having three optical tubes combined in one.
1892Photogr. Ann. II. 531 Optical lanterns. Single lanterns. Biunials and triples.
d. Chem. A group of three atoms or ions.
1952Jrnl. Chem. Physics XX. 685/2 I123 is an integral involving a triple of atoms arranged as in the figure. 1977Sci. Amer. July 95/2 (caption) A sodium cation (Na+) might attract to its vicinity two independent solvated electrons, forming an ‘ion triple’.
e. Horse-racing. = trifecta.
1972Britannica Bk. of Year 733/3 Triple, specif., a system of betting on races in which the bettor must pick the first, second, and third horses in this sequence in a specified race in order to win. 1976N.Y. Times 21 Aug. 22 They had hit on a triple (picking the first three horses in the right order), and it was the young woman's turn to collect.
3. Bell-ringing. A peal rung on seven bells with the tenor, i.e. the eighth, behind; the bells interchanging each time in three sets of two.
1798in Gentl. Mag. Apr. (1825) 298/2 A full and compleat peal of grandsire tripples, consisting of 5040 changes. 1872Ellacombe Ch. Bells Devon, etc. iii. 238 A peal of ‘London Union Triples’. 1902Westm. Gaz. 23 Oct. 12/2 A boy of fourteen..took part in ringing 1,260 changes, which constitutes a quarter-peal of Grandsire Triples.
†4. = treble n. 7 b. Obs. rare—1.
a1553Udall Royster D. (Arb.) 88 The Peale of belles rong by the parish Clerk, and Roister Doisters foure men. The first Bell a Triple.
†5. = treble n. 4. Obs. rare—1.
1600Fairfax Tasso xviii. xxiv, The humaine voices sung a triple hie.
6. Baseball. A hit which enables the batter to reach third base.
1880Chicago Inter-Ocean 21 June 8/4 In the fifth Farrell's two-baser, Ward's triple hit, Bradley's triple hit, and Walker's fumbled grounder gave the Champions two earned runs. 1887Chicago Tribune 3 May 3/1 He made in succession a single, double, triple, and home run. 1926[see home a. 4]. 1949Milwaukie (Oregon) Rev. 4 Aug. 4/4 The hard working first sacker collected his first triple of the year. 1974Birmingham (Alabama) Post-Herald 29 June a 14/2 With two out, Bill North singled and scored on Campaneris' triple.
7. = treble n. 2 j.
1981W. H. Hallahan Trade v. 153 He poured himself another drink—a triple. 1981G. Markstein Ultimate Issue 174 Welk poured them all triples. ‘Salut,’ he toasted.
Sense 7 in Dict. becomes 8. Add: 7. A motorcycle with a three-cylinder engine.
1972Bike Autumn 32/1 We originally decided to test all three Suzuki triples, but the water cooled 750 was not available. 1976Cycle World Road Test Ann. 68/2 Kawasaki's awesome 750 Triple is a bike that has outlived its usefulness. 1986Road Racer Aug./Sept. 44/2 Next fastest—the bike that won't go away: Honda NS V3s. Hardly changed, the works triple is now little faster than the '86-spec production RS.
▪ II. triple, a. (adv.)|ˈtrɪp(ə)l|
Forms: 6 tryple. (treeple), 7 tripill, 7–8 (9 U.S.) tripple, 6– triple.
[a. F. triple (16th c. in Godef. Compl.), or ad. L. triplus, a. Gr. τριπλοῦς, = L. triplex threefold.]
A. adj.
1. Consisting of three members, things, or sets combined; threefold; = treble a. 1.
1551–2in Feuillerat Revels Edw. VI (1914) 78 One sute of tryple aparrell of whighte satten. 1587Harrison England iii. viii. in Holinshed I. 233/1 The triple tillage of an acre dooth cost 13 shillings foure pence before the saffron be set. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie ii. i. (Arb.) 78 The Philosopher gathers a triple proportion,..the Arithmeticall, the Geometricall, and the Musicall. c1620T. Robinson M. Magd. 1132 There stood ye Monarche of this tripple Isle. 1697Dryden æneid vi. 563 The triple porter of the Stygian sound, Grim Cerberus. 1776Withering Brit. Plants (1796) II. 266 A triple thorn beneath the buds. 1847Grote Greece ii. xxiii. III. 536 The trireme or war-ship with a triple bank of oars. 1874H. H. Cole Catal. Ind. Art S. Kens. Mus. 127 Triple rows of chains.
2. Having three applications or relations; existing or occurring in three ways or characters; of three kinds; = treble a. 1 b.
1567Golding Ovid's Met. vii. (1603) 79 b, By triple Hecats holy Rites. 1587T. Norton's Calvin's Inst. iv. xii. §15. 414 margin, [There is] a triple vse of fasting. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxxi. 187 From hence there ariseth a triple Word of God,..to which Correspondeth a triple Hearing. 1675Baxter Cath. Theol. ii. viii. 173 The Sun..whose triple Influx Motion, Light, and Heat, affecteth all things. 1860Motley Netherl. (1868) I. i. 10 Their choice was triple.
