| 释义 |
toxoplasma Zool.|tɒksəʊˈplæzmə|
Pl. -plasmata.
[mod.L. (coined in Fr. by Nicolle & Manceaux 1909, in Compt. Rend. CXLVIII. 371), f. toxo-1 + plasma.]
A micro-organism of the genus of this name, which comprises crescentic uninucleate sporozoans that are parasites of vertebrates. Also in pl. sense.
1926C. M. Wenyon Protozoology II. ii. 1042 Mayer..discovered a parasite which appeared to be a toxoplasma in the spleen and liver of a bird. Ibid., Though some of the toxoplasmata may be merozoites of hæmogregarines or coccidia, this cannot apply to such an organism as Toxoplasma gondii. 1937Science 2 Apr. 336/1 Toxoplasma have been described as the causative agents of various pathologic conditions in birds and mammals, including man. 1962Lancet 6 Jan. 23/2 Only when a woman is initially infected with toxoplasma during pregnancy can she pass the infection to her fœtus. 1973Times 31 Oct. 14/3 It is thought that toxoplasma infection may occasionally lead to abortion, or to some cases of mental abnormality in the child.
Hence toxoˈplasmic a.; toxoˈplasmin [-in1], an antigenic preparation of toxoplasma; ˌtoxoplasˈmosis [-osis], infection with or a disease caused by toxoplasma, which may vary from symptomless to fatal.
1934Biol. Abstr. VIII. 972/2 This is the first observation of incidence of toxoplasmosis in canary birds in Argentina. 1937Science 2 Apr. 337/2 It is not known how toxoplasmic infection is transmitted in nature. 1948J. K. Frenkel in Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. LXVIII. 639/2 The preparation of toxoplasmin, a skin testing antigen made of toxoplasma has been described. 1962Lancet 6 Jan. 23/2 At the end of the third month of pregnancy, all women should be tested by the toxoplasmin skin test, which is cheap and simple. 1971Physics Bull. July 409/2 Recurrent toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, leading to satellite lesions about a scar caused by cysts, presents a serious ocular threat. 1977Rolling Stone 24 Mar. 24/5 Roy Harper, popular British singer and guitarist, almost had to delay a tour of Britain when he caught a rare (in humans), flulike virus called toxoplasmosis while giving mouth to mouth resuscitation to a pregnant sheep. |