| 释义 |
transactional, a.|trɑːnˈzækʃənəl, træn-, -nˈs-|
[f. prec. + -al1; cf. F. transactionnel (Littré).]
a. Of, pertaining to, of the nature of, or involving a transaction; taking place in fact or reality.
1858Bushnell Serm. New Life 94 A relation wholly transactional. 1894Thinker V. 155 The transactional revelation of principles and forces which are essential and eternal.
b. Theol.: see transaction 3 c.
1901Moberly Atonement & Personality ix. 218 What the thought of the present day would sum up as the ‘transactional’ theory of the atonement. 1901Sanday Life Christ in rec. Res. v. ix. (1907) 244 The ‘transactional’ theory [of the Atonement]. 1905Speaker 4 Feb. 440/2 The Atonement understood in an entirely forensic or ‘transactional’ sense.
c. Psychol. Relating to or involving interpersonal or social communication viewed as transactions of attitude between the participants; spec. in transactional analysis, psychotherapeutic analysis based on the attitudes revealed in such transactions (esp. those of parent, adult, and child); abbrev. T.A. (see T 6 a); hence transactional analyst.
1961E. Berne (title) Transactional analysis in psychotherapy. Ibid. 12 Transactional analysis, the social aspect of structural analysis, reveals several different types of ‘crossed transactions’. 1969T. A. Harris I'm OK—You're OK i. 13 Transactional Analysis is the method of examining this one transaction..and determining which part of the multiple-natured individual is ‘coming on’. Ibid. 15 Transactional Analysts claim to have found some of these regularities [of language]. 1976Listener 5 Feb. 141/3 Discussing Basil Fawlty in terms of transactional analysis: as to whether, at certain times, Basil was behaving as a parent, or as a child.
Hence tranˈsactionalist, one who believes in a theory of social transactions; also attrib.; tranˈsactionally adv., by means, or by way of a transaction; practically.
1865Bushnell Vicar. Sacr. iv. i. (1868) 452 The object is to give him a lesson transactionally. 1874― Forgiven. & Law 59 Is it true that God must be gained or tempered transactionally, that is by acts in time, in order to the letting forth of grace upon his enemies? 1972R. E. Ornstein Psychol. of Consciousness ii. 32 (heading) The transactionalists. Ibid. 37 Some of the most relevant psychological experiments have been performed by Jerome Bruner and by the transactionalist group. 1977P. Johnson Enemies of Soc. xv. 202 Then there is a series of schools, associated with the Americans H. S. Becker and Edwin Lemert, known variously as social-control theorists, social-reaction theorists, transactionalists or labelling theorists. |