3. Three times as much or many; of three times the measure or amount; multiplied by three.
1550Crowley Last Trump. 955 If any man do the desyre Him to defend in doinge wronge, Though he woulde geue the triple hire, Yet geue none eare unto his songe. 1557Recorde Whetst. E iij, For .9. is triple to .3: and .12. is triple to .4. 1614Raleigh Hist. World ii. (1634) 478 Great conquests are won to repay the charges of Warre with triple interest. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters I. 169 The quantity should not be less than triple the weight of the solids consumed. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. 195 The detached figure..shews a part of the top of the wall..to a triple scale. 1806Hutton Course Math. I. 344 Each pyramid is the third part of the prism, or the prism is triple of the pyramid.
†4. That is one of three; third. Obs. rare.
1601Shakes. All's Well ii. i. 111 One [receipt] which..He bad me store vp, as a triple eye, Safer then mine owne two. 1606― Ant. & Cl. i. i. 12 You shall see in him (The triple Pillar of the world) transform'd Into a Strumpets Foole.
5. Special collocations.
triple agent = treble agent s.v. treble a. 3; triple alliance, an alliance of three states or powers, esp. (usu. with catital initials) that of England, Sweden, and the Netherlands in 1668, of France, Great Britain, and the Netherlands in 1717, and of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in 1883; also transf.; also, an alliance of trade unions representing miners, railwaymen, and transport workers; triple bob major, app. an error for treble bob major: see bob n.5; triple bond (Chem.) [bond n.1 13 e], a bond in which the two atoms ‘share’ three pairs of electrons rather than one pair; hence triple-bonded adj.; triple change (Bell-ringing), one in which three pairs of bells change places; triple concerto, a concerto with three solo parts; triple counterpoint, three-part counterpoint in which the parts may be interchanged without breaking the rules; triple cross, the act of betraying one party in a transaction by pretending to betray the other, or of betraying a person who has betrayed another; so triple-crossing; triple crown, a threefold crown; spec. (a) the papal tiara; also, a heraldic bearing representing this = tiara 2 b; (b) in horse-racing, the winning of the three races known as the ‘Two Thousand Guineas’, the ‘Derby’, and the ‘St. Leger’ (also attrib.); (c) also applied to several other instances of winning three victories in the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes, and, in Rugby Union and hockey, the winning by England, Ireland, Scotland, or Wales of victory over each of the other three in the same season; triple entente (Fr.), an understanding as to political action between three powers; triple first, at Cambridge University, a first class in three triposes; also, one who obtains this; triple fugue (Mus.), a fugue having three subjects; triple gown: see quot.; † triple grass, the genus Trifolium; triple hat, the papal tiara; † triple Lady's traces, a species of orchid with three tubers; triple jump, an athletic long jump event, also known as the hop, step, and jump (cf. hop n.2 3 a); triple junction (Geol.), a region at which the boundaries of three lithospheric plates meet; (Petrogr.), a point where three grain boundaries meet at angles of approximately 120 degrees; triple line (Geom.), a line, plane, or point formed by the coincidence of three lines, planes, or points; triple mirror = three-way mirror s.v. three-way a. a; triple phosphate (Chem.), phosphate of ammonium and magnesium; triple pit (Mining), a shaft divided into three compartments lengthwise: see quot.; triple plane: see triple line; triple play, in baseball, play in which three men are put out; triple point, (a) (Geom.), a point common to three branches of a curve, or at which the curve has three tangents: see triple line; (b) (Physics), the temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and vapour phases of a pure substance can coexist in equilibrium; the point representing this state in a phase diagram (marked by the junction of three lines); more widely, an analogous state or point for any three phases of a substance; (c) (Petrogr.), an invariant point involving three phases, e.g. where kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite are stable in the system Al2 SiO5; † triple progression (Mus.): see quot.; † triple proportion: = triple ratio; triple quartan (ague), a quartan ague in which the paroxysms occur in sets of three; triple ratio, the ratio of three to one; triple rime (triple rhyme): see rhyme n. 3 c (but in quot. 1872 = terza rima); triple rhythm (Mus.), a threefold rhythm consisting of one heavy and two light accents or beats; triple salt (Chem.), a salt containing three different bases; triple screw, a screw having three consecutive threads of the same pitch (Cent. Dict. 1891); triple spacing, the spacing of typewritten or other text so that two blank lines separate adjacent lines of text (see triple-spaced, sense C. 1 a below); triple star, a treble star (see treble a. 3); triple suspension (Mus.): see quot.; triple tail, a fish, Lobotes surinamensis, in which the dorsal and anal fins are extended so as to resemble tails; triple tertian (ague): cf. triple quartan; triple time (Mus.), a rhythm of three beats in the bar (transf. in prosody); also compound triple time (see compound a. 2 f); triple tonguing, the use of the tongue to achieve rapid articulation in groups of three notes on the flute and brass instruments; hence (as back-formation) triple-tongue vb. intr.; triple unite: see unite; triple vaccine (Med.), (a) a vaccine containing three species of the Salmonella bacteria, used as a prophylactic against typhoid and paratyphoid; (b) a vaccine containing diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and the killed whooping cough organism, administered in early childhood as a prophylactic against conditions caused by these. Also triple tree.
