| 释义 |
townsman|ˈtaʊnzmən|
Forms: see town.
[f. town's, genitive of town + man n.1]
†1. OE. (túnesman). One who lives in a tún; a villager, a villein. Obs.
962–3Laws of Edgar iv. c. 13 And ic wille, þæt tunesmen and heora hyrdas habban þas ylcan smeaᵹunge on minum cucum orfe and on minra þeᵹena, ealswa hy habbað on heora aᵹenum. 1028–60Laws Northumbld. Priests c. 59 ᵹif hwilc tunesman æniᵹne pæniᵹ forhele oððe forhæbbe, ᵹilde se landrica þone pæniᵹ and nime ænne oxan æt ðammen.
2. A man who lives in a town or city; a citizen: esp. as distinguished from a countryman, a stranger, a soldier of the garrison, or other such.
1433in Hist. Sudbury (1896) 125 A Supplicacon of the Maior and Tonsmen of Sudbury to the B. of Norwich. 1519Coventry Leet Bk. 666 Iff eny fforener or Townesman fforstall eny Corne within the libertie of this Cetie of Couentre or it com into the markett. 1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 144 Of the countrie men as well as of the townes⁓men. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 6 Here a garrison is kept; supplyed by the townesmen. 1745De Foe's Eng. Tradesman xxvi. (1841) I. 265 She being a good honest townsman's daughter. 1749Little Cornard (Suff.) Overseers' Acc. (MS.), Paid to Sarah Flower by the order of the Townes men that She Laid out. 1863H. Cox Instit. iii. ix. 727 The whole body of resident trading townsmen.
b. A man of one's own or the same town; a fellow-townsman. Usually after possessive. Cf. countryman 2.
1601A. Dent Pathway to Heaven (1617) 18 For me thinks you go too far, you goe beyond your learning in this, that you condemne good neighbours, and good Townes⁓men. 1715–20Pope Iliad xviii. 578 There, in the forum swarm a numerous train, The subject of debate, a towns⁓man slain. 1838Thirlwall Greece II. xv. 258 A citizen of Abdera advised his townsmen to offer a solemn thanks⁓giving to the gods.
c. An ordinary citizen or resident of a university town as distinguished from a gownsman or member of the university; cf. town n. 5 d.
1768Wilkes Corr. (1805) III. 254 Only another proof that the townsmen of Oxford have always hated the university. 1823Lamb Elia Ser. ii. Poor Relations, The distance between the gownsmen and the townsmen, as they are called..is carried to an excess that [etc.]. 1889Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 273 The townsmen under great provocation had seized three of the gownsmen.
3. New England. = selectman.
1656in T. Dwight Trav. New Eng. (1821) I. 343 [In 1656] town's-men [(or select-men) were chosen]. 1696–1715Maryland Laws iv. (1723) 11 Any Action..arising between the Townsmen or Freemen of the said Town. a1817T. Dwight Trav. New Eng. (1821) I. 243 At this meeting the inhabitants choose, not exceeding seven men, inhabitants, able, discreet and of good conversation, to be Select-men, or Townsmen, to take care of the order, and prudential affairs of the town. |