| 释义 |
▪ I. fond, n.
Also 7, 9 fonds, 8 fonde. Now only as an alien word, pronounced |fɔ̃|.
[a. F. fond, fonds:—OF. fonz, fons (see founce).
The word became fully naturalized in the 17th c. In the 18th c. it was superseded in ordinary use by fund, which is a refashioned form after L. fundus. Subsequently, however, the F. word frequently appears (usually in italics) in Eng. writers. In F., the forms fond and fonds, formerly used indiscriminately, are now differentiated in sense; but Eng. writers often use the wrong form.]
1. Foundation, ground, groundwork (in various applications). (In Fr. now written fond.)
1664Evelyn tr. Freart's Archit. 141 All sorts of precious Marbles..cut and lay'd into a fonds or ground of black-Marble. 1665Sir P. Warwick in Evelyn's Mem. (1819) II. 162 The present Prizes..being a better fond of credit. 1704Swift T. Tub iv. 93 This Grandeur.. could not be maintained without a better Fonde than what he was born to. 1825Jeffrey in Edin. Rev. Aug. 429 But the fonds of the character is the same. 1844Thackeray in Fraser's Mag. Feb. 155/2 The spirits are for the most part artificial, the fond is sadness. 1867Lowell Lett. (1894) I. 394 There is no early French literature of any value in which the Teutonic blood did not supply the fond.
b. Lace-making. (See quots.)
1882Caulfield & Saward Dict. Needlework, Fond, Identical with Champ, Entoilage, and Treille, terms by which the groundwork of lace..is distinguished from the Toilé, or pattern, which it surrounds and supports. These grounds are divided into Fonds Claire, Brides Claire, and Brides Ornées. The Fonds Claire include the Réseau or net patterned grounds and varieties of the same.
2. A source of supply, stock, store or stores. Obs. in material sense. (In Fr. now fonds.)
1685Dryden Albion & Albanus Pref., Here, therefore, if they will Criticise, they shall do it out of their own Fond. 1704Swift T. Tub vii. 142 Some new Fonde of Wit should, if possible, be provided. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 92 The Juices of Plants are one of the richest Fonds of Physick. 1872Mrs. Oliphant Ombra I. ii, Kate herself was not indifferent to the fond of appreciation thus secured to her.
†3. A stock or sum of money, esp. one set apart for a particular purpose; pecuniary means, revenues. (In Fr. now fonds.) Obs.
1673Temple Observ. United Prov. Wks. 1731 I. 38 This Fond being not sufficient in Times of War, is supplied by the States with whatever more is necessary from other Fonds. 1690Will. III. Sp. Parl. 25 Nov. in Lond. Gaz. No. 2613/1 The Civil Government, which has no Fonds for its Support. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. p. cxi, The want of any Fonds to support the Charge of such Office.
†4. A sum of money, a stock of goods, or amount of revenues, serving as a security for specified payments. (In Fr. now fonds.) Obs.
1677Chas. II. in Marvell Growth Popery 39 Without the sum Six hundred thousand pounds, or Credit for such a sum, upon new Fonds. a1687Petty Pol. Arith. x. (1691) 114 Making a Fond of such value, to be security for all Commodities. 1693Mem. Ct. Teckely i. 47 The Princess..had seized the fonds whereupon the Pension of their Ministers was assigned. 1714Lond. Gaz. No. 5260/4 Debts..secur'd by Judgment, Statute, Recognizance, Fond, or Specialty.
†5. Printing = fount. Obs.
1678Phillips, Fond or Fund..Among Letter-founders, a parcel of Printing Letters, as many as are Printed at a time.
▪ II. fond, a. and n.2|fɒnd|
Forms: 4 fonned, -yd, 5 fonnet, 5– fond, 5–7 fonde, 9 Sc. and dial. font.
[ME. fonned, f. fon v. + -ed1.]
A. adj. (orig. ppl. a.).
†1. That has lost its savour; insipid; sickly-flavoured. Obs. exc. dial.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 57 Ȝif þe salt be fonnyd it is not worþi. 1388― Prol. x. 31 He is seid fonned salt, not prophitable to eny thing. 1784Cullum Hist. Hawsted 171 Fond, faint or fulsome; applied to smell or taste. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Fond, luscious; fulsome; disagreeably sweet, in taste or in smell.
2. Infatuated, foolish, silly. Since 16th c. the sense in literary use has been chiefly: Foolishly credulous or sanguine. In dialects the wider sense is still current. Cf. fonned ppl. a.