1968J. Wainwright Web of Silence 94 Jackson figures he's created a double-agent. We don't agree. The way we see it, Schneller's maybe a *triple-agent. 1982T. Heald Masterstroke viii. 159 Something in Intelligence. Our Intelligence. Theirs too... A triple agent at least.
1668Temple Lett. xv. (1699) 56 Monsieur de Witt: Who, he said, hindred them from being received into the *Triple-Alliance. 1715Addison Drummer v. i. (1722) 39 But here comes the Triple-Alliance [three Rogues]. 1799Monthly Rev. XXX. 528 This design..gave rise to the Triple alliance..to support the treaty of Utrecht. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 18 A triple commercial and political alliance between France, Belgium, and Holland. 1906Westm. Gaz. 26 Oct. 2/3 The alleged renewal of the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. 1915Times 9 Oct. 3/1 The conference of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain..adopted unanimously the scheme of a triple alliance between railwaymen, transport workers, and miners. 1974Times 8 Jan. (Europe Suppl.) p. ii/2 As Christmas approached, a state of affairs was fast developing reminiscent of that which occurred when the ‘triple alliance’ of miners, dockers and railwaymen sprang into being during the run-up to the General Strike of 1926.
1809W. Irving Knickerb. (1861) 42 The bells..rang a *triple bobmajor on the joyful occasion. a1845Barham Ingol. Leg., Wedding-day 94 The blithe ‘College Youths’..Accustomed, for years, to pull bell-ropes for wagers, Rang faster than ever; their ‘triple-bob-majors’.
1889G. M'Gowan tr. Bernthsen's Organic Chem. i. 55 The constitutional formula for acetylene, C2H2, is assumed to be CH{b3}CH, according to which the carbon atoms are joined together by a *triple bond. 1971Nature 10 Dec. 333/2 The CO molecule has a very stable triple bond which is difficult to dissociate.
1937Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LIX. 2091/2 The carbon-oxygen bond [in BH3CO] presumably involves resonance between double- and *triple-bonded structures. 1965Phillips & Williams Inorg. Chem. I. xiii. 484 In the most extreme cases there is some reason for saying that oxygen is triple-bonded.
1872Ellacombe Ch. Bells Devon iii. 232 After 1677..Stedman..appears to have introduced the method of double and *triple changes.
1879Grove Dict. Mus. I. 389/1 Sometimes concertos are written for more than one solo instrument, and are then known as double, *triple, etc., concertos as the case may be. 1932Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 8/3 In March a triple concerto for flute, clarinet, bassoon and orchestra by J. R. Heath will be introduced. 1985Daily Tel. 22 Jan. 9 The London Sinfonietta..had played the Triple Concerto on the first night of the Tippett birthday celebration week.
1869Ouseley Counterp. xvii. 134 *Triple and quadruple counterpoints..consist of three or four melodies so interwoven that any of them may become a correct bass to the others. 1876Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Triple counterpoint, a counterpoint in three parts, so contrived that each part will serve for bass, middle, or upper part as required.
1971J. Aiken Nightly Deadshade vii. 76, I..resolve to set a few subliminal tests for my fellow-conspirators..in case they are working the *triple-cross. 1978Times 25 Jan. 11/5 Anthony Price is a master of the double (or even triple) cross.
1922S. Lewis Babbitt xix. 236 ‘Kind of double-crossing.’ ‘It ain't. It's *triple-crossing. It's the public that gets double-crossed.’
