| 释义 |
▪ I. travelling, traveling, vbl. n.|ˈtrævəlɪŋ|
[f. travel v. + -ing1.]
a. The action of the verb travel; journeying.
1375Barbour Bruce ii. 283 Sen þai come owt off trawelling. 1382Wyclif Jer. xxix. 18 Wery trauailing to alle rewmes. a1568R. Ascham Scholem. (Arb.) 72 Disposed to prayse traueling, as a great commendacion. 1669R. Montagu in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 458 There has been so much snow that..there is no travelling for the post. 1738Chesterfield Common Sense No. 93 ⁋10 Travelling is, unquestionably, a very proper part of the education of our youth. 1847Helps Friends in C. i. vii. 112 Travelling is a great trial of people's ability to live together. 1875Ure Dict. Arts II. 538 The gas is said to bear travelling through this length of pipe very well.
b. attrib. = of travelling, as travelling accomplishment, travelling charge, travelling companion, travelling day, travelling expenses, travelling movement, travelling pace, travelling pay, travelling power, travelling propensity; esp. in sense ‘used, or adapted to be used, for or in travelling’, or ‘carried or taken with one when travelling’, as travelling album, travelling arms, travelling bag, travelling baroscope, travelling box, travelling cap, travelling carriage, travelling case, travelling chariot, travelling chest, travelling cloak, travelling clock, travelling commission, travelling cup, travelling dress, travelling equipage, travelling kitchen, travelling pistol, travelling rug, travelling suit, travelling trunk; travelling-cabinet, a small chest of drawers secured by outer doors so as to be safely portable on a journey: much used in 17th c. (Cent. Dict.); travelling-carriage, a strong carriage used for travelling before railways were introduced; travelling-couvert [F. couvert = cover n.1 7], ‘a set of table utensils..made to pack closely, for use in traveling’ (Cent. Dict.); travelling fellowship, scholarship, a fellowship or scholarship given to enable the holder to travel for purposes of study or research; travelling road Mining (see quot. 1883).
1748Richardson Clarissa Wks. 1883 V. 495 A price that is often paid for *travelling accomplishments.
1709Hearne Collect. 7 Mar. (O.H.S.) II. 174 Whose hand and signet I have in my *traveling Album.
1689in Acts Parlt. Scotl. (1875) XII. 52/1 To make use of horses and ordinary *travelling armes in the countrey.
1838C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron ii. 18 He..called the little boy who held the *travelling bag a ‘black-faced nigger’. 1862Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 6932 Dressing cases, travelling bags, and despatch boxes.
1669Boyle Contn. New Exp. xxii, The making of portable or *travelling baroscopes.
1835Willis Pencillings I. vii. 43 The *travelling-books caution against sleeping in the carriage while passing these marshes.
1726Swift Gulliver ii. v, Glumdalclitch setting down my *travelling box, I went out of it to walk.
1790Pennsylvania Packet 2 Jan. 4/2 (Advt.), Trimmings..for Gentlemens *Travelling Caps. 1859Jephson Britanny i, 1, [I] pull my travelling-cap over my eyes.
1798S. Lee Canterb. T., Yng. Lady's T. II. 385 [He] purchased a *travelling-carriage.
1744H. Purefoy Let. 26 Feb. (1931) I. 119, I desire you will send mee an allarum to pull up together with a *Travelling Case. 1895Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 257/2 Ladies' and men's toilet and traveling cases. 1984A. Price Sion Crossing iv. 48 He walked meekly to the nearest bench..tucking his travelling case beside him.
1618in J. Charnock Hist. Mar. Arch. (1801) II. 236 For *travelling charges to solicit for money.
1852Dickens Bleak Ho. xii, The *travelling chariot rolls on to the house.
1854E. B. Browning Ragged Schools London 1 If she shakes a *travelling cloak, Down our Appian roll the scudi. 1944A. Clarke Coll. Plays (1963) 245 A figure appears, tall and handsome, in travelling cloak with tricornered hat.