a1340Hampole Psalter Cant. 523 Sho ioyed not..in vanytes of þis lyfe as our fonnyd maydyns dos now. 1388Wyclif Exod. xviii. 18 Thou art wastid with a fonned trauel. a1400–50Alexander 5513 A fonned fantasy þan fell in his hert. c1460Towneley Myst. 199 This fond foylle. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 63 b, And suche communly be as dotrelles, whiche is a fonde byrde. 1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 241 He yat is young thinketh the olde man fond. 1650Fuller Pisgah ii. xii. 250 Never more to fright Children with fond tales of Bug-bears. 1681Glanvill Sadducismus Ded., I am not fond enough to phancy any Art..to recommend it. a1703Burkitt On N.T. Heb. xi. 22 To dig mens' bones out of their graves, to enshrine them..is fond and ridiculous. a1748Watts Improv. Mind ii. iii. §8, I am not so fond as to think I have [etc.]. 1798W. Hutton Autobiog. 36 Seized with a fond fit of farming, I took the place into my own hands. 1831Carlyle Sart. Res. ii. ii. (1872) 65 Writing from the abundance of his own fond ineptitude. 1832Hare in Philol. Mus. I. 247 An attempt to settle its age cannot with any justice be censured as a fond waste of time in mere literary trifling. 1847–8H. Miller First Impr. viii. (1857) 129 Evangelistic Dissent was fond enough to believe the cause a common one. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Fond, foolish, weakminded.
quasi-adv.1601Shakes. All's Well i. iii. 76 Fond done, done fond, was this King Priams ioy.
3. In stronger sense: Idiotic, imbecile, mad; also, dazed. † With to: Mad for. Obs. exc. dial.
c1400Destr. Troy 6182 The pepull of Poyem..were fond to the fight. 1483Cath. Angl. 137/1 Fonde, arepticius, astrosus. 1640Durh. Vestry Bks. (Surtees) 303 For puttinge fond Allye's child to nursinge..is. 4d. 1781J. Hutton Tour to Caves Gloss., Fond, silly, stupid like an ideot. 1876Mid-Yorksh. Gloss., Fond, silly. ‘I'd a dizziness in my head that turned me fair fond.’
†4. Of things: Valued only by fools, trifling, trivial. Obs.
1603Shakes. Meas. for M. ii. ii. 149 Ile bribe you..Not with fond Sickles of the tested gold. 1645Ussher Body Div. (1647) 239 When we sweare by..bread, salt, fire, and many fond trashes.
5. a. Of persons, their actions and attributes: Foolishly tender; over-affectionate, doting. In later use without reproachful sense: Affectionate, loving, tender.
1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 106 A cooling Carde for Philautus and all fond louers. 1641Hinde J. Bruen x. 34 Fond affection without moderation. 1749Wesley Wks. (1872) XIII. 162 A loving husband is a very amiable character. A fond one I think is not so. 1759Robertson Hist. Scot. I. 10 A hero to whom the fond admiration of his country-men hath ascribed many fabulous acts of prowess. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxii, I called up the many fond things I had to say. 1816J. Wilson City of Plague i. iii. 60 She..in the light Of her fond parents' love was fostered. 1854Mrs. Oliphant Magd. Hepburn III. 285 Ritchie is fond, and loves to see me fair arrayed.
b. Of opinions, sentiments, etc.: Cherished or entertained with strong or unreasoning affection.
1635N. R. Camden's Hist. Eliz. (an. 21). ii. 200 Don John..resigned his fond ambition. 1683Soame & Dryden tr. Boileau's Art of Poetry iv. 63 In vain their fond Opinions you deride, With their lov'd Follies they are satisfy'd. 1750Carte Hist. Eng. II. 337 Edward's..fond opinion of his own capacity. 1842Abdy Water Cure (1843) 212 A practice which..holds out a hope of giving an enduring reality to his fondest wishes. 1871Macduff Mem. Patmos ix. 112 To defraud His servant of his fond expectation. 1872Ruskin Eagle's Nest §121 Children..Bred..by their parents, in the fond poverty of learning.
6. Const. of (formerly † on): Having strong affection or liking for (a person or thing, a pursuit, etc.).
1590Shakes. Mids. N. ii. i. 266 He may proue More fond on her, then she vpon her loue. 1601Holland Pliny I. 231 The she Apes..are wonderous fond of their little ones. 1615Latham Falconry (1633) 32 Many Hawks..grow fond on them or him that doe..bring them vp. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. ii. (1845) 175 So fond of the Sun. 1754Richardson Grandison I. xii. 68, I am fond of talking to this young Lady. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) V. 294 They feed upon all sorts of grain, but are fondest of millet-seed. 1801Strutt Sports & Past. i. i. 4 ædgar..was extremely fond of the sports of the field. 1833H. Martineau Berkeley the Banker i. ix. 169 Lewis has made his uncle and aunt very fond of him already.
†b. With of: Possessed with admiration for, proud of. Obs.
1702Rowe Tamerl. Ded., There is no part in your Lordship's Character but what the World would be fond of. 1754Richardson Grandison I. i. 3 He is a vain creature you know, and seemed fond of what he had written.
†7. Eager for (some object), desirous of, or strongly inclined to (an action). Const. of. Obs.
1552Huloet, Fonde or desierous. 1594Shakes. Lucr. 134 Those that much couet are with gaine so fond. 1666Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872–5 II. liv. 191 The redemption of the chimney money at eight years purchase we are very fond of. 1689Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) I. 604 Many persons have blamed duke Schonberg for not fighting the Irish army, which our men seem'd so fond of. 1719De Foe Crusoe (1840) I. xx, They would be fond of buying it. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) I. 16 The man was not fond of marrying at all. 1760Goldsm. Cit. W. cxi, People are naturally fond of going to paradise at as small expense as possible. 1772Foote Nabob iii. (1778) 63, I fancy he will not be very fond of prolonging his visit. 1779Burke Corr. (1844) II. 256 Sentiments which no being in human form could..be fond of owning.
b. With to and inf. (rarely with that): Having a liking, eager, glad to (do something). Now rare.