1555Eden Decades 226 A *triple crowne much lyke the popes. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, i. iii. 66. 1624 Bedell Lett. iv. 78 In one scutchion with the crosse Keyes and triple crown in the crest. 1780,1894[see tiara n. 2 b]. a1854H. Reed Lect. Eng. Hist. viii. (1855) 272 The triple crown of the papacy. 1897Daily News 7 Sept. 5/1 What the sporting prophets love to call the ‘triple crown’,..the Two Thousand, the Derby, and the St. Leger. 1899Whitaker's Almanack 1900 648/2 In their last match at Cardiff against Wales, Ireland won by a try to nothing, securing the triple crown with three straight victories as in 1894. 1901Daily Chron. 20 July 9/1 The triple-crown winner stood a sound 6 to 4 on chance. 1946M. C. Self Horseman's Encycl. 413 Race horses which win the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness and the Belmont are said to win the Triple Crown. 1953Times 10 Apr. 4/5 A victory for England [over Scotland at hockey] will mean that the meeting of Ireland and England in Dublin on April 18 will be a fight for the triple crown. 1974Sunday Tel. 7 Apr. 36/7 Hockey history was made on the Cardiff University ground at Llanrumney where Wales won the Championship and took the Triple Crown for the first time since the quadrangular tourney began in 1903. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 22 May 6/4 She may never win a Triple Crown race herself—no woman ever has—but she says she'll ‘definitely ride again; it's in my blood’. 1978World of Tennis (BP Yearbk.) 179 The Virginia Slims Championship is the first event in the Triple Crown (Wimbledon and Forest Hills are the others) which has replaced the Grand Slam at the pinnacle of achievement in women's tennis. 1979M. Boyce I was There! 47/2 Twelve..the number of times Wales have won the Triple Crown. 1979Harvard Gaz. 23 Feb. 2 Zoo Captain Bill Renke is the only person to have won the tiddlywinks Triple Crown—the Singles, Pairs, and Team Championships.
1910Encycl. Brit. IX. 949/1 (heading) The *Triple entente and the Triple Alliance. 1914Times 5 Aug. 7/4 First came the Franco-Russian Alliance, and later on the Anglo-French, and the Anglo-Russian agreements, which paved the way for the diplomatic group known as the Triple Entente.
1876Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms s.v. Fugue, Fugues have been divided..By number of subjects; as a double fugue, having two subjects; a *triple fugue, three subjects, &c.
1834Tait's Mag. I. 720/2 The double or *triple gowns (the Judges with the double and triple salaries).
1562W. Bullein Bulwark, Bk. Simples (1579) 32 Trifolium, called the three leaued grasse. [margin] *Triple grasse.
1840Carlyle Heroes iv. (1858) 285 You with your tiaras, *triple-hats,..stand on Devil's Lie, and are not so strong!
1964M. Watman Encycl. Athletics 150/1 Basically, the rules for the *triple jump (formerly known as the hop, step and jump) are identical with those governing the long jump. 1972N.Y. Times 4 June 4/7 The runner-up in the voting was John Craft, who set an American triple-jump record of 55-5.
1969Nature 11 Oct. 125/2 Evolution of such *triple junctions can produce many of the changes which would otherwise appear to have been caused by a change in the direction or magnitude of the relative motion between plates. 1976R. H. Vernon Metamorphic Processes v. 137 Three grains meet at a point (‘triple junction’), the inter⁓facial angles closely approximating 120°. 1979Mallory & Cargo Physical Geol. xvii. 437 Examination of these triple junctions shows that the three branches of the junction may involve convergence, divergence, or translational (sideways) movement. 1982Aramaki & Ui in R. S. Thorpe Andesites iii. 260/1 Japan and the surrounding islands form three chains of island arcs which meet at a trench-trench-type triple junction located at c. 34° N and 142° E.
1611,1785*Triple Ladies traces [see lady's traces].
1907Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 110/2 *Triple folding mirrors..Size of glass, 9 by 9 in.—20/3. 1920S. Lewis Main Street xiv. 164 A real dressing-table with a triple mirror. 1967‘K. O'Hara’ Unknown Man iv. 29 She adjusted the triple mirror and took up the eye⁓liner.
1857G. Bird's Urin. Deposits (ed. 5) 276 The *triple phosphate which is precipitated artificially from urine..is a neutral salt. 1899J. Cagney tr. Jaksch's Clin. Diagn. vii. (ed. 4) 388 It [urine] deposits on standing a more or less abundant deposit of fat-laden and swollen leucocytes and triple-phosphate crystals.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 970 A shaft is to be divided into three compartments, one for the engine pumps, and two for raising coals,..which is denominated a *triple pit.
1869De Witt's Official Base Ball Guide 42 Remarks concerning double and *triple plays will apply to the third baseman as much as to either of the other base-players. 1896Knowles & Morton Baseball 103 Triple play, a play in which the ball is handled quickly enough to retire three men.
1872J. Thomson in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1871 ii. 32 We must suppose three curves (namely, the line between gas and liquid, the line between liquid and solid, and the line between gas and solid) to meet in one point... This point of pressure and temperature for any substance may then be called the *triple point for that substance. 1873B. Williamson Diff. Calc. (ed. 2) xiv. §209 If the lowest terms in the equation of a curve be of the third degree, the origin is a triple point. 1879[see ice line s.v. ice n. 8]. 1955Sci. Amer. Mar. 52/3 In another change, the absolute temperature scale was redefined in terms of a single fixed reference point—the triple point of water. 1964J. H. Brophy et al. Thermodynamics of Structure ii. 20 If the specified temperature and pressure are the coordinates of point D, all three phases coexist in equilibrium with one another. Point D is called the triple point. 1966[see ice-point s.v. ice n. 8]. 1978Nature 14 Dec. 696/2 One possible reason..is that a solid–solid–liquid triple point could exist near 107 Pa..in the proposed phase diagram [of carbon]. 1979K. G. Cox et al. Interpretation of Igneous Rocks iii. 47 Figure 3.1 shows a one-component phase diagram for a substance such as H2O. It consists of three fields in each of which a single phase exists. Each pair of fields meets in a curve along which two phases co-exist, and the three fields meet in a point U (so-called triple point) at which all three phases co-exist. 1983D. S. Barker Igneous Rocks iii. 28 The ‘triple point’ where liquid, vapor, and solid coexist in equilibrium has yet to be experimentally located for any silicate.
