| 释义 |
admonish, v.|ædˈmɒnɪʃ|
Forms: 4–6 amonest; 4 ammonest, amonist; 5 amonace, amonesshe, -esche; 5–6 admonest; 6 admonase, admonyss, -ysch, -yssh; 6– admonish.
[a. OFr. amoneste-r:—late L. admonestā-re an unexplained derivative form of L. admonēre. In Eng. the final -t was at length taken as the ppl. ending, leaving the stem as amoness, amonase, which soon by form-association with vbs. like abolisse, abolish, became amonesh. Meanwhile the prefix also was refashioned after L., giving admonest, admonesse, admonish. The refashioning of the termination is seen in the following:
c1386Chaucer Parsons T. 509 Whan a man is sharpely amonested in his schrift to forleten his synne. So Ellesmere and Christch. MSS.; Camb. amonestid, Petw. amonased, = amonest, Selden amonesshed, Lansd. amonesched.]
1. gen. To put (a person) in mind of duties; to counsel against wrong practices; to give authoritative or warning advice; to exhort, to warn.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. (1868) 171 Ȝif þou erþely man wexest yuel..þis figure amonesteþ þe. 1382Wyclif 1 Cor. iv. 14, I amoneste or warne [ȝou] as my moost dereworthe sones. c1400Apol. for Lollards 93 Feiþful prestis ammonest þe peple. 1489Caxton Fayt of Armes iv. xiii. 270 Thus oughte the sayde wysemen to exorte and admoneste them. 1534Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. of M. Aurel (1546) K ij, Admonishe her often, and reproue her but seldome. 1611Bible 2 Thess. iii. 15 Count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 1174, I warned thee, I admonished thee, foretold The danger. 1807Crabbe Libr. 44 Fools they admonish and confirm the wise. 1824Dibdin Libr. Comp. 92 He makes our hearts reprove, admonish and comfort us.
b. absol.
1375Barbour Bruce viii. 348 Bot he mycht nocht amonist swa That ony for him vald turne agane. 1754Chatham Lett. to Nephew v. 39 When they [servants] are bad, pity, admonish, and part with them if incorrigible.
†2. To call to mind, inculcate (a thing). Obs.
c1386Chaucer Melib. 328 In manye othere places he amonesteth pees and accord [Corpus amonysscheþ]. c1400Apol. for Lollards 32 To preche is in siche maner to a monest good þingis, as Crist bad His disciplis do.
3. To put (one) in mind to do a duty; to charge (a person) authoritatively, to exhort, urge (always with a tacit reference to the danger or penalty of failure). Const. inf. or subord. clause; (to rare and obs.)
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 818 Loth..his men amonestes mete for to dyȝt. 1340Ayenb. 8 Þis heste ous amonesteþ þet we ous loky þet we ne wreþþi uader ne moder. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. vii. (1520) 84 We admonest you fyrste in the popes halfe that ye make full restytucyon. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. ccccxix. 733 Admonyst your people to do well their deuoyre. 1557Kynge Arthur v. viii, Syrs I admonest you that thys daye ye fyght..as men. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 11 Doth not a margine do well to admonish the Reader to seeke further? 1709Strype tr. Beza in Ann. Ref. (1824) I. xliv. 174 To send their letter..to the queen and bishops, to admonish them to their duty. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. II. xli. 502 He admonished the usurper to repent of his treason. 1860Tyndall Glaciers i. §16. 117 Bennen admonished me to tread in his steps.
4. To put (a person) in mind of anything to be avoided; to warn or caution against danger, error, or fault. Const. usually of, rarely against, for, or subord. clause.
1541Elyot Image of Gov. (1549) 49 He would admonest or warne him of his lacke in diligence. 1718Free-thinker No. 68, 87, I promised..to admonish the Ladies against the Innovation of Masquerades. 1754Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. x. 289 Moses was sent..to reprove and admonish the People for their manifold Transgressions. 1785Rolliad. Ded. (1799) 21 To admonish them, how they rush into future dangers. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. ii. xii. 277 A gallows erected on an eminence admonished the offenders of the fate that awaited them.
5. To put (a person) in mind of a thing forgotten, overlooked, or unknown; to give formal or express notice; to notify, apprize, or inform. Const. of or subord. clause.
1574tr. Marlorats Apocalips 3 Miracles doe teache men and admonishe them of Gods will. 1586Thynne Contn. Holinshed in Animadv. 70, I am to admonish thee, good reader, that..I have neither word for word, nor sentence for sentence, set downe the writings of Lesleus. 1661Bramhall Just Vind. vii. 198 So soon as he shall be admonished of the Kings pleasure. 1710Berkeley Princ. Hum. Knowl. i. §44 [They] only admonish us what ideas of touch will be imprinted in our minds. 1844Lingard Hist. A.-Sax. Ch. (1858) II. i. 11 Admonished her of the obligations which it imposed. 1851Carlyle Sterling i. ii. (1872) 10 Descended, too, from the Scottish hero Wallace, as the old gentleman would sometimes admonish them. 1855Prescott Philip II, ii. (1857) 281 The duchess of Parma admonished her brother that the lords chafed much under his long silence. |