| 释义 |
fifteenth, a. and n.|fɪfˈtiːnθ, ˈfɪftiːnθ|
Forms: 1 fífteiðe, -éoða, -é(o)ᵹða, 3 fiftéoða, south. viftethe, vyfteoþe, 3–4 fiftend(e, 4 south. vyfteoþe, 6 Kent vifftend, 4–7 fiftenth(e, (4 fiftenþe), 5–6 fyfte(n)th(e, (6 -teenth), 6–7 fivete(e)nth, 6– fifteenth.
[OE. fíftéoða (fem. and neut. -e), f. fífténe fifteen on the analogy of téoða tenth. From the 14th c. the forms descending from the OE. become rare, being superseded by a new formation on fifteen + -th1, which still remains. A third form of the ordinal, fiftend(e, appears in the Ormulum, Hampole and the Cursor Mundi, and appears to be due to Scandinavian influence; cf. ON. fimtánde (Sw. femtonde, Da. femtende). The other Teut. langs. agree with the ON. in having the ordinal suffix as -d- instead of -þ-; OFris. fîftînde, OS. *fifteindo (Du. vijftiende), OHG. funfzêndo (MHG. vünfzehende, mod.Ger. fünfzehnte), Goth. fimfta-taihunda (= fifth + tenth).]
The ordinal numeral belonging to the cardinal fifteen.
A. adj.
1. In concord with n. expressed.
c900Bæda's Hist. iv. xxvii. [xxvi.] (1891) 358 Þy fifteᵹðan ᵹeare. c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 190 Mone se fifteoða. c1200Ormin 9170 Onn hiss fiftende winnterr. 1297R. Glouc. (1724) 522 The viftethe peni of hor god. 1382Wyclif Num. xxviii. 17 In the fiftenthe day. a1440Sir Degrev. 1869 One the fyftethe day. 1535Coverdale 2 Kings xiv. 23 In the fyftenth yeare of Amasias. 1749Fielding Tom Jones xv. xii, And here we put an end to the fifteenth book. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. (1874) I. i. 30 Dull inventions of the fifteenth century.
2. With ellipsis of n.
1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. vi. 25 A councell, from which by any thing that can be learnt from the fifteenth of the Acts, no faithful Christian was debarr'd. 1753N. Torriano Gangr. Sore Throat 125 She having had a very bad Night from the Fourteenth to the Fifteenth.
3. fifteenth part: one of fifteen equal parts into which a quantity may be divided.
1626Bacon Sylva §798 A Fifteenth Part of Siluer. 1662J. Graunt Bills of Mortality vii. 42 London..bear[s] the fifteenth part of the charge of the whole Nation in all Publick Taxes.
B. n.
1. A fifteenth part; esp. in Eng. Hist. A tax of one-fifteenth formerly imposed on personal property.
c1380Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 66 Men supposen alle þes passen þre fiftenþes. 1496–7Act. Hen. VII, c. 12 (title) An Acte for Fyftenthes and Tenthes. 1518MS. Acc. St. John's Hosp., Canterb., Payd for ij wrytys for alowans off þe vifftend. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lxiv. (1739) 133 He took a fifteenth which was granted to his Father. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. i. viii. 298 Tenths and fifteenths were temporary aids..granted to the king by parliament. 1879Castle Law of Rating 21 The collectors of the tenths and fifteenths granted to the King in the City of London.
2. Mus.
a. (see quot. 1876.)
b. (see quot. 1880.)
a.1597Morley Introd. Mus. 71 An eight, a twelfth, a fifteenth..and so forth..be perfect cordes. 1609Douland Ornith. Microl. 79 Others are tripled, to wit, a fifteenth, which is equall to the sound of an Vnison, and an Eight. 1876Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Fifteenth, the interval of a double octave.
b.1613Organ Specif. Worcester Cathedral, In the choir organ..1 smal principal or fiftenth of mettal. 1776Sir J. Hawkins Hist. Music IV. i. x. 149 Of the stops of an organ, the most usual are the Diapasons..Tenth, Twelfth, Fifteenth [etc.]. 1880Grove Dict. Mus., Fifteenth is a stop or set of pipes in an organ sounding 2 octaves or 15 notes above the Open diapason.
Hence fifˈteenthly adv., in the fifteenth place.
a1642Sir W. Monson Naval Tracts iii. (1704) 322/1 Fifteenthly, they ought to take Account. 1691–8Norris Pract. Disc. (1711) III. 170 When he shall yet further consider Fifteenthly. |