| 释义 |
‖ trichina Zool.|ˈtrɪkɪnə, trɪˈkaɪnə|
Pl. -æ. Also in anglicized form (or from Fr.) trichine.
[mod.L. Trichina (whence F. trichine), f. Gr. τρίχῐνος adj. ‘of hair’, f. θρίξ, τριχ- hair.]
A genus of minute parasitic nematoid worms; esp. the species T. spiralis, which infests man and various animals, the adult inhabiting the intestinal tract, and the larvæ migrating to and becoming encysted in the muscular tissue, causing trichinosis.
1835Trans. Zool. Soc. I. 323, I have seen in..the diseased muscle, groups of minute oblong vesicles..these may..be germs of the Trichina. 1858Copland Dict. Pract. Med. III. 1399 The Trichina having found a resting place, a cyst closely adhering to the tissues is formed round it. 1875tr. von Ziemssen's Cycl. Med. III. 651 To exterminate the rat is to exterminate trichinæ.
attrib.1857tr. Küchenmeister's Anim. & Veg. Parasites (Syd. Soc.) I. 351 The spot to which it reached during the trichina-life. [1865Even. Standard 12 Dec. 5/2 The trichine disease continues its ravages at Hadersleben.] 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 1051 Examination of the rats of different countries proves the extreme liability of this rodent to trichina infection. 1901Mem. & Lett. Sir J. Paget iii. 58 Epidemics of this trichina-fever.
Hence ˈtrichinal a., of or pertaining to the trichina (in quot. 1857 spec. the larva); triˈchinatous a. erroneous formation for trichinous; ‖ trichiniasis |trɪkɪˈnaɪəsɪs| [mod.L.: cf. elephantiasis] = trichinosis; ˈtrichinid, a worm of the family Trichinidæ; trichiniferous |trɪkɪˈnɪfərəs| a. [-ferous], containing or conveying trichinæ; trichinize |ˈtrɪkɪnaɪz| v., trans. to infect with trichinæ (hence ˌtrichiniˈzation, ˈtrichinized ppl. a.); trichinoid |ˈtrɪkɪnɔɪd| a., resembling or allied to Trichina.
1857tr. Küchenmeister's Anim. & Veg. Parasites (Syd. Soc.) I. 346 It is almost impossible to determine during the *Trichinal existence, to which of the two sexes the mature animal would belong. 1885A. W. Blyth in Leisure Hour Jan. 25/2 This ham..was discovered to be swarming with..trichinal cysts.
1870Nicholson Man. Zool. xxvi. I. 152 If..a portion of *trichinatous muscle be eaten by a warm-blooded vertebrate, and so introduced into the alimentary canal, an immediate development of young Trichinae is the result.
1854–67C. A. Harris Dict. Med. Terminol. s.v. Trichina, The disease..called *Trichiniasis or Trichina disease. 1871Sir T. Watson Lect. Princ. & Pract. Physic (ed. 5) II. 636 Within a month after the dinner 20 of these persons had died of, and more than 80 were then suffering from, ‘trichiniasis’.
1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 195 The eating of raw *trichiniferous pork is the chief cause of the propagation of the entozoon to man.
1864N. Syd. Soc. Year-bk. Med. 175 Experiments with picro-nitrate of potash on *trichinised rabbits. 1866Standard 19 Feb., The cat and the dog were both trichinised experimentally. |