| 释义 |
Thermidorian, n. and a.|θɜːmɪˈdɔərɪən|
Also -ean.
[a. F. thermidorien, f. Thermidor + -ien, -ian.]
A. n.
a. Fr. Hist. One of those who took part in the overthrow of Robespierre on the 9th Thermidor (27 July) 1794.
1801W. Dupré Neological French Dict. 276 Un thermidorien, spéculateur révolutionnaire—A thermidorian, and speculator in revolutions. 1827Scott Napoleon Introd., The Thermidoriens, as the actors in Robespierre's downfall termed themselves. Ibid. III. 58 The Thermidoreans, who had killed Robespierre and now reigned in his stead. 1842[see thermidor 1].
b. A moderate opponent of a revolutionary movement; a counter-revolutionary.
1981Encounter Dec. 34/1 The Thermidorians..are themselves not easy to define..and the Thermidorian régime..is so fragmented as to defy any simple analysis.
B. adj.
a. Of, pertaining, or appropriate to the month Thermidor.
b. Of or pertaining to the Thermidorians: see A.
1891T. Hardy Tess xxii, June passed, and the Thermidorean weather which came in its wake seemed [etc.]. 1895Edin. Rev. Oct. 391 The Thermidorian leader [Barras].
c. Of, pertaining to, or designating a moderate reaction following a revolution.
1938C. Brinton Anatomy of Revolution viii. 244 The ensuing slow and uneven return to quieter, less heroic times has long been known to French historians as the Thermidorean reaction. 1974tr. Wertheim's Evolution & Revolution 333 It is against the background of these Thermidorian tendencies in the Soviet Union that we have to view the so-called ‘Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution’ in China. 1978Pacific Affairs LI. 474 For them the Thermidorian effects of the bureaucratic restoration were much mitigated by the emergence at the helm of the enlightened Chou En-lai. 1981[see sense b of the n. above]. |