| 释义 |
exceptive, a. and n.|ɛkˈsɛptɪv|
[ad. late L. exceptīv-us, f. except- ppl. stem of excipĕre: see except v. Cf. OF. exceptif.]
A. adj.
1. Logic, etc.
a. Of a word, esp. a particle: That introduces an exception.
[a1249W. Shyreswood in Prantl Gesch. Logik III. 21 Postquam dictum est de signis et de dictionibus exceptivis..convenienter dicendum est de hac dictione ‘solus’.] 1624H. Mason Art of Lying v. 84 That which this sentence doth deny of the Sonne, it doth by vertue of the exceptiue particle adioyned, affirme of the Father; No man, no nor the Sonne doth know it, but the Father. 1659Instruct. Oratory (1682) 108 (T.) It is to be inferred either by a conjunction, causal, illative, exceptive, etc. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v. Conjunction, Exceptive Conjunctions are, if it be not..unless that, etc.
b. Of a proposition: That has a specified exception attached to the subject; e.g. Nothing on earth but man is great.
[a1347W. Occam in Prantl Gesch. Logik III. 409 Circa exceptivas est sciendum, quod ex omnibus exceptivis in prima figura non sequitur conclusio exceptiva.] 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 13/2 The proposition is not exceptiue, excluding other apostles. 1725Watts Logic iii. ii. §4 Exceptive Propositions will make complex Syllogisms. 1870Jevons Logic vii. 68 Exceptive propositions.
c. Of a clause, law, etc.: Making an exception, excepting something from a general rule.
1643Milton Divorce ii. v. (1851) 74 A dispensation..is rather a particular and exceptive law absolving and disobliging from a more general command. 1837Lockhart Scott (1839) VI. 37 note, The hostile critic selected for exceptive encomium one ‘old Jacobite strain’. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. I. 416 An exceptive clause introduced into the act. 1884L. Peel in Law Times 7 June 104/1 This is again the application of the exceptive distinction.
2. Of persons and their utterances: Disposed or tending to take exception; hypercritical, captious.
1621W. Sclater Tythes (1623) 197 His proceedings, though too too exceptiue, yet such as, being yeilded, inferred nothing against the Diuine ius for Tithing. 1858Chamb. Jrnl. X. 280 Any exceptive persons who are not inclined to rest satisfied with appearances and authorities. 1861Tulloch Eng. Purit. iii. 374 His criticisms..show his singularly exceptive, and over-curious logic.
3. = exceptional.
1849F. W. Newman Soul 168 This is..an exceptive case.
B. n. [The adj. used absol.] Logic. An exceptive word or proposition. Cf. A. 1 a and b.
1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 20/2 Yet upon his exclusiues and negatiues, this exceptiue must needs be inferred. 1579Fulke Heskins' Parl. 174 The scriptures that say Christ is in heauen speake without exclusiues, or exceptiues. 1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter i. 10 All these exceptives, ‘but’, ‘notwithstanding’, ‘nevertheless’, are against us. 1864Bowen Logic v. 145 These [Exponibles] are divided into Exclusives, Exceptives and Restrictives.
Hence exˈceptively adv., in an exceptive manner or sense. excepˈtivity, nonce-wd., readiness to make exceptions (from rules of conduct).
1609J. Raynolds Agst. Bellarmine (1610) 5 If the worde be taken exceptively, yet may it be an exception negative. 1621W. Sclater Tythes (1623) 39 They are exceptiuely or disiunctiuely only allotted. 1870Contemp. Rev. XV. 447 Milverton. They do not know when to make the exceptions. Ellesmere. Exceptivity (I like to coin a new word) requires so much moral courage. |