1801Busby Dict. Mus., *Triple Progression, an expression in old music, implying a series of perfect fifths.
1557Recorde Whetst. C j, Proportion..Doble, *Triple, Quadriple. a1696Scarburgh Euclid (1705) 180, 12 compared to 4 is Multiple Proportion, and named triple.
1625Hart Anat. Ur. ii. v. 79, I went to a Canon who lay sicke of a *triple Quartane ague. 1727–38,1866*Triple rhyme [see rhyme n. 3 c]. 1872Lowell Dante Prose Wks. 1890 IV. 158 In the form of the verse (triple rhyme) we may find an emblem of the Trinity.
1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. I. 248 When the quantity of ammonia corresponds with that of the nitrate of magnesia necessary to form a *triple salt, the precipitation is then checked. 1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 886 Triple salts, a name sometimes applied to salts containing three different bases, such as microcosmic salt.
1957A. C. Lloyd et al. Gregg Typewriting for Colleges 2/1 In *triple spacing, typing appears on every third line with 2 blank lines between the typed ones. 1978Brit. Med. Jrnl. 16 Dec. 1724/3 Typing should be on one side of the paper, with double or triple spacing between the lines.
1831Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) IV. 47/1 M. Struve has also taken notice of 52 *triple stars.
1876Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms s.v. Suspension, Two suspended notes form a double suspension; three a *triple suspension, and so on.
1803Shaw Gen. Zool IV. 80 The tail..appears as if composed of three distinct parts,..hence the name of Triurus, or *Triple-Tail, applied to this fish by Commerson. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 148 The ‘Flasher’ or ‘Triple-tail’..is spoken of by various authors as the ‘Black Triple-tail’.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 607 The fifth species [of ague] consisting of double tertians, *triple tertians, unequal tertians, duplicate tertians.
1662Playford Skill Mus. i. viii. (1674) 28 Pricks of Perfection are used for perfecting Notes, and are only used in the *Triple-Time. 1749J. Mason Numbers in Poet. Comp. 74 If..we banish our slow Tunes, and sing only Triple-Time Tunes to pure Iambic Measure. 1880G. M. Hopkins Let. 5 Sept. (1935) 107 So far as I know triple time is in English verse a shy and late thing. 1889F. Taylor in Grove Dict. Mus. IV. 174/1 When a bar of triple time consists of two notes only the accent is always on the longer note.
1951W. Morum Gabriel i. i. 7 He *triple-tongued up the scale to high C. 1967Crescendo Feb. 23/3 The band stopped for several bars, and Charles triple-tongued—at breakneck tempo—and never faltered or slowed down once.
1879Grove Dict. Mus. I. 459/2 *Triple tongueing is also possible. 1951W. Morum Gabriel ii. vi. 211 You could rattle out triple-tonguing stuff when you was a kid. 1961C. W. Monk in A. Baines Mus. Instruments xi. 280 Rapid passages are managed by alternating ‘t’ and ‘k’ in ‘double-tonguing’ and fast triplets by ‘triple tonguing’ ‘ttk’ (or ‘tkt, ktk’).
1917Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 22 Sept. 100/2 The reaction following the inoculation of the *triple vaccine was no different than when the typhoid vaccine was alone used. 1947Ann. Rev. Microbiol. I. 327 A reinvestigation of the antigenicity of the strains routinely used for the preparation of typhoid and ‘triple’ vaccine..resulted in the introduction of strains rich in somatic antigen. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxii. 22/2 The injection of the triple vaccine may be combined with three oral doses of poliomyelitis vaccine. 1982Times 8 Sept. 1/4 Kate is to have her third triple vaccine against whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus today.
B. adv. To three times the amount or extent; in a threefold manner; triply; thrice. See also C. 2.
1606–1897 [see C. 2]. 1641in Cochran-Patrick Rec. Coinage Scotl. (1876) I. Introd. 31 Coining of the Stirling coper monie..could not have been done the ordinare way for triple more charges. 1643R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) II. 71 Triple more already than ever was taught in Scotland. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. iii. 85 If we had double or triple as many.
