| 释义 |
▪ I. throwing, vbl. n.1|ˈθrəʊɪŋ|
[f. as prec. + -ing1.]
The action of throw v.1
I.
1. (In form thrawing.) Twisting, wringing; turning or bending to one side; also fig. crossing, thwarting; quarrelling. Sc.
a1585Montgomerie Flyting 376 They deemde, what death it sould die..‘be throwing [v.r. thrawing] of the throate, Like a tyke ouer a tree’. 1785Burns Halloween xxiii, It chanc'd the stack..Was timmer-propt for thrawin'. 1816Scott Bl. Dwarf viii, Speak him fair, Hobbie; the like o' him will no bear thrawing. 1897Daily Rec. & Mail 17 Sept. 4 The present unsatisfactory condition of affairs is..due in great part to personal feeling and ‘thrawing’.
2. a. The turning of objects from wood; the shaping of round pottery on a potter's wheel.
c1440Promp. Parv. 493/1 Throwynge, or turnynge of vesselle, tornacio. 1483Cath. Angl. 385/1 A Thrawynge, to[r]natura. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVII. 811/1 (Stoneware) The mixture..is beat..and then is in order for throwing. 1832G. R. Porter Porcelain & Gl. 45 The operation of throwing consists in shaping such vessels as have a circular form, and is performed upon a machine called a potter's lathe. a1882Sir H. Cole 50 Yrs. Public Wk. (1884) I. 105 Superintending the throwing, turning, modelling, and moulding of a tea service.
b. The twisting of raw silk into thread.
1621–[see silk-throwing]. 1662Act 14 Chas. II, c. 15 §9 The said Corporation of Silk throwers shall not..make any Orders Ordinances or By-Lawes to sett any Rates or Prices whatsoever upon the Throwing of Silk. 1844G. Dodd Textile Manuf. vi. 192 The next process, called throwing, by which the two, three, five or a dozen threads are twisted firmly one round another. 1868Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. 288 The twisting or ‘throwing’ process is done by passing the thread of raw silk from an upright bottom through the eye of a craned wire flyer, which rapidly spins with the top of the bobbin revolving above.
II.
3. Projecting, casting, flinging, hurling (lit. or fig.). throwing at cocks: = cock-throwing.
13..Cursor M. 22683 (Edin. MS.) Þe stanis..Wit þrawing [Cott. thrauing, Fairf. casting, Gött. wid strenth] sal tai samin þrist, Þat al to pecis sal tai brist. 13..K. Alis. 1614 With launceynge and with rydyng With throwyng [Bodley MS. þraweynge], and with nymyng. 1375Barbour Bruce xiii. 156 Thar wes..sic thrawing and sic thristing,..That it wes hyd⁓wiss for till her. c1440Promp. Parv. 493/1 Throwynge, or castynge, jactura, jactus. 1639Drummond of Hawthornden Answ. to Objections Wks. (1711) 214 By throwing of oat-meal in the people's eyes. c1770(title) A friendly admonition against throwing at Cocks and of Cockfighting. 1833J. Nyren Yng. Cricketer's Tutor 90 Walker..began the system of throwing instead of bowling, now so much the fashion. At that time, it was esteemed foul play. 1897Daily News 1 Nov. 5/2 The throwing nuisance, which has for years been the scandal of English cricket.
4. With adverbs, as throwing about, throwing back, throwing down, throwing in, throwing off, throwing out, throwing up: see throw v.1 VI.
c1440Promp. Parv. 493/1 Throwynge downe, fro hey place.., precipicium. 1518Sel. Pl. Star Chamb. (Selden) II. 131 Yf they had known the throwyng downe of the seyd iij gappes. 1653H. More Antid. Ath. iii. ix. §4 The watch⁓men of the Town..heard..the fallings and throwings of things about. 1772Wollaston in Phil. Trans. LXIII. 68, I have set down the throwing-out of the pendulum,..on a scale behind it. 1785M. Garthshore in Med. Commun. II. 39 It terminated by the throwing off of sloughs. 1851Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XII. i. 88 These straining efforts are sometimes so energetic as to cause ‘throwing down’ of the uterus. 1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey II. 331 Throwing back the head (ἀνανεύειν) is still..a negative answer.
