| 释义 |
▪ I. escarp, n. Fortif.|ɪˈskɑːp|
[a. Fr. escarpe, ad. It. scarpa. Cf. scarp.]
1. ‘A steep bank or wall immediately in front of and below the rampart..generally the inner side of the ditch’ (Adm. Smyth).
1688J.S. Fortification 27 The Escarpe or Slope of the Ditch next to the wall. 1811Wellington in Gurw. Disp. VIII. 12 The enemy had cleared the rubbish from the bottom of the escarp. 1853Sir H. Douglas Mil. Bridges 338 The crest of the exterior slope, or escarp.
2. transf. A natural formation of a similar kind.
1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. vii. 81 These shelves..presented distinct and recognisable embankments or escarps of elevation. 1868Sir R. Napier Disp. on Capture of Magdala 12 May, Sir Charles Staveley effected an entrance..through a difficult crevice in the rocky escarps.
▪ II. escarp, v.|ɪˈskɑːp|
[ad. Fr. escarper, f. escarpe: see prec. The aphetic form scarp is the more usual.]
trans. To make into an escarp, to cut or form into a steep slope; to furnish with scarps.
1728G. Carleton Mem. 100 The Glacis was all escarp'd upon the live Rock. 1852Lever Daltons II. 265 Carried along the mountain-side by a track escarped in the rock itself. 1855Bailey Mystic 69 The angels wrought the mountains, bulk by bulk, And chain by chain, serrated or escarped. 1884World 27 Feb. 6/2 Billows of land, washed and escarped by ancient seas.
Hence eˈscarped ppl. a., cut out in the form of an escarp.
1853Kane Grinnell Exp. vi. (1856) 48 The dike..rising up..into escarped terraces nearly 1400 feet high. 1859Jephson Brittany v. 47 The escarped rock upon which they were constructed. |