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▪ I. tort, n.|tɔːt|
Also 6–7 torte.
[a. OF. tort (11th c. in Hatz.-Darm.) = Pr. tort, Sp. tuerto, It. torto, med.L. tortum, wrong, injustice (cf. tortum facere, 864, in Capitul. Caroli II), sbst. use of L. tortus, -um twisted, wrung, pa. pple. of torquēre to twist, wring.]
†1. Injury, wrong. Obs. [See tortious a. 1.]
1387–8T. Usk Test. Love ii. ii. (Skeat) l. 71 Than wer tort & forthe [? force] nought worthe an haw about. 1585Jas. I Ess. Poesie (Arb.) 33 So Iob and Ieremie, preast with woes and wrongs, Did right descryue their ioyes, their woes and torts. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. v. 17 It was complained that thou hadst done great tort Unto an aged woman, poore and bare. 1591― M. Hubberd 1078 No wild beasts should do them any torte. 1632Lithgow Trav. x. 425 To show King Iames, my torments, pangs, and tort. 1748W. Melmoth Fitzosb. Lett. lxxii. (1749) II. 215 Deem not, ye plaintive crew, that suffer wrong, Ne thou, O man! who deal'st the tort, misween The equal gods.
†b. Physical injury or pain; torment.
c. A false or wrong statement. Obs. rare.
1632Lithgow Trav. v. 193 Good t'expell all sorts Of burning Feauers, in their violent torts. Ibid. x. 488 No Tort I introduct,..I Organize the Truth.
2. Eng. Law. The breach of a duty imposed by law, whereby some person acquires a right of action for damages.
1586J. Ferne Blaz. Gentrie 214 Ministers of the Gospell, to whome the keyes of right do apperteine (for the others did by dissesin and tort, hold the possession of them). 1609Skene Reg. Maj., Stat. Robt. I, 23 Saifeand the Law and consuetude of Burghis, quhilk is, to defend preciselie torte and non reason, that is wrang and vnlaw. 1622Callis Stat. Sewers (1647) 184 If two be admitted to a Copyhold by Tort, or to an Office in a Court of Justice unlawfully. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lxvii. (1739) 162 In case it concerned only a Tort done to the party, he was amerced. 1714Scroggs Courts-leet (ed. 3) 59 This is a private Tort to the particular Inhabitants of this Vill. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. viii. 117 Personal actions are such whereby a man claims a debt, or personal duty, or damages in lieu thereof; and, likewise whereby a man claims a satisfaction in damages for some injury done to his person or property. The former are said to be founded on contracts, the latter upon torts or wrongs. 1887Sir F. Pollock (title) The Law of Torts. 1895Pollock & Maitland Hist. Eng. Law II. 510 note, Tort again is [in 13th c. A.-Fr.] a large, loose word. Britton, I. 77, heads a chapter on some of the smaller offences present in the eyres by the title De plusours tortz. 1909Sir F. Pollock in Encycl. Laws of Eng. (ed. 2) XIV. 134 What we now understand by a tort is a breach of some duty between citizens, defined by the general law, which creates a civil cause of action. The duty must be founded in common right... It must be a duty assigned by law, not dependent on the will of the parties... There must be a private right of action.
▪ II. † tort, ppl. a. Obs.
[ad. L. tort-us, pa. pple. of torquēre to twist.]
Twisted; in quot. 1513, ? tortured (const. as pa. pple.).
1513Douglas æneis x. xi. 30 Now sall he perisch,..be Troianis tort and rent. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 210 Henry Erle of Lancaster with y⊇ wrie neck, called Tort coll. 1765J. Lee Introd. Bot. i. xii. 28 Tort, twisted, as in Nerium.
▪ III. tort
erroneous variant of taut a. |