III. 5. attrib. and Comb. a. for throwing pottery or silk: as throwing-clay, throwing-house, throwing-machine, throwing-room; throwing-engine, applied by Nicholson to the driving-wheel of a potter's wheel; throwing-mill, (a) a building in which silk-throwing is carried on; (b) a machine for twisting raw silk into thread; throwing-table, a descriptive name for a potter's wheel: see quot.; throwing-wheel, a potter's wheel; sometimes, as in quot. 1825, applied to the driving-wheel. b. for casting, hurling, etc.: as throwing arm (properly ppl. a.), throwing-bat, throwing-club, throwing-hatchet, throwing-knife, throwing-net, throwing-spear; throwing-balls, the South American bolas; throwing-board, a spear-thrower, = throwing-stick a.; throwing-iron, a knife-like missile used by some African peoples. c. throwing power, the ability of an electrodepositing solution to produce an even coating on an irregularly shaped object.
a.
1686Plot Staffordsh. 122 All which they call *throwing clays, because they..will work on the wheel.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 462 A strap is attached from the driven cone to the spindle of the *throwing-engine.
1733P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 136 *Throwing Mills, after the Manner of that One at Darby. 1831G. R. Porter Silk Manuf. 201 Spinning or twisting the thread..wound upon the bobbins, is performed with the throwing mill. 1851L. D. B. Gordon in Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. p. ii. **/2 The factories in which raw silk is spun into silk-thread for weaving are called throwing mills.
1881Guide Worcester Porcel. Wks. 11 The *Throwing Room.
1877Knight Dict. Mech., *Throwing-table, a revolving, horizontal table on which earthen vessels are shaped by the potter.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 461 The *throwing-wheel, or, with greater propriety, the throwing-engine, consists of a large vertical wheel; having a winch or handle affixed to it, and a groove on the rim for the introduction of a cord [etc.].
b.
1972J. Mosedale Football ii. 19 Thanks to his accurate *throwing arm, New Orleans was..one of the darkest cities in America. 1977World of Cricket Monthly June 47/2 He had one of the strongest throwing arms ever seen in Australian cricket.
1891Cent. Dict., *Throwing-balls.
1845C. H. Smith in Kitto's Cycl. Bibl. Lit. s.v. Arms, Among these [instruments at first employed in the chase] were the club and the *throwing-bat.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., *Throwing-board.
1895Cornh. Mag. Dec. 634 The soldiers..had brought him down with *throwing-clubs.
1903Kipling in Windsor Mag. Sept. 370/1 Tegumai..was holding his stone *throwing-hatchet in one hand.
1898tr. Ratzel's Hist. Mankind III. 71 The indispensable weapon was the *throwing-iron, of which many carried several specimens,..in sheaths of hide.
Ibid. 72 *Throwing-knives are among the notable properties of the races of the Monbuttu type north of the Congo.
1902L. Loat in Boulenger Zool. Egypt, Fishes Nile Introd. (1907) 21 At Cairo..the commonest net of all is a circular *throwing-net,..with an average circumference of about 50 feet and a half-inch mesh.
1900A. B. Lloyd in Daily News 18 July 6/2 Each carried either bow and quiver of arrows, or short *throwing-spears.
c.
1922Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc. XLI. 363 The object of this study was the development of a zinc plating bath of high ‘throwing power’. 1932Metal Industry XL. 501/2 He had to undertake the task of determining the throwing power of several selected plating baths. 1966D. G. Brandon Mod. Techniques Metallogr. 5 Electropolishing..may even give a poor macropolish as a result of..poor throwing power in the electrolyte.
▪ II. throwing, vbl. n.2
suffering: see throw v.2 |