| 释义 |
adsorption|ædˈsɔːpʃən|
[f. L. ad to, towards + -sorption, see absorption.]
a. The process by which specific gases, liquids or substances in solution adhere to the exposed surfaces of materials, usually solids, with which they are in contact.
1882in Nature XXVI. 139 ‘Adsorption,’ or condensation of gases on surfaces of solids. 1904R. A. Lehfeldt tr. Nernst's Theor. Chem. 129 Adsorption.—Charcoal shaken with an iodine solution or placed in an atmosphere of iodine vapour condenses appreciable amounts of iodine on its surface; this is known as ‘adsorption’. 1912E. Hatschek Introd. Physics & Chem. Colloids (1913) i. 5 One other property of colloids..is their capacity for taking dissolved substances out of solution and retaining them... This phenomenon..is now generally called ‘Adsorption’... Specially striking is the power of ‘selective adsorption’..possessed by many substances. 1928W. A. Caspari Struct. & Prop. Matter ii. 37 Adsorption from liquids is of the highest technical importance.
b. attrib. and Comb., as adsorption force; adsorption compound, a compound formed between an adsorbing surface and the substance adsorbed; adsorption isotherm, a curve plotted to show the relative proportion of adsorption and concentration in a fluid or solution at a constant temperature.
1908Chem. Abstr. 1571 (title) Colloids and their Adsorption Compounds. 1913Ibid. 438 Negative adsorption isotherms. 1918A. M. Williams in Proc. R. Soc. Edin. XXXIX. 48 (title) Adsorption isotherm at low concentrations. 1920C. F. Cross & E. J. Bevan Paper-Making (ed. 5) i. 65 The lignocelluloses are adsorption compounds of lignones and cellulose. 1938R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesy & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) xv. 147 Non-specific adsorption forces do not play a part in this process.
Hence adˈsorptional a., pertaining to adsorption.
1928W. A. Caspari Struct. & Prop. Matter ii. 35 Adsorptional effects are by no means limited to the liquid state. |