| 释义 |
treenail, trenail, n.|ˈtriːneɪl, ˈtrɛn(ə)l|
Forms: 3–5 trenayl(e, 6 treenale, 7 trey naile, treenaile, tre-naile, tree-nell, 8 treenel, trenel, 7– treenail, trenail; β. 7–9 trennel, trunnel, (7–8 trunel, 8 trundle), 9 trennail.
[f. tree n. + nail n.
Some confusion seems to have existed between this word and trundle (small wheel or roller); cf. the trun- forms, and trundles in sense ‘cylindrical pins or staves forming teeth of lantern-wheel’.]
A cylindrical pin of hard wood used in fastening timbers together, esp. in shipbuilding and other work where the materials are exposed to the action of water.
1295Exch. Accts. Bundle 5. No. 21 (P.R.O.) [Accts. of building a galley at Lyme.] In loco ij. operariorum per ij. septimanas qui perforaverunt Galeam et imposuerunt trenayl..iiij. sol. In iij. miliariis de trenayl emptis vj. sol. et. ix. den. 1495Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 164 C di Tre nayles xijd. [1561–3in Rogers Agric. & Prices (1882) III. 414/2–4 Tree nails, 6 m. 30 inch {at} c 2/6... 15 m 16 inch {at} c 1/4... 6 c 24 inch {at} 2/-.] 1571Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) I. 361, iij houndrethe treenales viijd. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 4 The other parts of those plankes are made fast with good Tree-nailes and Trunnions of well seasoned timber. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 118 Trenails. 1861Smiles Engineers II. 39 note, Holes being bored through every piece of stone, one course was further bound to another by oak trenails. 1862M. Hopkins Hawaii 98 The English seamen seizing some wooden treenails, struck the natives with them. 1864Daily Tel. 30 July, The line was opened in 1854, and the chairs were then secured to the sleepers by Ransome's trenails.
βc1635N. Boteler Dial. Sea Services (1685), Trennels. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 22 The fastening of our Plank we perform with wooden Trunnels. 1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 39 The Plank..fasten'd to the Timbers..with Trennels or Pins of Wood. 1769Nat. Hist. in Ann. Reg. 100 note, Great square logs of pine, laid one upon another, and pinned together with oak trunels. 1776G. Semple Building in Water 95 These Belts are to be..pinned with Oak Trundles of about 3/4 Inch Diameter. 1828Cunningham N.S. Wales 67 Cargoes consisting of wool, skins,..trennails, and hides.
b. attrib.
1497Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 313, ij lode of Trenayle wode. 1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 110 Seventeenth in order stand the trenail-houses. For the year the expenditure in these houses was {pstlg}4,411 11s. 103/4d. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Tree-nail wedge, a cross is cut in the tree-nail end, and wedges driven in, caulked.
Hence ˈtreenail v., trans. to fasten or secure (timbers) with treenails. (Chiefly in pa. pple.)
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 14 All the plankes to be treenailed to the beames. 1633T. James Voy. 76 She was ready to be boulted and trenneld. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §38 The balks, in all their intersections with each other, trenailed together. 1834Gentl. Mag. CIV. i. 94/2 The timber head of a vessel,..built chiefly of oak timber, with some elm and fir, clinker built, and trunnelled. |