| 释义 |
thegn Hist.|θeɪn|
A form used by some recent historians to represent the OE. þeᵹn (þeᵹen, þén), thane1, in its sense of tenant by military service, and as a term of rank below the ealdorman or eorl and above the ceorl, corresponding in its various grades to the post-conquest baron and knight.
The purpose of this spelling is to distinguish the Anglo-Saxon from the Scottish use of thane1 (sense 4), made familiar by Shakespeare.
1848Lytton Harold i. i, A Thegn forfeited his rank if he lost his lands. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. I. vi. 428 note, The signatures are no doubt those of local Thegns. 1874Stubbs Const. Hist. I. vi. 155 Closely connected with the gesith is the thegn... The thegn seems to be primarily the warrior gesith; in this idea Alfred uses the word as translating the miles of Bede. But he also appears as a landowner. Ibid. 156 The name of thegn covers the whole class which after the Conquest appears under the name of knights, with the same qualification in land and nearly the same obligations. 1890Gross Gild Merch. I. 185 The merchant who made three voyages across the ocean at his own cost became a thegn.
Hence ˈthegn-born a., of noble or gentle birth. ˈthegndom, the position or rank of thegn. ˈthegnhood, the condition or position of a thegn; the order of thegns, thegns collectively. ˈthegn-land, land held by a thegn. ˈthegnly, a. and adv. [OE. þeᵹnlíc, -líce], (a) adj. of or pertaining to, or becoming a thegn; (b) adv. in a manner becoming a thegn. ˈthegn-right, the legal rights and privileges of a thegn. ˈthegn-ship [OE. þeᵹnscipe], the office, function, or position of a thegn (in various senses). ˈthegn-wer [OE. þeᵹnwer], the wer-gild of a thegn. ˈthegn-worthy a.: see quot.
c935Dunsæte c. 5 in Liebermann Gesetze (1903) 376 Sy he *ðeᵹenboren, sy he ceorlboren. 1874Stubbs Const. Hist. I. vi. 156 The thegn-born are contrasted with the ceorl-born.
1897Rampini Hist. Moray & Nairn i. 46 The principle of comradeship..underlay English *thegndom.
1867Freeman Norm. Conq. I. iii. 95 The growth of the *Thegnhood was, on the whole, depressing to the Ceorls. 1881S. R. Gardiner Introd. Stud. Eng. Hist. ii. 34 The thegnhood pushed its roots down, as it were, amongst the free classes.
a1100Charter of Will. II in Tabularis Ramesiensi clxxviii (Du Cange), Si terra de Isham..si vero *Teinlanda tunc fuisse inveniatur. 1628Coke On Litt. 86 In the book of Domesday land holden by knight's service was called Tainland. 1876Digby Real Prop. i. §2 (ed. 2) 13 Tain- or thegn-land. This seems to mean not a particular species of tenure, but land which was as a fact held or owned by a king's thegn.
c1000ælfric Hom. I. 586 Andreas..is ᵹereht *ðeᵹenlic. a1038Charter of Eanwene in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 55 Heo..to ðam þeᵹnon cwæð: Doð þeᵹnlice and wel! Abeodað mine ærende to ðam ᵹemote. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. V. xxiv. 450 The words of Eanwene, when she bade the Scirgemót of Herefordshire to ‘do thegnly and well’. 1897Maitland Domesday & Beyond 53 The men..are usually men of thegnly rank. Ibid. 165 Each..will be entitled to a thegnly wergild and swear a thegnly oath.
c1000Oaths in Liebermann (1903) 464 Se mæssepreost..bið *þeᵹenrihtes wyrþe. 1872E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 118 None could pretend to the privileges of full thegn-right without the possession of at least a township.
959–62Laws of Edgar iii. c. 2 Se dema, se ðe oðrum on woh ᵹedeme..þoliᵹe a his *þeᵹnscipes. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives (1890) II. 82 Beoð nu ᵹehyrte..and healdað mid ðeᵹen-scipe ða halᵹan Godes æ. 1897Maitland Domesday & Beyond 163 We begin by thinking of thegnship as a relation between two men... Then the thegnship becomes more than a relationship, it becomes a status.
1008Laws of Ethelred v. c. 9 Þæt he sy *þeᵹenweres & þeᵹenrihtes wyrðe.
1874Stubbs Const. Hist. I. vi. 155 The ceorl who has acquired five hides of land,..with other judicial rights, becomes *thegn-worthy; his oath and protection and wergild are those of a thegn. |