| 释义 |
▪ I. frown, n.|fraʊn|
[f. next; but cf. the equivalent OF. froigne.]
1. A wrinkled aspect of the brow; a look expressive of disapprobation or severity, occas. of deep thought or perplexity. Also, the habit of frowning.
1605Shakes. Lear i. iv. 209 You are too much of late i' th' frowne. 1625in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 206 With one frown, divers of us being at White Hall to see her..she drave us all out of the Chamber. 1710Steele & Addison Tatler No. 253 ⁋8 May a Man knit his Forehead into a Frown. 1801Southey Thalaba i. viii, His brow in manly frowns was knit. 1863M. E. Braddon Eleanor's Vict. III. i. 3 The lawyer..walked away from his wife with a frown upon his face. 1872Darwin Emotions ix. 223 He encounters some obstacle in his train of reasoning..and then a frown passes like a shadow over his brow.
fig.1783Mason Du Fresnoy's Art Paint. 341 Beneath the frown of angry Heav'n..The guilty Empire sunk. 1808J. Barlow Columb. iii. 636 Ere darkness shroud you in a deeper frown.
2. A manifestation of disapprobation.
1581Mulcaster Positions v. (1887) 27 Dissuaded from the worse, by misliking and frowne. a1627Sir J. Beaumont Ausonius xvi. 33 Peruerting crimes he checkes with angry frownes. 1721–2Wodrow Suffer. Ch. Scotl. (1838) I. i. ii. §2. 112/1 To this no answer was given, but frowns. 1722De Foe Relig. Courtsh. i. iii. (1840) 104 The father's frowns are a part of correction. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 205 He tried the effects of frowns and menaces. Frowns and menaces failed. 1868E. Edwards Raleigh I. ix. 140 Ralegh..was still..under the frown of his royal mistress.
Hence ˈfrownful a., full of frowns; ˈfrownless a., devoid of frowns; ˈfrowny a., having a habit of frowning.
1771Langhorne Laurel & Reed 52 The murderer's burning cheek to hide, And on his frownful temples die. a1861Sir F. Palgrave (Ogilvie), Her frowny mother's ragged shoulder. 1890Univ. Rev. 15 June 262 Planted with virtues, frownless gravity And sober elegance.
▪ II. frown, v.|fraʊn|
Forms: 4–6 froun(e, (5 frownyn), 6–7 frowne, 4– frown.
[ME. froune, ad. OF. froignier, frongnier (mod.F. only in the compound refrogner), of obscure origin.]
1. intr. To knit the brows, especially by way of expressing displeasure or (less frequently) concentration of thought; to look sternly. Said also of the brow. † Also (rarely), to sneer.
c1386[see frowning ppl. a.] c1430Lydg. Min. Poems 17 Wiche ought of resone the devise to excuse To alle tho that wold ageyn it ffroune or musee. c1440Promp. Parv. 181/1 Frownyn wythe the nose, nasio. c1477Caxton Jason 52 He frowned in this wise and bote on his lippe a grete while. 1574Mirr. Mag., Sabrina xxix, When Fortune most doth smile: Then will she froune: she laughes but euen a while. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. iii. Wks. 1856 I. 32 Fortunes browe hath frown'd, Even to the utmost wrinkle it can bend. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 106 He ended frowning, and his look denounc'd Desperate revenge. 1777Sheridan Sch. Scand. A Portrait, She frowns no goddess, and she moves no queen. 1858Lytton What will he do ii. xii, Had I been your father, I should have taken alarm, and frowned. 1872Darwin Emotions ix. 223 A man who joined us, and who could not conceive what we were doing, when asked to listen, frowned much, though not in an ill temper.
b. Of inanimate things: To present a gloomy or threatening aspect.
1642Rogers Naaman 118 They saw the times to frowne and trouble to come. 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 480 And will you not bee in the like fear, when the Heavens frown above you? 1764Goldsm. Trav. 85 And though the rocky-crested summits frown. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho i, And sometimes frowned with forests of gloomy pine. 1839J. Yeowell Anc. Brit. Ch. i. (1847) 7 That wild architecture, whose gigantic stones..are still to be seen frowning upon the plains of Stonehenge. 1854J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) II. xv. 283 The cannon of the Prussians frowned along the rugged eminences of their left. 1868Milman St. Paul's i. 9 A rude Saxon temple may have frowned down from the height above the Thames.
2. To express disapprobation or unfriendliness by a stern look. Const. at, on, upon. Also in indirect passive.
1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 395 You are not the first upon whom fortune hath frowned. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. i. i. 194, I frowne vpon him, yet he loues me still. 1648Gage West Ind. iv. 13 Much were wee frowned at by the Dominicans our chiefest friends. 1709Addison Tatler No. 24 ⁋11 Frontlet not only looks serious, but frowns at him. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xix, Montoni frowned upon him. a1859Macaulay Hist. Eng. V. 152 That they should be..frowned upon at Kensington for not going farther.
b. attributed to inanimate objects.
1611Shakes. Wint. T. iii. iii. 6 The heauens with that we haue in hand, are angry, And frowne vpon 's. 1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) II. 32 Robat and Sallee seem to frown at each other across this fine river.
3. quasi-trans.
a. To drive or force with a frown away, back, down, off; also from, into (something).
1678Dryden All for Love ii. i, Ventidius fix'd his Eyes upon my Passage Severely, as he meant to frown me back. 1712Blackmore Creation 315 Despairing wretch, he'll frown thee from his throne. 1741Watts Improv. Mind i. iii. §2 Nor should such an enquiring temper be frowned into silence. c1800K. White Lett. (1837) 274 The fear of singularity frowns me into the concealment of it. 1805Byron To Dorset v, Peace, that reflection never frown'd away. 1806Webster in Scudder Life vi. (1882) 231, I will be neither frowned nor ridiculed into error. 1831Lytton Godolph. 66 You would not frown a great person like Lady Delville into affection for us. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge ii, And the cold black country seemed to frown him off. 1870Baldw. Brown Eccl. Truth 261 A new order of society in which..judges [should] no more frown down the poor.
b. To enforce, express, produce, etc. by a frown.
1775Sheridan Rivals Epil., She smiles preferment, or she frowns disgrace. 1798W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. XXV. 518 Among us, however, the present statue of the prophet would seem to frown restraint on levity and mirth. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. iii. (1894) 72 In 1861 the Schreckhorn..still frowned defiance upon all comers.
Hence † frowned ppl. a., covered with a frown; made to look frowning. Also ˈfrowner, one who frowns.
1598Florio, Inarcato, a frowned or scouled countenance. 1630R. Brathwait Eng. Gentlem. (1641) 138 Such..friends or acquaintance as are neither..Fawners nor Frowners. a1763Byrom Christ among Doctors 10 That meek old Priest, with placid Face of Joy, That Pharisaic Frowner at the Boy. 1872Darwin Emotions ix. 223 Some persons are such habitual frowners that the mere effort of speaking almost always causes their brows to contract. 1892Idler June 590 A handful of frowners against thirty million laughers! |