| 释义 |
recitation|rɛsɪˈteɪʃən|
Also 5 recytacion.
[ad. L. recitātiōn-em, n. of action f. recitāre to recite; or a. F. récitation (14–15th c.).]
1. a. The action of rehearsing, detailing, † or enumerating; recital.
1484Caxton Fables of Poge v, The v fable is of the recytacion of somme monstres. 1648W. Jenkyn Blind Guide i. 15 Though indeed the recitation of such cheape and poore stuffe, be a sufficient refutation of them among intelligent Readers. 1685Baxter Paraphr. N.T., Matt. i. 14, I reduce them to fourteen in the recitation, for memory-sake.
b. An instance of this; an account, narrative.
1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. Wks. (1851) 148 Wise and artfull recitations sweetned with eloquent and gracefull inticements. 1654Hammond Fundam. xv. §7 The recitations and descriptions of God's decreed wrath.
2. a. The action of reciting († or reading aloud); the repetition of something got by heart.
1623Cockeram, Recitation, a reading with a loude voice. 1659Pearson Creed (1839) 18 The recitation of the Creed at the first initiation into the Church by baptism. 1828Whately Rhet. in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) I. 302/1 Let all studied recitation therefore..be carefully avoided. 1841Borrow Zincali II. ii. iii. 60 From the recitation of this individual we wrote down the..Deluge. 1879Grove Dict. Mus. I. 626 The note on which the recitation is made in each Psalm or Canticle tone.
b. An instance of this; an act of reciting.
1841Lane Arab. Nts. I. 15 Thus, on the first night of the thousand and one, Shahrazád commenced her recitations. 1847Grote Greece ii. xxviii. (1862) III. 60 There were recitations and lectures in a spacious council-room. 1858Ruskin Arrows of Chace (1880) II. 264, I heard your daughter's recitations in London last Autumn.
3. U.S. The repetition of a prepared lesson or exercise; an examination on something previously learned or explained.
1770P. V. Fithian Let. 30 Nov. in Jrnl. & Lett. (1900) 8 At nine the Bell rings for Recitation, after which we study till one, when the Bell rings for Dinner. 1780E. Parkman Diary 9 Feb. (1899) 208 He has been absent from ye Recitations so long, that he ought to be one of ye first that returns at this Term. 1824W. N. Blaus Excursion 364 The ‘recitations’ mentioned, are examinations on the subject of the lecture of the preceding day. a1882J. Quincy Figures of Past (1884) 4 He took up his Livy to prepare for the last recitation that he could hope to attend.
4. attrib., as (sense 3) recitation-bench, recitation-method, recitation-room; (sense 2) recitation-music, recitation-note.
1887Lippincott's Mag. Aug. 293 A Freshman..never tires of inscribing his class numerals on *recitation-benches. 1949‘J. Nelson’ Backwoods Teacher 48 Likely-looking ones I placed on the table..beside the four, long, recitation benches.
1899W. James Talks to Teachers i. 4 Traditions of instruction..evolved from the older American *recitation⁓method.
1927Grove's Dict. Mus. (ed. 3) III. 371/2 A long series of ‘*Recitation Music’, i.e. compositions for piano intended to accompany the declamation of various well⁓known poems, was written by Stanley Hawley.
1844W. B. Heathcote Canticles p. iii, The first half of the verse is said on the *recitation-note G. 1850Helmore Man. Plain Song 6 This is set for G,..as the recitation-note of the Priest.
1827Harvard Reg. Sept. 202 We hurry to the Chapel, and then crowd to the *recitation room. 1844Emerson New Eng. Reformers Wks. (Bohn) I. 261 Shut up in schools, and colleges, and recitation-rooms for ten or fifteen years. 1899W. James Talks to Teachers xiv. 161 The flowing life of the mind is sorted into parcels suitable for presentation in the recitation-room.
Hence reciˈtationalism, the characteristics of the usual style of recitation; reciˈtationist, one who gives recitations.
1885E. C. Stedman in Century Mag. Feb. 512/1 The youth, who has heard this last of the recitationists deliver one of his poems [etc.]. 1890Pall Mall G. 18 Aug. 3/1 His delivery was admirable..without a taint of rant or recitationalism. |