C. Combinations.
1. The adjective in combination.
a. Parasynthetic combs., as triple-arched, triple-barbed, triple-barrelled, triple-bodied, triple-coloured, triple-crested, triple-crowned, triple-edged, triple-formed, triple-gemmed, triple-hatted, triple-hummocked, triple-lived, triple mirrored, triple-nerved, triple-piled, triple-rayed, triple-ribbed, triple-stranded, triple-throated, triple-tiered, triple-towered, triple-turreted; triple-awned, in triple-awned grass, = three-awned (three B. III. 2); triple-spaced, typed or formatted so that two blank lines separate adjacent lines of text; also as quasi-adv.; (see triple spacing, sense A 5 above). Also triple-headed.
1906Daily News 4 Sept. 6 The construction of the *triple-aisled nave [of Strassburg Cathedral].
1819Keats Eve St. Agnes xxiv, A casement high and *triple-arch'd there was.
1848Buckley Iliad 204 Wounding him on the shoulder with a *triple-barbed arrow.
1905Daily Chron. 22 Sept. 1/7 He is now in a cell *triple-barred and double-locked.
1934W. S. Churchill Marlborough II. xxv. 561 Between their squadrons appeared the *triple-barrelled guns, which opened a remarkably rapid fire. 1977Navy News Sept. 2/3 Up, up, and away goes H.M.S. Salisbury's Squid triple-barrelled mortar, the last firing mounting in the Royal Navy.
1840Browning Sordello i. 201 The *triple-bearded Teuton come to life!
1583B. Melbancke Philotimus D d j, The *triple-bodied Pluto.
1728Pope Dunc. ii. 248 At some sick miser's *triple-bolted gate.
1855Milman Lat. Chr. xiv. x. (1864) IX. 358 The *triple-chorded harmony of faith, holiness, and charity.
1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 140 *Triple-coloured tortoises. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 897.
1717Fenton Odyss. xi. Poems 126 To drag to light the *triple-crested Dog That guards Hell's massy Portal.
1679Bedloe Popish Plot Ep. A j b, Their *Tripple Crown'd Idol at Rome.
1776Da Costa Conchology 21 A *triple-edged spear or sword.
1606Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. ii. Magnificence 921 A great Cornaline, Where some rare Artist..Hath deeply cut Time's *triple-formed Front.
1840Carlyle Heroes iv. (1858) 286 A black spectral Nightmare and *triple-hatted Chimera.
1876G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 64 The *triple-hummocked Giant's Stool.
1709–10Steele Tatler No. 118 ⁋1 To deal with them as Evander did with his *triple-lived Adversary.
1939R. Chandler Big Sleep vii. 45 There was perfume on the *triple-mirrored dressing table. 1970R. Rendell Guilty Thing Surprised iii. 38 Between the two mirrors stood a triple-mirrored dressing table.
1811Willdenow Bot. (new ed.) §42 A leaf is said to be..*Triple-nerved.., when out of the side of the middle rib above the base there arises a nerve running towards the point.
1851Mrs. Browning Casa Guidi Wind. i. 830 On *triple-piled Throne-velvets sit at ease to bless the poor.
1847Ld. Lindsay Chr. Art I. 124 Our Saviour is represented..distinguished by the *triple-rayed nimbus.
1847W. E. Steele Field Bot. 47 Root-leaves crowded..petals rounded, *triple-ribbed.
1946R. Chandler Let. 6 Oct. (1981) 80 The silly little *triple-spaced half pages I type on. 1966F. Stewart Deadly Nightcap iii. 40 There were margins of twenty degrees on either side of the typescript, and it was triple-spaced. 1978M. H. Clark Stranger is Watching xix. 81, I typed them triple-spaced.
1629Ford Lover's Mel. iv. ii, The dog, whose *triple-throated noise Hath rous'd a lion from his uncouth den.
1807J. Barlow Columbiad vii. 267 Flames, *triple tier'd, and tides of smoke, arise, And fulminations rock the seas and skies. 1962E. Snow Other Side of River (1963) ii. 23 A balcony overlooking the Outer City gave a view of the distant, triple-tiered, blue-glazed round roofs of the Temple of Heaven. 1972M. J. Bosse Incident at Naha i. 11 He..went to his triple-tiered pipe rack.
1611Cotgr., Fourchier à trois dents, a *triple-toothed forke.
c1828Berry Encycl. Her. I. Gloss. s.v. Triple, *Triple-towered, gate, double-leaved.
a1550in Baring-Gould & Twigge West. Armory (1898) 3 Barnestaple Towne: Arg: a *triple turreted tower gul: betweene 3 ogresses.
b. in combination with ns., forming adjectives or attributive phrases, as triple-action, triple-compartment, triple-cylinder, triple-digit, triple-expansion (see expansion 7), triple-hearth, triple-line, triple-lock, triple-rack, triple-shift, triple-threat, triple-wick; triple-screw, having three screw-propellers.
