| 释义 |
formally, adv.|ˈfɔːməlɪ|
[f. formal a. + -ly2. (Cf. formly.)]
1. In formal respects; as regards form.
a. Metaph. (see form n. 4 a, formal A. 1 a): With regard to, or by virtue of, the form or distinctive essence. Also in Logic: With regard to the form, as opposed to the matter of reasoning.
1570Dee Math. Pref. 13 But formally, Number, is the Vnion, and Vnitie of Vnits. 1581E. Campion in Confer. iv. (1584) B bj, When..the Iewes were commanded to steale from the Egyptians, it was in the act theft, but not formally theft. 1678Gale Crt. Gentiles iii. 32 Neither..that God doth properly move to sin simply and formally taken, or sin as sin. 1685Baxter Paraphr. N.T. 1 Cor. xi. 23–4 The same thing which is materially Gold and Silver, may formally be the King's Coyn..or a badge of Honour..[etc.]. 1697tr. Burgersdicius' Logic i. xxvi. 106 Words..are said to be taken materially when for themselves; formally, when for the things by them signified. 1713Smallridge Serm. (1724) 331 The heathen and the Christian may agree in the material acts of charity; but that which formally makes this a Christian grace, is the spring from which it flows. 1864Bowen Logic ii. 24 Hence what is formally correct may be materially false. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant ii. vi. 295 A judgment is formally right when its predicate is contained in the conception of the subject; formally wrong when it is not.
b. With regard to form or outline.
1868Swinburne Ess. & Stud. (1875) 360 His..painting is..the faultless..expression of an exclusive worship of things formally beautiful.
†c. In outward appearance, seemingly. Obs.
1602Warner Alb. Eng. xii. lxxiv. (1612) 305 The gentle⁓woman (formally then modest) blushing, said. 1608Middleton Mad World iv. iv, The very devil assum'd thee formally; That face, that voice. 1649Ball Power of Kings 7 Even so there is..an Act, or Being Really just, and seemingly or formally just..which may be in itself unjust.
†2. In good form:
a. In good order, style, or method.
b. Handsomely. Obs.
c1400Beryn 3457 He reportid the tale riȝt formally. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. IV (an. 14) 32 b, This kyng was of a mean stature wel proporcioned and formally compact.
†3. According to the principles of art or science.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. v. xi, All the eyght partes..Are Laten wordes, annexed properly To every speche, for to speke formally. 1597Morley Introd. Mus. Pref., Any of but meane capacitie..may..perfectly learn to sing, make discant, and set partes well and formally togither.
b. According to logical form; hence, † logically, convincingly.
c1526Frith Disput. Purgat. (1829) 112 Therefore this argument holdeth not formally. 1548Gest Pr. Masse 89 If thys be formallye argued..then it argueth etc.
†4. Regularly:
a. In the ordinary or proper way.
b. ‘As a rule’; under normal circumstances.
c. With exact correspondence. Obs.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 237 When they [horses] came to hand to lay upon their backs a little boy flat on his belly; and afterward to make him sit upon him formally, holding him by the head. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 9 The entering Ladder is in the Waist, made formally of wood. 1674Playford Skill Mus. iii. 13 What Cords have held good in this ascending and descending of the Bass, answer in the contrary by the very same rule, though not so formally as the other.
5. Explicitly, expressly.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 19 b, Though the gyftes of the holy goost speketh not formally all these wordes before sayd. a1600Hooker (J.), You and your followers do stand formally divided against the authorised guides of the church, and the rest of the people. 1682Norris Hierocles Pref. 28 Though this be not formally intended by the Agent. 1765Blackstone Comm. (1793) 48 Though perhaps in no instance it has ever been formally expressed at the first institution of a state. 1841Myers Cath. Th. iii. xx. 3 A book of Maxims and of Precepts everywhere formally didactic. 1853C. Brontë Villette xxxvii, I cannot say that Paulina..formally proposed to herself the task of winning him to reflection.
†b. In identical form. Obs.
1682Case Prot. Eng. 8 All the Profits..are to be refunded if they be extant and found among their Goods, formally, or but so much as equivalently.
6. In prescribed or customary form; with the formalities required to give validity or definiteness to the action; in set form, statedly.
1564Child Marriages (E.E.T.S.) 135 This deponent made a certen note of her Will..and after she was dede, this examinant made it formallie. 1597Warner Alb. Eng. viii. xli. 200 At length at full and formally he courted her for grace. 1634–5Brereton Trav. (Chetham Soc.) 9 They..the wife and husband..conclude formally in writing..that the longest liver take all. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2319/3 The place was not to be formally besieged, but by a numerous Army. 1741–2H. Walpole Lett. H. Mann (1834) I. xxi. 86 Waller was to have been the other but has formally refused. 1838Thirlwall Greece V. xxxviii. 63 He was now formally accused by Iphicrates. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. v. 40, I formally took up my position there.
7. With formality of manner, ceremoniously.
c1611Chapman Iliad iii. 239 He stood a little still..His sceptre moving neither way, but held it formally, Like one that vainly doth affect. 1697Collier Ess. Mor. Subj., Pride (1703) 26 To be stiff and formally reserved, as if the Company did not deserve our Familiarity. 1800E. Hervey Mourtray Fam. IV. 66 Courtesying formally, she abruptly left her.
8. As a matter of form.
1870Rogers Hist. Gleanings Ser. ii. 235 Convocation..never met, except formally, for near a century. |