1860C. M. Yonge Hopes & Fears II. xii. 236 Phœbe was strongly tempted to answer, but the little *travelling clock struck. 1902R. Bagot Donna Diana ix, A travelling clock on the writing-table.
1726Swift Gulliver ii. iv, It was always in my *travelling closet.
1813P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 67 The *travelling companion who was bundled into the mail.
1844L. S. Costello Béarn & Pyrenees II. 88 In its snow-cold water I dipped my *travelling-cup.
1856Bonar Hymn, ‘I heard the voice of Jesus say’ iii, In that light of life I'll walk Till *travelling days are done.
1815J. Mayne Jrnl. Feb. (1909) xii. 282 We ran off, the instant we arrived, in our *travelling dresses, were in the theatre at eight o'clock. 1844J. T. J. Hewlett Parsons & W. xxiv, While Madeline was changing her travelling-dress.
1793J. Woodforde Diary 23 Oct. (1929) IV. 75 *Travelling Expenses..amounted in the whole—78.19.7. 1797F. Reynolds The Will iii. i, Suppose I try to get our travelling-expences out of him? 1907G. B. Shaw John Bull's Other Island i. 13 An advance on his salary—for travelling expenses. 1977D. Francis Risk xvii. 230 He'd invented travelling expenses to the races for horses which..had never left the yard.
1789J. Lewis' Mem. Dk. Glocester 87 note, [Dr. Radcliffe] also founded two *travelling Fellowships for young Physicians.
1782J. Adams Diary 26 July, I had on my *travelling gloves.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 423 The rack..for regulating the *travelling-movement of the spinning or any other machine, on a rope-walk.
1815Chron. in Ann. Reg. 57 Going over Uxbridge-common, at a regular *travelling pace.
1692Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) II. 401 On Friday next the persons belonging to the train for the descent enter into *travailling pay.
1782F. Burney Cecilia x. ii, My *travelling pistols were already charged.
1875Ure Dict. Arts II. 538 As to storage and *travelling power, Mr. Hastings..reports favourably.
1883Gresley Gloss. Coalmining, *Travelling road, an underground passage..used expressly..for men to travel along to and from their working places. 1911Act 1 & 2 Geo. V, c. 50 §49 A person shall not..travel or work in any travelling road or working place which is not so made secure.
1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 23 Apr. 18/3 (Advt.), Lost—*Travelling rug and overcoat, between Empress Hotel and the outer wharf. 1977C. McCullough Thorn Birds iii. 66 The big tartan traveling rugs all the suitcases bore on their outsides.
1911R. Brooke Let. 1 Mar. (1968) 282 Benians, of John's, is staying in Munich a week on his way round the world on one of these Kivet Kahn *Travelling scholarships. 1967E. Lemarchand Death of Old Girl i. 13 I'm certainly going to mention the art department's successes, especially Miss Cartmell's travelling scholarship.
1867A. J. Wilson Vashti xxvii, Elsie was waiting to clothe me in my *travelling-suit.
1779Mirror No. 17 ⁋13 A draw-bridge, which..exactly resembled the lid of a *travelling-trunk. 1854Rep. Trans. Pennsylvania State Agric. Soc. 97 Their very handsome riding saddle and russet traveling trunk. 1981Christian Sci. Monitor (Midwestern ed.) 12 Feb. b4 A ‘traveling trunk’ program, in which the institute sends out to schools actual trunks of touchable Texas gear.
Senses a and b in Dict. become 1 a and 2. Add: [1.] b. Basketball. Making two or more steps' progress while carrying the ball, in violation of the rules: see *travel v. 3 f.
