| 释义 |
▪ I. fiend|fiːnd|
Forms: 1–2 féond, north. fíond (pl. fíend, fýnd, féond, fond, north. fíond, fíondas; dat. sing. fíend, fýnd, féonde), 3–4 feond (pl. feond, fiend, feondes), (3 feont, fond, south. veond), 2–7 fend(e, (3 fent), 3–6 find(e, 3–7 feind(e, (4 south. vyend), 4–6 feynd, fynd(e, (5 fynt), 4–7 feend(e, (4 fende, 7 feigne), 8 Sc. fient, fint, 4– fiend.
[Com. Teut.: OE. féond = OFris. fîand, OS. fîond, fîund (MDu. vîant, Du. vijand), OHG. fîant (MHG. vîent, vînt, mod.G. feind), ON. fjánde (Sw. fiende, Da. fjende), Goth. fijands; originally the pr. pple. of OTeut. *fîjêjan (OE. féoᵹean, OHG. fîên, ON. fjá, Goth. fijan) to hate. The formation is parallel with that of friend.]
†1. An enemy; foe. Obs.
Beowulf 2289 Stone þa æfter stane, steareheort onfand feondes fotlast. c975Rushw. Gosp. Matt. v. 43 Hate þine fiond [c 1000 and c 1160feond]. c1050Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 323 Geflitᵹeorne & godes fynd. a1175Cott. Hom. 231 Bi tweone frend and fend. a1225Ancr. R. 98 Ueond þet þuncheð freond is swike ouer alle swike. c1320R. Brunne Medit. 1124 And þe fende bonde to make to þe. 1340Ayenb. 19 He ys wel renay þet þet land þet he halt of his Ihorde deþ into þe hond of his uyende.
2. a. spec. The arch-enemy of mankind; the devil. More fully: fiend of hell, foul fiend, old fiend. † fiend's limb = limb of Satan (see limb).
a1000Hymns viii. 25 (Gr.) Ðu fiond ᵹeflæmdest. c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 294 Hit eac deah wiþ feondes costungum yflum. c1175Lamb. Hom. 67 Ure fond nefre ne linnen [cease] for to fonden us mid sunnen. a1225St. Marher. 1 Ouercomen ant akasten..þe feont. a1300Cursor M. 1056 (Cott.) Caim was þe findes fode. c1340Cursor M. 14880 (Trin.) Leuer had þei se þe fend of helle Þen him amonges hem to dwelle. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 357 It falliþ ofte..þat a tyraunt and a fendis lyme is put bifore a lyme of Crist. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxi. 18 Fecche þat þe feond cleymeþ. c1460Play Sacram. 953, I shalle yow blysse to saue yow alle from the fendis blame. 1515Scot. Field 598 in Chetham Misc. (1856) II, What it is to be false, and the finde serve! 1526Tindale Luke viii. 29 And was caryed of the fende into wildernes. 1605Shakes. Lear iii. vi. 9 Beware the foule Fiend. 1667Milton P.L. x. 233 The Gates..belching outrageous flame..since the Fiend pass'd through. 1708Brit. Apollo No. 99. 3/2 Drugs of more Force..Than e'er was conceiv'd, by the subtil Old Fiend. 1848A. Jameson Sacr. & Leg. Art (1850) 64 The fiend is the worst part of the picture.
b. In forms of asseveration or execration: † the fiend on thee! the foul fiend! Also Sc. fient a (crum, etc.), fient ane, fient haet = ‘Devil, never a one, crumb, whit’, etc.
a1568A. Scott Poems (1820) 51 Feind a crum of the scho fawis. 1637B. Jonson Sad Sheph. ii. ii, O, the feind, and thee! Gar, take them hence. a1774Fergusson Rising of Session Poems (1845) 29 The fient ane there but pays his score. 1787Burns Twa Dogs 16 The fient a pride, nae pride had he. Ibid. 180 Fient haet o' them 's ill-hearted fellows. 1818Scott Br. Lamm. vi, What the foul fiend can detain the Master so long?
3. An evil spirit generally; a demon, devil, or diabolical being; more fully fiend of hell.
a1000Guthlac 392 (Gr.) No þær þa feondas ᵹefeon þorfton. c1175Lamb. Hom. 33 Ah a þer is waning and graming..and feonda bitinga. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2961 It was on fendes wise wroȝt. c1386Chaucer Sompn. Prol. 10 Ffreres and feendes been but lyte a-sonder. c1440Generydes 2520 But suerly they be fendez. 1509Hawes Conv. Swearers 24 To redeme you from the fendes of hell. 1605Camden Rem. 7 They yellen as fends do in hell. 1694F. Bragge Disc. Parables iv. 152 Revenge..makes a man a fiend incarnate. 1738Wesley Psalms lvii. 4 Inflam'd with Rage like Fiends in Hell. 1798Coleridge Anc. Mar. vi, A frightful fiend Doth close behind him tread. 1840Macaulay Ranke Ess. (1854) 545/1 In the language of Goethe's scoffing fiend.
