| 释义 |
fixative, a. and n.|ˈfɪksətɪv|
[f. fix v. + -ative. Cf. Fr. fixatif.]
A. adj. Tending to fix.
1644Nye Gunnery ii. (1647) 29 Opium is of a congealing and fixative nature. a1832Bentham Wks. (1843) VIII. 30 But for these fixed and fixative signs, nothing that ever bore the name of art or science could ever have come into existence. 1870Eng. Mech. 25 Feb. 576/1 One of the..uses of this fixative process is supposed to be the preserving of the..colour of..drawings from decay.
B. n.
1. That which serves to set or fix; spec. a preparation used to fix colours, or charcoal or crayon drawings.
1870Eng. Mech. 11 Mar. 638/3 There are some papers which absorb the fixative with difficulty. 1930R. Campbell Adamastor 64 Speed, motion, flight!.. Fixative of blurred effects. 1959Times 3 Aug. 9/6 Moustache fixatives.
2. Any substance or preparation used to fix biological specimens. Cf. fix v. 4 d.
1891Jrnl. R. Microsc. Soc. 287 As a fixative, the author has the highest opinion of the value of osmic acid. 1929C. E. McClung Handbk. Microsc. Technique i. 8 Some fixatives preserve nuclear conditions especially well, others those of the cytoplasm. 1969Brown & Bertke Textbk. Cytol. iii. 16/1 Acetic acid is a rapid penetrant but a poor fixative.
3. A liquid that serves to reduce the rate of evaporation of more volatile components in a mixture of odoriferous liquids, esp. a perfume.
1923E. J. Parry tr. Durvelle's Prep. Perfumes & Cosmetics iv. 123 Fixatives..are bodies which serve to render more permanent odours of a fugitive nature, such as those of most flowers... Amongst the classic fixatives are ambergris, civet and musk. 1949R. W. Moncrieff Chem. Perfumery Materials xiii. 203 The fixative need not itself be strongly odorous, for benzyl benzoate is an excellent fixative and yet has only a faint scent. 1971Nature 16 Apr. 433/2 Deer musk is a direct preputial gland secretion and a fixative for secondary odours. |