1928Spalding's Athletic Libr. Official Basketball Guide: iv: Rules (verso front cover), Changes... Rule 7, Section 9—Words are inserted to sanction the use of the terms ‘traveling’ or ‘carrying the ball’ as applied to running with the ball. 1932W. L. Lambert Pract. Basketball 67 Players should be taught when making a stop after a dribble to set the stop foot or feet and then gather in the ball. This sort of teaching protects the players and the coach on strictest rule interpretation of traveling. 1957Encycl. Brit. III. 181/2 Running with the ball (travelling) is progressing in any direction in excess of prescribed limits while holding the ball. 1978N.Y. Times 29 Mar. b6/3 Foster indicated by his hands and arms that he thought a traveling violation should have been called on Kentucky. 1987Chicago Tribune 30 Jan. iv. 3/3 Jackson drove and appeared to have been fouled. Instead, he was called for traveling.
▪ II. ˈtravelling, traveling, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
1. a. That travels, or goes from place to place; journeying, itinerant; moving; also fig.
1375Barbour Bruce vii. 241 ‘A travalland man, dame’, said he, ‘Þat traualys heir throu þe cuntre’. c1420Anturs of Arth. li, These ij traueling men truly vppe thay take. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 2 §2 None other calling himself a Souldeour Shipman or travelyngman. 1605Shakes. Macb. ii. iv. 7 By th' Clock 'tis Day, And yet darke Night strangles the trauailing Lampe. 1619–20Archdeaconry of Essex Minutes lf. 241 (MS.) A travelinge or Wayfaringe woman. 1715Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) V. 80 The two travelling Physitians, that are to be Dr. Radcliffe's Fellows of University College. 1827Mackenzie Hist. Newcastle II. 723 note, Fire-engines,..there is a travelling tank attached. 1837H. Earle in Rep. Sel. Comm. Railw. Commun. 60 For the purpose of having a travelling post-office, that they could sort the letters as they went on. 1867F. Francis Angling i. (1883) 12 Stream fishing..with a travelling or tripping bait, with or without a float. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 254 Great hordes of travelling sheep laid waste a portion of the run.
b. spec. of a Methodist preacher: see travel v. 2 c.
1775F. Ashbury Jrnl. 6 Nov. (1821) I. 124 At this meeting we admitted F. P. T. F. and J. H—y as travelling preachers. 1789Wesley Wks. (1872) IV. 464, I had much satisfaction in this Conference;..conversing with between forty and fifty travelling Preachers. 1825Mem. Isab. Wilson 169 She came to reside..under the same roof as the Travelling Preachers near Wetherby. 1874E. Eggleston Circuit Rider xxvii. 252 The incessant activity of a traveling preacher's life.
c. Of plants: Creeping, or spreading by horizontal growth of the rootstock.
1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 569 A new plantation may be made every six or seven years, or oftener,..if their travelling roots should grow out of bounds. 1885Pall Mall G. 11 Feb. 5/1 To the number of curious plants,..a new specimen has lately been added which is described as the travelling plant. It is said to be of the lily of the valley species..and has a root formed of knots, by which it annually advances about an inch..from the place where the plant was first rooted.
d. Mech. Constructed to ‘travel’ or move in a fixed course, either in a circuit or to and fro, as a crane, a platform or side-walk, etc.
1834–47J. S. Macaulay Field Fortif. (1851) 70 To permit of a gun on a travelling carriage..being fired over the parapet. 1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 216 A novel mechanism adapted to the travelling-comb called the gill. 1862Catal. Internat. Exhib. II. x. 21 Travelling Crane, the traversing motion being worked from the crab. 1873Iron 5 July 23/3 Spier's Travelling Sidewalk. 1900Engineering Mag. XIX. 701 At the Paris Exposition... The traveling sidewalk..is here carried out on a far larger scale than ever before attempted... It forms a continuous connection between the main portions of the exposition.
e. Physics. travelling wave, a wave in which the nodes and antinodes travel (cf. standing wave s.v. standing ppl. a. 11 e); freq. attrib., as travelling wave tube, an electron tube in which a guided electromagnetic wave is amplified by interaction with a beam of electrons travelling at about the same velocity.