4. transf.
a. A person of superhuman wickedness. (Now only with reference to cruelty or malignity.)
c1220Bestiary 450 For wo so..ðenkeð iuel on his mod fox he is and fend iwis. c1300Havelok 2229 He with his hend Ne drop him nouth, that sor fend. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxiii. 58 Freres folweden þat feonde [Antichrist]. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 892 Fy on that foull Feind [sc. Mahoun]. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vi. 50 That cursed man, that cruel feend of hell. 1799Campbell Pleas. Hope i. 327 Where human fiends on midnight errands walk. 1875W. S. Hayward Love agst. World 45 He is at times a perfect fiend.
b. † A grisly monster (e.g. a dragon) (obs.). Also applied to baleful or destructive influences or agencies personified.
c1400Destr. Troy 597 It is playnly your purpos..With suche fyndes to fight. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. i. 22 Whose corage when the feend [the monster Errour] perceivd to shrinke. 1784Cowper Task ii. 185 He calls for famine, and the meagre fiend Blows mildew from between his shrivel'd lips.
c. Applied with jocular hyperbole to a person or agency causing mischief or annoyance. Often with qualifying word or phrase.
1621Burton Anat. Mel. iii. ii. ii. iv. (1845) 545 If you do but stir abroad, these fiends [sc. women; transl. umbræ in Petronius] are ready to meet you at every turn. 1807–8W. Irving Salmag. (1824) 305 It is that fiend Politics, Asem—that baneful fiend, which bewildereth every brain. 1870Lowell Study Wind, Swinburne's Trag. (1871) 162 This sorcery which the fiend of technical imitation weaves about his victims. a1896Mod. The autograph-fiend; the cyclist-fiend; the interviewer-fiend; the newsboy-fiend; the organ-fiend. 1889Farmer Americanisms s.v., The free lunch fiend..is one who makes a meal off what is really provided as a snack. He pays for a drink, but shamefacedly manages in this way to get something more than his money's worth. 1896, etc. Dope fiend [see dope n. 5]. 1904Philadelphia Even. Tel. 25 July 6 The camera fiend is after him, hot foot. 1909Webster 812/1 Fiend{ddd}An opium fiend{ddd}he is a fiend in mathematics; a botany fiend. 1925, etc. Drug-fiend [see drug n.1 1 b]. 1927, etc. Fresh-air fiend [see fresh a. 6]. 1929R. Graves Goodbye to All That xxviii. 377 He had been upset that morning by a letter from an autograph-fiend. 1956M. Swan Paradise Garden i. i. 7 A neighbour a small-boat fiend. 1962N. Marsh Hand in Glove v. 196 I'm a bit of a camera-fiend myself.
d. A kind of firework.
1634J. Bate Myst. Nat. & Art ii. 75 How to make fiends, or fearefull apparitions.
5. attrib. and Comb.:
a. simple attrib., as fiend-breed, fiend-face.
b. objective, as fiend-compelling, fiend-fraying adjs.c. instrumental, as fiend-begotten, fiend-drawn, fiend-tenanted, fiend-tied adjs.d. originative, as fiend-born adj.e. parasynthetic, as fiend-hearted adj.
1810Scott Lady of L. iv. v, Aught that..Yon *fiend-begotten monk can tell.
1802Scott Thomas the Rhymer iii. 18 in Minstr. Scot. Border II. 289 Brangwain was there..And *fiend-born Merlin's gramarye.
1586Warner Alb. Eng. ii. xiii. (1597) 62 Brute..suppressed so the state Of all the *Fiend-breed Albinests.
1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics (1860) II. 108 Solomon achieved his *fiend-compelling wonders by its aid.
1821Shelley Prometh. Unb. i. 126 As one checks a *fiend-drawn charioteer.
1879Browning Ned Bratts 56 Horrified, hideous, frank *fiend-faces!
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. xviii. 69 The *Fiend-fraying Holy-water.
1847Craig, *Fiendhearted, having a very wicked or depraved heart.
1892Daily News 21 Sept. 5/5 Who was grasping his *fiend-tenanted fiddle so firmly by the throat.
1754Armstrong Forced Marriage iv. 1 Misc. (1770) II. 80 My quick revenge Shall burst this *fiend-tied most unnatural knot.
▪ II. fiend, v. slang (orig. and chiefly in the language of rap and hip-hop).
Brit. |fiːnd|, U.S. |find|
[‹ fiend n.; with the sense compare dope-fiend n. at dope n. Compounds 2, sex fiend n. at sex n.1 Compounds 1, etc.]
intr. To have a strong desire or craving for.
1988‘Eric B.’ & ‘Rakim’ Microphone Fiend (song) in Hip-hop & Rap (2003) 268, I get a craving like I fiend for nicotine, But I don't need a cigarette. 1995Represent Apr.–May (verso front cover), If you fiend for the West Coast smooth suit, ‘Safe + Sound’ is your meal ticket. 2004Vanity Fair Apr. 136 Those who have been sexually possessed will understand... When you're fiending for it, you're fiending for it. |