| 释义 |
tonal, a. and n.|ˈtəʊnəl|
[ad. med.L. tonāl-is (St. Bernard of Cluny), f. ton-us tone: see -al1; cf. mod.F. tonal (Littré).]
A. adj., Of or pertaining to tone or tones.
1. Mus.
†a. Pertaining to the ecclesiastical modes.
1776Hawkins Hist. Mus. iii. ix. I. 354 The first [discourse]..is on..Guidonian music.., the one [part] treating of Manual, i.e. elementary music..and the other of Tonal music, containing the doctrine of the ecclesiastical tones.
b. Applied to a fugue, or a sequence, in which the repetitions of the subject in different positions are all in the same key, and therefore vary in their intervals: opp. to real a. 3 c.
1869Ouseley Counterp. Canon & Fugue xix. 160 note, In the early days of counterpoint a tonal fugue was one in which the relations of the subject and answer were governed by the old Church modes. 1879― in Grove Dict. Mus. I. 567 In most cases the answer [to the subject of a fugue] has to be modified according to certain rules to avoid modulating out of the key... An answer so treated is called a ‘tonal answer’, and the fugue is called a ‘Tonal fugue’. 1889Prout Harmony v. §138 The intervals..differ in quality according to their position in the scale... Such a sequence is termed a tonal sequence.
c. Of tonality; pertaining to music written in keys. Opp. atonal a.
1884G. Oakey Text Bk. Harmony viii. 51 A sequence..in which the intervals belong to one scale, is termed..a Tonal Sequence. 1922[see atonal a.] 1957Encycl. Brit. XI. 205/1 With the development of polyphony, tonality becomes as important as the concord-discord system itself; and, indeed, that system could not have existed without tonal guidance at every point. 1978P. Griffiths Conc. Hist. Mod. Music ii. 23 Sibelius's long silence..may suggest the difficulty of maintaining tonal composition in the twentieth century.
2. Of, pertaining, or relating to the tone or tones. Of speech or a language: expressing difference of meaning by variation of tone.
1866Athenæum 24 Mar. 404/1 The multiplicity of tonal divagations. 1867Macfarren Harmony i. 11 Ambrose..called the modes he adopted according to their tonal ascent, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th. 1886C. Trotter in Encycl. Brit. XXI. 774/1 But [Shan] is a tonal language, and the vowel sounds are few, so that some have two or three values assigned them. 1896F. Niecks Paper bef. Congr. Incorp. Soc. Mus., The Association of Tonal and Verbal Speech.
3. Pertaining to or characterized by shades of colour or effects of light and shade. Cf. tone n. 10 a, b.
1910S. J. Solomon Practice of Oil Painting vi. 62 The same method is applicable in arriving at a similar decision with regard to the relation of shadows, all intervening tones, and the general tonal aspect of the whole figure. 1931J. H. Brown Water-Colour Guidance x. 192 Present⁓day colour work..has tended to divert the colourist's attention from the tonal aspect of painting. 1967E. Short Embroidery & Fabric Collage i. 4 (caption) As one fabric is used throughout, there are no contrasts of colour or texture, and the design relies for interest on the tonal pattern made by the shadows. 1980Economist 20 Aug. 62/1 Plain and tonal designs—mingled colours, but no pattern—are the fashion. Ibid. 62/2 Tonal carpets are what the customer wants.
†B. n. (med.L. tonāle). A book containing a summary of the rules governing ecclesiastical music, with examples. Cf. the tonārius ‘liber de tonis seu cantu’ (Du Cange). Obs. rare—0.
c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 755/20 (Nomina ecclesie necessaria) Hoc tonale, a tonal.
Hence ˈtonally adv., in respect of tone.
1883Gurney Tertium Quid (1887) II. 22 Bits that are rhythmically and tonally coherent. |