| 释义 |
▪ I. tolling, toling, vbl. n.1 Now dial. and U.S.|ˈtəʊlɪŋ|
[f. toll v.1 + -ing1.]
a. The action of enticing, allurement; † incitement, instigation (obs.).
a1225Ancr. R. 116 Þis is wowunge efter Godes grome, & tollunge of his vuel. c1330Arth. & Merl. (Kölbing) 5304 Bot Wawain, þat bi him cam, & he him of his tolling nam. c1440Promp. Parv. 496/1 Tollynge, styrynge, or mevynge to good or badde, instigacio, excitacio. 1496Dives & Paup. i. x. 41/2 Suche richesses of clothynge of the ymages is but a tollynge of more offrynge.
b. spec. The luring or decoying of wild animals, as ducks or fish (see toll v.1 2); also attrib. U.S.
1838J. J. Audubon Ornith. Biogr. IV. 6 The usual mode of taking these birds has been..by toling, as it is strangely termed, an operation by which the ducks are sometimes induced to approach within a few feet of the shore. 1858Lewis in Youatt Dog iii. 90 The toling season continues about three weeks from the first appearance of the ducks. 18..Atwood in Goode Amer. Fishes (1888) 180 The present mode of catching mackerel by drifting and tolling with bait did not come into general use until 1812. 1879Dogs Gt. Brit. & Amer. 271 The system pursued on the Chesapeake Bay and the North Carolina Sounds, and known as ‘toling’, is the most successful... A small dog..is trained to run up and down on the shore in the sight of the ducks. 1901Blackw. Mag. Nov. 692/2 The judicious ‘hough’, ‘hough’ or tolling-call of the hunter.
▪ II. ˈtolling, vbl. n.2
[f. toll v.2 + -ing1.]
The action of toll v.2; the sounding of a large bell by slow regularly repeated strokes; esp. that of the passing-bell.
1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 352 [In 1264] by tollyng of the great belle of Paules, all the cytie shuld be redy shortly in harneys, to gyue attendaunce. 1526[see passing-bell]. 1599Massinger, etc. Old Law iii. i, I am afraid the tolling of the bell will wake her again. 1628Wither Brit. Rememb. iv. 69 My Fancy tuned so the Bell, As if her Towlings did the story tell Of my mortality. 1711Steele Spect. No. 14 ⁋5, I..have not missed tolling in to Prayers six times in all those Years. 1874Sir E. Beckett Denison's Clocks, Watches, & Bells (ed. 6) 359 The great superiority of tone of bells ringing in full swing over tolling, and even of tolling over striking by a clock hammer, has been often noticed.
b. transf. A sound resembling this; spec. (Sc.) a special humming sound made by the queen bee before swarming (see quots. 1747, 1830).
1747Maxwell Pract. Bee-Master §147. 46 This Sound, commonly called Towling, proceeds, I suppose, from the young King, giving Signal to his Company to make ready for a March. 1830Edin. Encycl. s.v. Bee II. 414/1 Most observers..affirm, that in the evening before swarming an uncommon humming or buzzing is heard in the hive, and a distinct sound from the queen, called tolling or calling. 1869Sir V. Brooke in Life (1894) 162 Nearer and nearer came the tolling of the grand old hound.
c. attrib. as tolling-lever, a lever attached to a bell or to the clapper by means of which the bell is tolled: see quot.
1874Sir E. Beckett Denison's Clocks, Watches, & Bells (ed. 6) 357–8 Tolling-levers... The great Worcester bell is hung on wedge-shaped gudgeons.., to enable it to be tolled, almost without friction, by a long lever; for the tower would not bear it in full swing... But..it answers equally well to toll it by a short lever..projecting from the top of the clapper, and pulled by a slight rope.
▪ III. ˈtolling, vbl. n.3 Now rare.
[f. toll v.3 + -ing1.]
The action of toll v.3; the taking or levying of toll; also payment to hop-pickers at so many bushels a shilling. Also attrib.
a1350St. Matthew 416 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 136 Saint Mathew..A toller was..With tolling mikell gude he gat. c1440Promp. Parv. 496/1 Tollynge, of myllarys, multura. 1509Barclay Shyp of Folys (1874) I. 64 Brybours and Baylyes that lyue upon towlynge. 1546in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford (1880) 179 The untrewe and excessyve tollinge of certayne quarters of wheate meale. 1562Pilkington Expos. Abdyas 129 As though he were set to gather up Christs tolling money. 1886J. Craig Tollman's Lament in R. Ford Harp Perthshire (1893) 346 Whan first my tollin' days began. 1888Pall Mall G. 5 Oct. 5/1 If hops are pretty good, however, and the ‘tolling’ not too low—say, six bushels a shilling—an average hopper can live like a lord. Ibid. 5/2 When the hops are large and plentiful the farmer may commence his ‘tolling’ at twelve a shilling.
▪ IV. ˈtolling, toling, ppl. a.1 Now dial. and U.S.
[f. toll v.1 + -ing2.]
That ‘tolls’; enticing, alluring; spec. used as a decoy (see toll v.1 2).
a1225Ancr. R. 50 Vor nabbe ȝe nout þene nome..of totinde ancres, ne of tollinde lokunges. 1642Milton Apol. Smect. Wks. 1851 III. 258 His own title; hung out like a toling signe-post to call passengers. 1868R. B. Roosevelt Florida & Game Water Birds 336 Red is selected by the Southerners for their tolling dogs, but this is with the purpose of making them attractive.
▪ V. ˈtolling, ppl. a.2
[f. toll v.2 + -ing2.]
That tolls, as a bell.
1728Pope Dunc. ii. 228 With horns and trumpets now to madness swell, Now sink in sorrows with a tolling bell.
▪ VI. ˈtolling, ppl. a.3 Now rare.
[f. toll v.3 + -ing2.]
Taking toll; tax-gathering.
1641J. Jackson True Evang. T. ii. 110 A greedy Wolfe, a tolling Publicane. |