| 释义 |
ferromagnetic, a. and n.|ˌfɛrəʊmægˈnɛtɪk|
[f. ferro- + magnetic a. and n.]
A. adj.
†1. Used synonymously with paramagnetic a.: having a positive magnetic susceptibility. Obs.
1850W. Thomson in Phil. Mag. 3rd Ser. XXXVII. 250 It appears to me very probable that this assumption is correct for all known diamagnetic substances, and for homogeneous feebly ferromagnetic substances. Ibid. 253 A homogeneous feebly ferromagnetic substance, containing no iron. 1872–5Clifford Lect. (1879) I. 241 Faraday gives reasons for believing that all bodies are either ferromagnetic or diamagnetic. 1881Maxwell Electr. & Magn. II. 46 When the magnetization is in the same direction as the magnetic force..the substance is called Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic, or more simply Magnetic. 1880J. E. H. Gordon Physical Treat. Electr. & Magn. II. xxxi. 14 Iron and similar bodies which are attracted by the magnet are called Ferro-magnetic, or sometimes Para-magnetic bodies. Substances which are repelled are called Diamagnetic. 1886Phil. Trans. R. Soc. CLXXVI. 468 Most bodies are either very slightly ferro⁓magnetic or very slightly diamagnetic. On the other hand iron, nickel, and cobalt are enormously magnetic.
2. a. Of a body or substance: having a large, variable magnetic permeability and exhibiting hysteresis. b. Characteristic of or pertaining to ferromagnetism.
The distinction between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic substances was first emphasized by P. Curie (Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. (1895) 7me Sér. V. 289).
1896E. Atkinson tr. H. du Bois's Magn. Circuit i. 9 By many authors the terms ‘ferromagnetic’ and ‘para⁓magnetic’ are used pretty indiscriminately. For the present it may be as well to keep the two groups separate. 1929W. Peddie Molec. Magn. iv. 57 Ferromagnetic substances become paramagnetic at sufficiently high temperature. 1951L. F. Bates Mod. Magn. (ed. 3) viii. 322 The ferrites are ferrimagnetic substances... They are all ferromagnetic at room temperatures, except zinc ferrite, which is paramagnetic, and cadmium ferrite which is sometimes paramagnetic and sometimes ferro⁓magnetic. 1962K. J. Standley Oxide Magn. Materials i. 2 One may regard each sub-lattice [of a ferrimagnetic material] as ferromagnetic. 1965A. H. Morrish Physical Princ. Magn. i. 4 If the atomic moments are aligned parallel, the substance is said to be ferromagnetic.
B. n. A ferromagnetic body or substance.
1850Phil. Mag. 3rd Ser. XXXVII. 253 A small ball of this body would, when acted upon by a feeble magnetizing force, become on the whole magnetized like a ferromagnetic, and would be urged from places of weaker towards places of stronger force. 1914Poynting & Thomson Text-bk. Physics xvi. 207 Though Faraday only used the two classes, paramagnetics and diamagnetics, and to one or other of these referred all bodies, it is usual now to separate out the three metals iron, nickel, and cobalt, and to these may probably be added manganese, and to class them as Ferromagnetics. 1962Times 12 Oct. 2/6 Studies of paramagnetics and ferro⁓magnetics. |