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Templar, n.|ˈtɛmplə(r)|
Forms: 3–7 templer, 4–5 -ere, (5 templeer), 5– templar.
[a. AF. templer, OF. templier (c 1200 in Godef.), = med.L. templārius (Du Cange), f. templum, temple n.1: see -er2 2; also templārēs, pl. of cl. L. templāris, in papal document of 1157 in Muratori Antiq., Diss. xi. (1774) II. 329. For later spelling see -ar2.]
1. A member of a military and religious order, consisting of knights (Knights Templars, Knights or Poor Soldiers of the Temple), chaplains, and men-at-arms, founded c 1118, chiefly for the protection of the Holy Sepulchre and of Christian pilgrims visiting the Holy Land: so called from their occupation of a building on or contiguous to the site of the Temple of Solomon at Jerusalem. They were suppressed in 1312.
c1290Beket 2264 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 171 He [K. Hen. II, as part of his penance] scholde finde to hundret knyȝtes to fiȝte Al ane ȝer with þe templers for holi churche riȝte. 13..Coer de L. 3920 Hys..Templeres and hys Hospytalers. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 305 A templer of pris, Sir Brian þe geay, Maister templere he was on þis half þe se. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 293 Þe fifte Clement was pope..he dampned þe ordre of Frere Templers. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 681/23 Hic templarius, a templer. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 146 The Templars which were therein returned home out of Fraunce. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 29 Hugh Paganus first Master of the Templers..returned with a great number of zealous Christians, ready to lay down their liues for defence of the Christian faith and religion. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. (1637) 427 A church for Knights Templars, which they had newly built according to the forme of the Temple neere unto the Sepulchre of Our Lord at Hierusalem. 1700Tyrrell Hist. Eng. II. 745 One Durand a Knight-Templar. 1839Keightley Hist. Eng. I. 266 It was in the reign of Edward II that the potent and wealthy order of Knights Templars was suppressed throughout Europe. 1910C. Perkins in Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. 224 There do not appear to have been over fifteen or twenty knights in the total of 144 Templars in the British Isles.
b. Phrase.
1653Urquhart Rabelais i. v. 26, I drink no more then a spunge, I drink like a Templer Knight [orig. je boy comme ung Templier]. 1819Scott Ivanhoe xxxv, Now, to drink like a Templar is the boast of each jolly boon companion!
2. A barrister or other person who occupies chambers in the Inner or Middle Temple (see temple n.1 5).
1588Marprel. Epist. (Arb.) 26 Let the Templars haue M. Trauers their preacher restored againe vnto them. 1628in Crt. & Times Chas. I (1848) I. 311 On Saturday last, the Templars chose one Mr. Palmes..their lord of misrule. 1683Tryon Way to Health 481 But very few Inns of Court Gentlemen or Templers. 1687Montague & Prior Hind & P. Transv. 22 Many a young Templer will save his shilling by this Stratagem of my Mice. a1760H. Browne Pipe Tobacco, Imit. v, Blest leaf! whose aromatic gales dispense To Templars modesty, to Parsons sense. 1815Lamb Let. to Southey 6 May, I am a Christian, Englishman, Londoner, Templar. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. i, The part which is common to the higher classes of the law at Edinburgh, and which nearly resembles that of the young Templars in the days of Steele and Addison. 1902J. Hutchinson (title) A Catalogue of Notable Middle Templars.
3. a. A member of an order of Freemasons calling themselves Knights Templars, extensively established in the United States.
1859(title) A Service for the Encampments of Knights Templars together with a Sketch of the History of the Order. 1859[see Templary n. 3]. 1878[see encampment 3]. 1904Westm. Gaz. 2 Aug. 2/3 The Royal Arch degree, the possession of which in these later times has been held essential to a Knight Templar.
b. Short for Good Templar, q.v.
1874–[see Good Templar]. 1885Daily Chron. 3 Sept. (Cassell) He had often feared lest any of..their juvenile templars should be decoyed away on their journey to or from the meetings. 1905Daily News 30 Oct. 8 The Baron..being by no means a templar according to the jargon of today—‘templar’ or ‘teetotaler’, whatever the phrase may be.
4. An official of the Jewish temple. nonce-use.
1884H. W. Beecher in Chr. World Pulpit XXV. 11/3 It was this [the raising of Lazarus]..that brought..the determination of the templars that He should perish.
5. attrib., as Templar Knight, Templar order, etc.
c1440Alphabet of Tales 233 Cesarius tellis how some tyme þer was a preste of þe Templer ordur. 1537Orig. & Sprynge Sectes 15 Templare Lordes. Ibid. 16 Templare Knyghtes. 1819Scott Ivanhoe xxxviii, A huge volume, which contained the proceedings of the Templar Knights.
Hence ˈTemplardom, the community or body of Templars; † Temˈplarian a. Obs., of or pertaining to the Templars; ˈTemplarism, the principles of Templars (in any of the senses, e.g. = Good Templarism); ˈTemplarlike adv., like a Templar.
1877G. H. Kingsley Sport & Trav. (1900) 345 The most temperate races of the world are apt to burst out..to the utter confusion of all ‘Good *Templardom’.
1600W. Watson Decacordon (1602) 19 Seditious *Templarian Iesuiticall sectaries. 1612T. James Jesuits' Downf. 48 For as they liue iust Templarlike in all things, so there will be a right Templarian downefall.
1888J. Shallow Templars Trials 69 M. Loiseleur dilates..on the difference between Gnosticism and *Templarism. 1893Voice (N.Y.) 15 June, He spoke of the drink question as affecting native races, and the spread of Templarism in India, Africa and Australasia. |