| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈtipping, vbl. n.1
Also tippen.
[f. tip v.3 (or n.1) + -ing1.]
1. The action of furnishing or fitting with a tip.
1559Dunmow Churchw. MS. lf. 44 Payed to John Hootte for typpinge of a spade. 1905Longm. Mag. Feb. 355 There is no tipping of split sticks with sulphur to make matches.
2. concr.
a. A piece fashioned or fitted on to form a tip, esp. of a different material or colour.
c1325Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 150 De la ceynture le pendaunt, gl. the girdilis ende tipping. 1483Cath. Angl. 389/1 A Typpynge of A boltt. 1647H. More Poems 7 Crudled clouds, with silver tippings dight. 1785Phil. Trans. LXXV. 399 Reckoning from the extremities of the bell-metal tippings.
b. = tippet n. 4 a.
1881W. Gregor Folk-Lore N.E. Scotl. 52 Lines, hair for tippens, hooks. 1924Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 710/1 Many of the books have been torn from their tippings.
3. Hort. A method of grafting, also called tonguing: see quot.
1763Mills Pract. Husb. IV. 217 The third method [of whip-grafting], which is an improvement of the last, is properly named tipping or tonguing.
4. Bookbinding. (See quot. 1931.) Usu. with in. Cf. tip v.2 2 d; tip-in 1.
1931A. Esdaile Man. Bibliogr. 183 Tipping-in; pasting the edge of a single leaf to the next leaf. 1963W. Clowes Guide to Printing i. 8 Sometimes..tipping-in might not give sufficient strength. 1966[see tipped, tipt ppl. a.1 5].
▪ II. ˈtipping, vbl. n.2
[f. tip v.2 + -ing1.]
The action of tip v.2 in various senses: spec.
1. Tilting, inclination, upsetting.
1853Dickens in Househ. Words 7 May 218/2 ‘Tippings’..denotes the spiritual movements of the tables and chairs. 1863Holland Lett. Joneses vii. 105 Scraping of fiddles, and the tipping of tables. 1866Lond. Rev. 25 Aug. 206/2 Whether this tipping of the mental balance was not a physical rather than a mental mishap. 1901Essex Weekly News 8 Mar. 3/3 Owing to the frequent tipping of the tumbril.
2. Skittles.
1801[see tip v.2 1 b (b)]. 1819Pantologia X. s.v. Skittles, If in tipping the bowl is caught or stopped by one of the opposite party, who, in so doing, stops or impedes a live pin, the party who stops loses one from his own score.
3. a. The tilting up of a truck so as to discharge its contents; the emptying out of the contents of a truck, etc., by tilting; dumping.
1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 354/1 A contrivance to facilitate the tipping of the earth-waggons. 1842Ibid. V. 85/2 The price he paid for tipping was 13s. 6d. per hundred wagons. 1878F. S. Williams Midl. Railw. 51 The Oakenshard cutting and embankment..required the quarrying and tipping of some 600,000 yards of rock.
b. pl. (concr.) Material tipped or emptied out from a quarry, etc.
c. A railway embankment. local.
1884Chesh. Gloss., Tipping, a railway embankment formed by tipping wagons full of soil or stone. 1888Pall Mall G. 3 Aug. 5/1 The quarries at Llanberis, whose tippings are gradually filling up the once beautiful Llyn Peris.
d. attrib., as tipping machine, tipping platform, tipping wagon: cf. tip-.
1877Scotsman 1 Sept. 4/7 Tipping machine. 1885Ducane Punishm. & Prevent. Crime 180 Removing the earth..by means of..tipping waggons. 1891Daily News 6 Feb. 6/3, 200 clerks have intimated their readiness to do the tipping work till other arrangements have been made. 1901Feilden's Mag. IV. 436/2 A ‘tipping platform’ for the storage of the refuse and for the feeding of the furnaces.
▸ tipping point n. the prevalence of a social phenomenon sufficient to set in motion a process of rapid change; the moment when such a change begins to occur.
[1957Sci. Amer. Oct. 34 White residents who will tolerate a few Negroes as neighbors..begin to move out when the proportion of Negroes in the neighborhood or apartment building passes a certain critical point. This ‘tip point’ varies from city to city and from neighborhood to neighborhood.] 1959N.Y. Times iv. 7/7 Exactly when the ‘*tipping point’ of white acceptance will be reached will depend upon the attitude of the individual white parent and upon the general white community attitude. 1976Jrnl. Human Resources 11 36 An alternative interpretation of a tipping point is a dramatic shift in the rate of white flight. 1988Jrnl. Interdisciplinary Hist. 18 605 The critical point arrived when the Spartans began to believe that time was moving against them and in favor of the Athenians. A tipping-point or fundamental change in the Spartan perception of the balance of power had taken place. 2000M. Gladwell Tipping Point 12 For the next three years, businesses slowly and steadily bought more and more faxes, until, in 1987, enough people had faxes that it made sense for everyone to get a fax. Nineteen eighty-seven was the fax machine Tipping Point.
▪ III. ˈtipping, vbl. n.3
[f. tip v.1 + -ing1.]
The action of tip v.1; in quot., in sense 2 of the vb.
1819Blackw. Mag. V. 402/1 Leaving out compass, emphasis, shakes, holds, cadences, and tippings.
spec. b. Mus. The action of striking the tongue against the palate so as to produce a staccato effect in playing certain wind-instruments; also called tonguing, q.v.
1898Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Tipping. (Double tongueing.) Ibid., Double-tongueing, a peculiar action..to ensure a brilliant and spirited articulation of staccato notes.
c. (See quot.)
1891Cent. Dict., Tipping2, n... 2. In the preparation of curled hair, the operation of tossing the carded hair about with a stick so that it will fall in tufts, to be afterwards consolidated by rapid blows.
▪ IV. ˈtipping, vbl. n.4
[f. tip v.4 + -ing1.]
The action of tip v.4; the bestowing of gratuities: see tip v.4 2.
1761R. Lloyd To G. Colman Poet. Wks. 1774 I. 113 And walking gravely thro' the croud, Which stood obsequiously, and bow'd To keep the fashion up of tipping, Dropt in each hand a golden pippin. 1869in Daily News 24 July, A system of tipping had prevailed at Somerset-house and in the dockyards..which he would endeavour to uproot. 1893G. E. Matheson About Holland 30 A good deal of tipping..has to be done in Holland.
▪ V. ˈtipping, vbl. n.5
[f. tip v.5 + -ing1.]
The giving of ‘tips’ or private information as to the chances of sporting events, etc. Also attrib.
1883Pall Mall G. 24 Oct. 4/1 The ‘glorious uncertainties’ of turf ‘tipping’.
▪ VI. ˈtipping, ppl. a. dial. and slang.
[f. tip v.3 + -ing2, after topping: cf. tip-top.]
First-rate, excellent, = topping. (Cf. ripping.)
1887South Chesh. Gloss. s.v., They bin tippin' cheers; they'n do well for go i' ahr parlour. 1903Farmer & Henley Slang Dict., Tipping..(schools'), first-rate; jolly. 1903R. N. Carey Passage Perilous (Tauchn.) 119 It is tipping, Chriss, and suits you down to the ground. |