| 释义 |
tonicity|təʊˈnɪsɪtɪ|
[f. tonic + -ity. So mod.F. tonicité (Roquefort, 1829).]
1. Phys. and Path.
a. Tonic quality or condition; the property of possessing tone (see tone n. 7); the normal state of elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc., by which the tone of the organs is maintained.
1824Bostock Elem. Syst. Physiol. I. iii. 176 Besides contractility,.. the muscular fibre has been supposed to possess another specific..quality, which has been called tone or tonicity. 1834Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 242 Even the tonicity of the skin seems to be quite destroyed. 1851Carpenter Man. Phys. (ed. 2) 212 These same muscles exhibit a tendency to a moderate and permanent contraction, which is not shown by them when they are dead..; this endowment..is called Tonicity. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 75 An apparently increased tonicity of the muscles.
b. Of spasm: see tonic a. 1.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 695 Tetanus..may be distinguished by the shorter incubation period, the tonicity of the spasms [etc.].
2. Linguistics. The fact or property of having a phonetic emphasis at a certain place in an intonation pattern.
1963M. A. K. Halliday in Archivum Linguisticum XV. 13 Second [is]..the placing of the tonic syllable..—the location, in each tone group, of the pretonic and tonic sections... I propose to call these three systems ‘tonality’, ‘tonicity’ and ‘tone’. 1966G. N. Leech Eng. in Advertising ix. 88 Devices of graphic emphasis such as underlining and italics can be used to represent special tonicity in speech. 1973[see nucleus n. 12 a]. |