| 释义 |
forgo, forego, v.|fə-, fɔəˈgəʊ|
Pa. tense for-, forewent. Pa. pple. for-, foregone. Forms: see go.
[OE. forgán, -gangan, f. for- prefix1 + gán, gangan: see go.]
†1. intr. To go away, go past, pass away. Obs.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. v. 18 Enne pricle..ne forgæs from ae wið ða huile alle sie. a1300Cursor M. 6264 (Cott.) Þe see on aiþer side þam stod Als walles tua, quils þai for yod. 1563Sackville Induct. Mirr. Mag. xlix, And fast by him pale Malady was plac'd: Sore sick in bed, her colour all foregone.
†2. trans. To go by, pass over. lit. and fig. Hence, to leave alone or undone, neglect, overlook, slight. Obs. exc. arch.
c1000ælfric Hom. (Th.) I. 92 Seðe þis forgæið his sawul losað. c1000― Exod. xii. 23 He [Drihten] forᵹæþ þæs huses duru. a1300Cursor M. 25344 (Cott.) Grant vs þi maght..to luue vr euen cristen sua þat we þair lastes ma forga. a1500Trevisa's Barth. de P.R. (1535) vi. xvi, He [the euyll seruant] forgeth [1398 forgendreþ] all his lordes nedes, and leaueth them vndone. 1858Buckle Civiliz. (1869) II. i. 29 He..never..allowed the claims of his profession to make him forego the superior claims of his country.
†3. To avoid, elude. Obs. rare—1.
c1305Edmund Conf. 301 in E.E.P. (1862) 79 Þer lurnede þis holi man..þe deueles poer forgon.
†b. To overreach, deceive. Obs. rare—1.
1382Wyclif Col. Prol. 429 Thei weren forgon of false apostlis.
4. To go from, forsake, leave. Obs. exc. arch.
a1300Cursor M. 17012 (Gött.) Mannes saul..wold neuer if it might þe bodi self forga. c1340Ibid. 13280 (Trin.) Petur and andrew..wiþ o word haue þei ship forgone. 1530Palsgr. 556/1 Shall I forgo your company nowe. 1622Callis Stat. Sewers (1647) 191 When D. was Banished, he then forewent his local Habitation. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. iv. 46 When to ripen'd Manhood he shall grow, The greedy Sailer shall the Seas forego. 1725Pope Odyss. xii. 450 Vengeance, ye Gods! or I the skies forego. 1821Wordsw. Sonn., Clerical Integrity, Their altars they forego, their homes they quit. 1844Mrs. Browning Catarina to Camoens iv, And if they looked up to you, All the light which has forgone them Would be gathered back anew.
5. To abstain or refrain from (some action or procedure). Rarely with to and inf. as object.
a1000Laws Cnut §85 in Thorpe Anc. Laws I. 424 Þæt he..smeaᵹe..hwæt him sy to donne & to forganne. 1297R. Glouc. (1724) 290 Þys god man Seyn Dunston Hatede muche to crouny hym, ȝyf he yt myȝte ver gon. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) xviii, Vnnethe he myȝte forgoe to wepe. 1587Turberv. Trag. T. (1837) 9 The Authour here declareth the cause why hee..forewent the translation of the learned Poet Lucan. 1768Beattie Minstr. ii. xlvi, Then jarring appetites forego their strife. 1842Pusey Crisis Eng. Ch. 72 We forewent much which any of us might have desired to do. 1860Hawthorne Transform. xv, He had foregone to be a Christian reality. 1871Freeman Hist. Ess. Ser. i. x. 313 We forego any comparison between the two men.
absol.1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xxxiv, Chieftains, forego! I hold the first who strikes my foe.
6. To abstain from, go without, deny to oneself; to let go or pass, omit to take or use; to give up, part with, relinquish, renounce, resign.
a1175Cott. Hom. 221 Forgang þu ones treowes westm. a1225Ancr. R. 8 Fleschs forgon oþer visch. c1400Melayne 307 Bid hym hawkes & houndes forgoo, And to dedis of armes hym doo. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iv. 3 No greate pleasure shoulde be foregone thereby. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. v. viii. 9, I am vnarm'd, forgoe this vantage, Greeke. 1653Milton Hirelings Wks. (1847) 435/1 Though Paul were pleas'd to forgo his due, and not to use his Power..yet he had a Power. 1714Gay Trivia iii. 300 Ah hapless Swain..Canst thou forgo Roast-Beef for nauseous Pills? 1748Hartley Observ. Man ii. iii. 343 The Pleasures are to be foregone, and the Pains accepted. 1828E. Irving Serm. I. p. liv, Whatever He..forewent of infinite glory..is to be placed to the account of mankind. 1848Kingsley Saint's Trag. ii. iv, Wear but one robe the less—forego one meal. 1849M. Arnold New Sirens, Those slackened arms forgo The delight of death-embraces.
†7. To go without (compulsorily), to be without; to miss, lack. Obs. rare.
a1300Cursor M. 3443 (Cott.) His wijf þat lang had child for-gane Now sco bredes tua for ane. c1340Ibid. 23292 (Trin.) Mercy shul þei euer forgoon. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxxii. 147 Alssone as þai forga þe smell of þam þai dye. a1400–50Alexander 188 And gett agayn his awyn gronde at he forgais nowe.
†b. To let go (involuntarily), lose, forfeit. Obs.
c1205Lay. 22130 Alc mon þe his lond hafde for-gan. c1491Chast. Goddes Chyld. 9 Hem thynken oftymes that they maye neuer forgoo the likyng that they haue. 1587Golding De Mornay xxvi. 395 He had sodainly forgone his sight, which was afterward restored againe.
absol.c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. liv. Þere shal be plente of all good wiþoute drede of lesyng or forgoyng.
†8. Only in pa. pple.: Exhausted with going, wearied, faint. Also, faint with emotion. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 3527 (Cott.) Quen he al weri was forgan Ham he tok his wai o-nan. 13..Coer de L. 5472 Myn [horses] ar wery and forgon. c1330Amis & Amil. 1054 Than seighe he a weri knight forgon, Vnder a tre slepeand alon. c1384Chaucer H. Fame i. 115 He that wery was for-go On pilgrimage myles two. 1597T. Beard Theat. Gods Judgem. (1612) 350 The poor slave, all forgone at this..ouglie sight, looked everie minute to be devoured.
Hence forˈgoing vbl. n.; forˈgone ppl. a. Also forˈgoer, one who forgoes (something).
1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Col. ii. 12 After suche forgoyng of your bodyes, which were thral to sinne. 1611Cotgr., Abandonneur..forgoer. 1627Sanderson Serm. I. 268 They chuse to be still ignorant, rather than hazard the forgoing of any part of that freedom. 1736Butler Anal. i. v. Wks. 1874 I. 93 The voluntary foregoing many things which we desire. 1828Webster, Foregoer, one who forbears to enjoy. Ibid., Foregone, forborne to be possessed or enjoyed. |