1908C. P. Steinmetz Gen. Lect. Electr. Engin. 273 Where a traveling wave is reflected, the combination of the reflected wave and the incoming wave produces a standing wave or oscillation, that is, a wave in which the voltage maxima and the zero points or nodes have fixed positions on the line. 1946Wireless World Nov. 371/3 The travelling wave tube..consists..of..a long and straight helix of wire supported in an evacuated glass envelope containing also an electron gun for producing an electron beam and a collector. 1963G. Troup Masers & Lasers (ed. 2) v. 66 For the travelling wave maser, the gain coefficient..is [etc.]. 1967Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. V. 25 A travelling wave is an essential feature of surge phenomena in the North Sea. 1974Traveling-wave tube [see plasma 6].
2. Special collocations. travelling exhibition; travelling circus, (a) a circus which travels from place to place giving performances; (b) Mil. slang: in the war of 1914–18, a mobile military unit; a squadron of aeroplanes (cf. circus 2 d); also fig.; travelling library, a library which is transported from place to place and serves remote rural communities, hospitals, etc.; a mobile library; travelling salesman = traveller, traveler 3; travelling salesman problem Math., the problem of determining the shortest route that passes through each of a set of given points once only and returns to the starting point; travelling stock Austral. and N.Z., livestock which is driven from place to place; freq. in Comb., as travelling stock road, travelling route; travelling stock reserve, land decreed as stock-routes; cf. stock-route s.v. stock n.1 63.
1883Harper's Mag. June 137/1 The travelling circus..had journeyed on and left her. 1917[see circus 2 d]. 1919F. A. McKenna Battery A—103rd Field Artillery in France 36 Field Marshal Von Hindenburg's troops, nicknamed by the Yanks, ‘The Traveling Circus’, composed of the famous Prussian Guards and picked Turkish storm troops, were reported in the sector opposite. 1946Happy Landings (Air Ministry) July 1/1 Among the latest exhibits added to the Directorate's ‘travelling circus’ are components from a Sabre engine. 1974G. Mitchell Javelin for Jonah xi. 137 He had been with a travelling circus for some time, but they dismissed him.
1937Discovery Aug. 236/1 A travelling exhibition which will penetrate into the remotest country districts. 1977J. R. L. Anderson Death in City vi. 87 Bringing ‘Pictures to the People’ in the form of travelling exhibitions.
1910A. E. Bostwick Amer. Public Library 108 Traveling libraries are simply collections of books sent to communities, associations, or individuals for circulation. 1960Library Assoc. Rec. Aug. 262/2 Travelling Library, a vehicle of small size..shelved or otherwise equipped to provide a rural service to villages and isolated farms and houses. 1982H. Innes Black Tide v. i. 220 The Mabinogion... She'd got it from the travelling library.
1885South Florida Sentinel (Orlando) 1 July 3/3 The popular traveling salesman..will leave in a few days. 1954Jrnl. Operations Res. Soc. Amer. II. 393 Little is known about the traveling-salesman problem. 1960G. A. W. Boehm New World Math. 114 Equally exasperating is the traveling salesman problem, with which a good many mathematicians have wrestled unsuccessfully for more than twenty years. 1978I. B. Singer Shosha v. 105 Baskets and boxes accumulated from the time Zelig was a traveling salesman. 1979Page & Wilson Introd. Computational Combinatorics iv. 79 These are very interesting paths and circuits as they can be generalised into the well-known ‘travelling salesman’ problem.
1891R. Wallace Rural Econ. Austral. & N.Z. xxvi. 364 Should the land [of a sheep station] be mountainous or a travelling-stock road pass through it, the numbers [of employees] require to be increased. 1930L. G. D. Acland Early Canterbury Runs 1st Ser. viii. 196 There was a travelling stock reserve there, and it was in the hut belonging to it that the man was murdered. 1977C. McCullough Thorn Birds vi. 120 There was an official Travelling Stock Route or TSR winding its way near the Barwon River. |