| 释义 |
Afrikaner|æfrɪˈkɑːnər|
Also Afrikaaner.
[Afrikaans, earlier (Cape) Du. Afrikaander, f. Afrikaan n., African + -d)er, pers. suff. modelled on termination of Hollander Dutchman. Cf. Africander.]
1. An Afrikaans-speaking white South African, esp. one of Dutch descent; also occas. applied to any white citizen of South Africa. Also attrib. (Replacing Africander.)
1824W. J. Burchell Trav. II. 619/2 (index) Africaánders, or Afrikaáners. 1905R. Fenton Peculiar People p. vi, As General Piet Joubert said to me one day: ‘We are Afrikaaners, not Dutchmen.’ 1926S. G. Millin S. Africans vi. ii. 157 The South African of Dutch descent whom one loosely and inappropriately speaks of as a Dutchman, but who prefers to define himself as an Afrikaner. 1930Times Lit. Suppl. 26 June 525/2 The Afrikaaner attitude towards the British Empire. 1937W. K. Hancock Survey Brit. Commonw. Affairs i. 269 By struggle the French Canadians and the Afrikaners won from the British respect for their individual ways of life. 1952L. Marquard Peoples & Policies S. Afr. iii. 65 In this book Afrikaner is used to mean a South African of European extraction whose mother-tongue is Afrikaans. 1958Observer 20 Apr. 4/5 In the South African general election the Nationalists..have set the Afrikaner nation upon a dominating rock.
2. = Africander 2.
1918Off. Year Bk. of S. Afr. 386 There was created a distinct type [of cattle] which came to be known as the Afrikaner. 1939Nature 11 Nov. 819/1 Zootechnical studies on Afrikaner, imported, and grade cattle.
3. Bot. An iridaceous South African flower belonging to any of various species of Gladiolus or Homoglossum.
1801J. Barrow Trav. S. Afr. i. 25 The Gladiolus, which is here called Africaner, is uncommonly beautiful with its tall waving spike of striped flowers, and has also a fragrant smell. 1950Adamson & Salter Flora Cape Penin. 263 H. [= Homoglossum] Watsonium..Red Afrikaner. 1959Cape Times 7 Sept. 2/6 Of the gladioli, the brown Afrikaners attracted most attention.
Hence Afriˈkanerdom, the Afrikaner people or nation in South Africa; Afrikaners collectively; Afrikaner nationalism; Afriˈkanerism, (a) the policy, ideals or aspirations of Afrikaners; Afrikaner nationalism; (b) an Afrikaans word or idiom used in South African English; Afriˈkanerize v., to bring under the influence or rule of Afrikaners; to make like an Afrikaner; so Afriˈkanerizing vbl. n. and ppl. a., Afriˌkaneriˈzation.
1926S. G. Millin S. Africans vi. i. 156 There was a spirit of Afrikanerdom abroad. 1934A. J. Barnouw Lang. & Race Probl. S. Afr. 26 This language [sc. Afrikaans] is to the Nationalists the hall mark of their Afrikanerism. 1935Cape Times 8 Nov. 8/4 Wherever these..ministers of religion use the words ‘Afrikaner’ and ‘Afrikanerdom’ they mean ‘Afrikaans-speaking Afrikaner’ and ‘Afrikaans-speaking Afrikanerdom’. 1942‘B. Knight’ Sun Climbs iii. xxv. 229 He is lost in his dreams of Afrikanerism. 1947Forum 5 Apr. 5/2 The Afrikanerising of the cities..had gone ahead by leaps and bounds. 1952E. H. Burrows Overberg Outspan vii. 190 The afrikanerizing influence she exerted on her husband. 1952B. Davidson Rep. S. Afr. iii. ii. 158 The ‘Afrikanerization’ of public life and education ‘in the Christian National sense’. 1955Saron & Hotz Jews in S. Afr. xi. 207 Of those who fought on the Boer side, some were Jewish burghers who..had become thoroughly Afrikanerized. 1958A. Paton Hope for S. Afr. vii. 52 As in the past Afrikaners were subject to a process of anglicization, so now English-speaking people are subject to a process of Afrikanerization. 1959Cape Argus 21 Nov. 11/3 Among the words which fall in the category of Afrikanerisms, now in common use in the English language in this country, are bobotie, gousblom. 196020th Cent. July 63 The Nationalists sought to Afrikanerize the white trades unions. |