All the examples in 19th c. and nearly all those in late 18th c. are from Scottish writers.
1546J. Heywood Prov. (1867) 3 Both these, for loue to wed with me fond are. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1582/2, I find no great cause I should be fond to liue. 1695Blackmore Pr. Arth. i. 738 They all seem fond to wear the Martyr's Crown. 1734Watts Reliq. Juv. (1789) 106 We are so fond to appear always in the right. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) V. 376 Nor could I be fond that they should see you. 1766Goldsm. Double Transform. 53 Fond to be seen, she kept a bevy Of powdered coxcombs at her levy. 1769Robertson Chas. V, VI. vi. 59 They are fond to interpret it as an omen of the bloody war that followed. 1826Literary Souvenir 198 The bravest of the two is fond to whistle, that he may keep up the courage of his comrade. 1883Blackie in 19th Cent. Apr. 607 ‘The year of Charlie’, as the Highlanders are fond to call it.
8. Comb., as fond-blind, fond-conceited, fond-hardy, fond-like, fond-sparkling adjs.; fond plough = fool-plough: see fool n. 6.
1594Barnfield Affect. Sheph. ii. xxiv. (Arb.) 16 Be thou *fond-blinde..Thou are my Loue.
1590Greene Orl. Fur. Wks. (Rtldg.) 109/1 Follower of *fond-conceited Phaeton.
1659Torriano, Corrivo..*fond-hardie.
1632Brome Northern Lass ii. ii, Mine Vncle and he fell on other talke, of Lords and Ladies, and many *fond-like things. 1889Barrie Window in Thrums xix, But she saw 'at he laid it on the fire fell fond-like.
1788W. Marshall Yorksh. Gloss., *Fond-plufe. 1831Howitt Seasons (1854) 43 The custom of the..Fond Plough.
1786Burns Yon wild mossy Mountains vi, But kindness..in the *fond-sparkling e'e, Has lustre outshining the diamond to me.
†B. absol. and n. A foolish person, a fool.
1519W. Horman Vulg. 19 It is vnlucky with fondis to do on the lyft sho first. 1575Churchyard Chippes (1817) 45 The fond will read awhile, but cares for nought.
▪ III. † fond, v. Obs.
Also 6 fonde.
[f. fond a.]
1. intr. To play the fool; to become foolish.
1530Exam. W. Thorpe in Foxe A. & M. (1563) 164/2 And the clarke sayde. I fonded, and that I sayde not truthe. Ibid. Thou wouldest make vs to fonde with the. a1541Wyatt 7 Penit. Ps. Poet. Wks. (1861) 208 The sword shall pierce the heart of such that fonds.
2. Const. on, over, upon. To entertain a fond or foolish affection for; to dote upon. Also simply, to display fondness.
1530Palsgr. 553/2, I fonde, or dote upon a thyng for inordynate love. 1567Turberv. Ovid's Epist. 154 Whilst thou..did fonde on Phyllis. 1590T. Fenne Frutes i. 53 Immoderately fonding over wife, sonne, daughter. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. ii. 35 My master loues her deerely, And I (poore monster) fond asmuch on him.
3. trans. To make a fool of; to befool.
1540R. Hyrde tr. Vives' Instr. Chr. Wom. i. xvi. S i b, They dote and fonde [L. dementant] good yonge men. a1547Surrey æneid iv. 489 Did I not him..fonded [demens] eke invest Of halfe my realme? 1566Drant Horace's Sat. iv. B viij, Love of goods, or love of rule doth fonde him now and then. 1567― Horace's Epist. i. C iij, Such follye fondes a man and fondly makes him roue.
4. To show fondness for; to caress, fondle.
1676Dryden Aurengz. iv. i, Howe'r unjust your jealousie appear..I'll fond it, as the froward Child of Love. 1697― æneid i. 962 The Tyrian hugs, and fonds thee on her breast.
b. To beguile; also to beguile to (disaster).
1627–77Feltham Resolves i. xxvi. 45 The Meretricious world claps our cheeks, and fonds us to a cozening fail. 1682Southerne Loyal Brother 11, My poor heart Would fain be fonded with the hopes of rest.
Hence ˈfonded ppl. a., (a) deluded, foolish; (b) fondly loved. ˈfonding vbl. n., fondness.
1566Drant Horace's Sat. ii. B b, They, the sillye fonded fooles, Do feaste him. 1665R. B. Comment on 2 Tales 99 Put on a smooth Brow, and feign a kind of Fonding. 1701Steele Chr. Hero iii. 52 A brighter diadem than ever Fortune bestowed on the most fonded..of her favourites.
▪ IV. fond
see fand v. Obs., to attempt, try, etc.
▪ V. fond
obs. pa. tense find: obs. form of found v.1 |