1934Webster 725/2 A *triple-action die, when in operation, has a movement, produced by springs or a triple-action press, of two punches, two matrices, or a punch and a matrix, within either the upper or lower half of the die. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 29 Mar. (Suppl.) 11/1 From Steiner comes news of two brand new hair aids. The first is Pearl Foam, a triple-action shampoo which cleanses, adds lustre and protects the hair from the weather. 1974M. Taylor tr. Metz's Film Lang. ix. 233 This triple-action construction gives the ending of the film..its true meaning.
1882Rep. to Ho. Repr. Prec. Met. U.S. 293 The main working shaft, which is *tripple compartment.
1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Triple-cylinder engine, a steam-engine employing three cylinders.
1976N.Y. Times 7 Mar. iii. 15/6 The foot-dragging is caused by Argentina's *triple-digit inflation. 1979Time 28 May 12 The cost of living for April had jumped a shocking 8·7%, more than 100% if projected over the entire year. The admission provoked howls of alarm that the country could be heading toward uncontrollable triple-digit inflation.
1882Engineering 12 May 474/1, I may mention that within the last few weeks there has been a steamer completed to work at a pressure of 150 lb. per square inch with *triple expansion engines very similar to those fitted in the Aberdeen. 1886Pall Mall G. 21 Sept. 13/2 These steamers..are provided with triple expansion engines.
1893J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (1907) 17 The ‘*triple-extension’ type [of camera].
1877Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 339 The Bennett Mill carries ten stamps, six *triple-hearth reverberatory roasting-furnaces [etc.].
1889Rider Haggard K. Solomon's Mines 220 The Greys filed off in a *triple-line formation.
1895Daily News 14 Mar. 5/5 The ticket will be dropped in a *triple-lock box.
1892Photogr. Ann. II. 545 Large size (patent) *triple-rack telescopic front tubes.
1901Daily Mail 30 Oct. 5/3 A series of six *triple-screw 14,865 ton battleships.
1939W. H. Baumer Sports as taught & played at West Point 40 Any backs who possess the three qualifications of being a good runner, passer and kicker to a marked degree are *triple-threat men. 1972J. Mosedale Football v. 67 Football no longer requires the triple threat back—the player who can run and kick as well as punt.
1892Photogr. Ann. II. Advt., *Triple Wick Lamps,..Four Wick Lamps.
2. The adverb in combination.
a. with pa. pples. or adjs., as triple-compound, triple-compounded, triple-dyed, triple-endowed, triple-locked, triple-quick, triple-refined, triple-roomed, triple-turned, triple-twined.
1897Daily News 14 June 6/6 Two sets of *triple-compound engines, each self-contained.
1775Adair Amer. Ind. 69 A double, or *triple-compounded [word].
1606Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. ii. Magnificence 729 Their long strong sarcels, richly *triple-di'd Gold-Azure-Crimsin.
1974Hawkey & Bingham Wild Card xiv. 123 The *triple-locked door to his apartment.
1951L. MacNeice tr. Goethe's Faust 226 How *triple-quick we spirits fly!
1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 130 A *triple-refined taste.
1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God xv. xxvi. 566 The arke..had roomes aboue those vpper roomes, and so was called *triple-roomed, being three stories high.
1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. iv. xii. 13 *Triple-turn'd Whore, 'tis thou Hast sold me to this Nouice.
1804J. Collins Scripscrap. xi, Bath deems a *triple-twin'd Laurel thy Due.
b. with pres. pples., as triple-barking, triple-flashing.
1733Swift On Poetry 214 To Cerberus they give a sop, His *triple-barking mouth to stop.
1903Daily Chron. 27 Feb. 7/7 A light vessel, say one showing a ten-mile range *triple-flashing red light.
c. with vbs., as triple-lock.
1876‘Mark Twain’ Tom Sawyer xxxii. 251, I had its big door sheathed with boiler iron..and triple-locked. 1976B. Bova Multiple Man xvi. 177 The first thing I did was..to make certain I was alone..after triple-locking the front door.
Hence (nonce-wds.) † ˈtriplefold adv., triply, threefold; † ˈtriplewise adv., in a triple manner.
1570Foxe A. & M. (ed. 2) 36/1 To these is gyuen pardon from the Pope, double and triplefold more, then to any other good worke of charitie. 1594Marlowe & Nashe Dido v. i, Ganges..Whose wealthy streams may wait upon her [Troy's] towers, And triple-wise entrench her round about.
▸ triple-drug therapy n. Pharmacol. = triple therapy n. at Additions.
1965Cancer Chemotherapy Rep. 45 45 (title) *Triple drug therapy with Actinomycin D.., Chlorambucil.., and Methotrexate..in metastatic solid tumors in children. 1969Cancer 24 442 Thirty-four patients with disseminated choriocarcinoma, embryonal cell carcinoma, and teratocarcinoma of the testis were treated with triple drug therapy.
