| 释义 |
▪ I. frist, n. Obs. exc. arch.
Forms: 1 first, fyrst, frist, 2–4 first(e, south. virst, (3 ferst, feorst, forst), 3–4 furst |y|, 3–5 fres(s)t, (4 freist), 4 friste, 5 fryst, 5– frist.
[OE. first, fyrst, frist masc. Cf. OFris. first, ferst neut., OS. frist, OHG. frist fem. (neut.) (MHG. vrist, Ger. frist fem.), ON. frest neut. pl. (fem. sing.).]
1. A space of time, time; a certain time.
Beowulf 134 Næs hit lengra fyrst. O.E. Chron. an. 918 Oþ þone first þe hie wurdon swiþe metelease. a1175Cott. Hom. 229 Furtie daȝen firste [he] ham mid wnede. c1205Lay. 12242 Wið innen ane ȝere, nes þer first na mare, iwrað þe king Gracien gumene forcuðest.
2. Delay, respite; also, a truce. to do in or a (= on) frist: to delay, procrastinate, give respite of. of frist or on frist: (Sc.) in the future, at a distance. to frist: on loan or credit.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 71 Ure deð he do in firste ȝet. c1200Moral Ode 38 Ne scholde nomon don a virst ne slakien wel to donne. a1300Cursor M. 19225 Þe penis..he broght, wit-vten frest. c1300Beket 890 For-to þe nexte daie we biddez furst. 1375Barbour Bruce ii. 277 At to morn, but langar frest, Ȝe sall isch furth. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 49 First of ten dayes were i-graunted. 14..Tundale's Vis. 60 He wold gyve dayes for his best But he sold the derur for the fryst. c1440Promp. Parv. 178/2 Freste, or to frest yn byynge or borowynge, mutuum. c1450How goode wif taught doughter 161 in Hazl. E.P.P. I. 191 Borow nought blethely, ne take nought frest. a1555Lyndesay Peder Coffeis 43 Ane dyvour coffe..Takis gudis to frist fra fremmit men. 1888Murray's Mag. Apr. 497 My time is short, my frist is o'er, and I have much to say.
attrib.1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 49 Þe firste dayes.
Proverb. (Sc.)c1565Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (1814) I. 238 All thir lordis war verrie blyth, thinking that all evil was guid of frist. 1808–80Jamieson s.v., All ills are good a frist.
▪ II. † frist, v. Obs.
Forms: see the n.
[f. the n.; cf. OFris. fersta, OHG. fristen, fristôn (MHG. vristen, mod.Ger. fristen), ON. fresta, (Sw. frista, Da. friste).]
1. intr. To delay, grant respite. Also to frist it.
a1225St. Marher. 15 Þæt ha ne firsten hit nawiht to schawen hit ischrifte. a1225Leg. Kath. 2331 Nawiht, King, ne kepe ich Þæt tu hit fir firsti. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 743 Þaȝ faurty forfete ȝet fryst I a whyle. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (1858) I. 162 Thairof wald delay no langar nor frist.
2. a. with dat. passing into trans. To grant delay to (a person); to respite. b. trans. To put off, delay (a thing); to postpone the enjoyment of.
a1225Leg. Kath. 2399 Þæt he, for his freolec firstede hire. 1340Ayenb. 173 And naȝt ne uerste uram daye to daye. 1570Satir. Poems Reform. xvi. 71 Thocht he be fristit at this tyme, He will not be forgeuin. 1637Rutherford Lett. clxxx. (1848) 345, I would frist heaven for many years.
3. trans.
a. To lend or give (a thing) on credit.
b. To give (a debtor) credit or time for payment.
c. To grant time for payment of (a debt).
c1440Promp. Parv. 178/2 Frestyn, or lende to freste. 1549Compl. Scot. xv. 124 Quhen I laubyr..be mecanik craftis, I am compellit to len and to fyrst it to my tua cruel briethr. 1632Rutherford Lett. lxxxix. (1848) 165 That debt is not forgiven, but fristed. 1637Ibid. cv. 202 Frist Christ; He is an honest debtor. Ibid. cclxvii. 527, I am content; my faith will frist God my happiness. 1691Ray N.C. Words, Frist, to trust for a Time.
absol.14..Rel. Ant. I. 316 Kype and save, and thou schalle have; Frest and leve, and thou schall crave.
Proverb.1718Ramsay Christis Kirke Gr. iii. iii, What aft fristed's no forgien. 1824Scott Redgauntlet ch. xi, What is fristed is not forgiven.
Hence ˈfristed ppl. a., ˈfristing vbl. n.
14..Tundale's Vis. 55 For frystyng wold he ocur take And nothyng leyn for Goddis sake. a1605Montgomerie Misc. Poems v. 45 Sen fristed goods ar not forgivin, Quhen cuppe is full, then hold it evin. 1637Rutherford Lett. ccxxvi. (1848) 443 A suspension and a fristing of my heaven. Ibid. ccxi. 413 Few know the pain and torment of Christ's fristed love.
▪ III. frist(e
obs. form of first. |