▸ triple sec n. (also with capital initials) a type of (typically colourless) orange-flavoured liqueur; cf. cointreau n., sec adj.
1892Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 19 Nov. 7/4 Cases..*Triple Sec. 1963J. Thompson Grifters (1985) x. 78 A sidecar, say, with bourbon instead of brandy... No Triple Sec, please. 2004Evening Times (Glasgow) (Nexis) 4 June 16 The Revolution..is inspired by the Beatles and includes dark rum, triple sec, lime and coke.
▸ triple therapy n. Pharmacol. treatment (esp. of neoplastic disease or infection) with a combination of three drugs.
1986Jrnl. Urol. 135356 The patient responded to antituberculous *triple therapy. 1997Guardian 8 May 1/6 The Aaron Diamond team looked at the blood of patients on a triple therapy of zidovudine or AZT, lamivudine and nelfinavir. 2000Brit. Med. Jrnl. (Electronic ed.) 1 Jan. 31 Bismuth triple therapy has mainly been surpassed by seven day triple regimens using proton pump inhibitors; these combine omeprazole, lansoprazole, or pantoprazole with two antibiotics.
▸ triple witching n. Stock Market colloq. (orig. U.S.) a trading session during which three types of derivatives contracts expire, typically associated with volatile and unpredictable trading; freq. attrib., esp. (in triple witching hour) designating the final hour of such a trading session; also in extended use.
1985N.Y. Times 24 June d5/1 Several days before last Friday's ‘*triple witching hour’, many professional stock traders again braced for a wild final 60 minutes in the life of three key market forces: index futures and stock and index options. 1998J. Rozario in C. W. Smithson Managing Financial Risk (ed. 3) iii. 45 The large price swings that occurred during triple-witching were much anticipated and discussed by the media. 2003Card News (Electronic ed.) 14 May Visa and MasterCard were facing a litigation triple witching hour as action on three separate antitrust lawsuits escalates in the coming weeks. 2006Daily Tel. (Nexis) 18 Mar. 35 Volumes were heavy with 4.5bn shares changing hands and the so-called ‘triple witching’ period—when the FTSE's index futures, index options and share options expire—passed smoothly.
▪ III. triple, v.|ˈtrɪp(ə)l|
Forms: see triple a.; also 5 threpil, -el, tryple.
[ad. med.L. triplāre (see triplate); cf. F. tripler (1484 in Godef. Compl.), Prov. triplar.]
1. a. trans. To make three times as great or as many as before; to multiply by three; to make threefold; to treble.
1375Barbour Bruce (MS. 1487) xviii. 30 And said, that he suld fecht that day, Thouch Tryplit or quadruplit [Edin. MS. (1489) tribill and quatribill] war thai. a1400–50Alexander 1476 Þe bischop..Comandis to ilka creatour to crie þurȝe þe stretis, To thre dais on a thrawe be threpild [v.r. threpelytt] to-gedire. 1542Recorde Gr. Artes (1575) 115 To double the remayner of poundes, and triple the remayner of shillings. 1564Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 297 Thair abone impresonment to be tripled. 1620in Foster Eng. Factories Ind. (1906) 208 Private traders..who confesse they triple their principall between that place and Bantam. 1655Clarke Papers (Camden) III. 23 His Highnesse..tripled the guards, and scoured the citty and 4 miles round with horse. a1774Goldsm. Surv. Exp. Philos. (1776) I. 128 The body goes on with the double impression, and receives also a new one which triples it. 1795Hist. in Ann. Reg. 17/1 She was determined to double and even triple her army. 1820Lamb Elia Ser. i. Two Races of Men, He will return them [books]..with usury; enriched with annotations, tripling their value. 1858Buckle Civiliz. (1864) II. i. 119 The export of foreign commodities was tripled.
b. To fold in three thicknesses. rare—0.
1573–80Baret Alv. T 376 Triple, to..fold a thing three times.
c. spec. in Mech. To alter (a steam-engine) from single or double expansion to the triple-expansion type; also, to fit (a vessel, etc.) with triple-expansion engines.
1891[see tripling vbl. n. 1 b].
2. To amount to three times as many as. rare—1.
1589in Hakluyt Voy. (1599) II. ii. 145 Their losse I can assure you did triple ours, as well in quality as in quantity.
3. intr. To grow to three times the former number or amount.
1799W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. XXVIII. 526 Our author hesitates whether wages have not tripled. 1805Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) II. 15, I..was pleasing myself with the notion..that your income was tripling and quadrupling in value. 1839Times 11 June, Within the last twenty years it [crime] has tripled.
4. Baseball. To hit a triple (see triple n. 6).
1908Sporting News 17 Sept. 4/5 The very next day he tripled with the bases full. 1972N.Y. Times 4 June 3/1 Danny Thompson tripled, and consecutive singles by Rod Carew, Harmon Killebrew, Steve Braun and Bobby Darwin gave the Twins a 2–0 lead. |