| 释义 |
‖ epicheirema|ˌɛpɪkaɪˈriːmə|
Also 8 epichirema.
[mod.L., a. Gr. ἐπιχείρηµα lit. ‘an attempt’, f. ἐπιχειρέειν to undertake, f. ἐπί upon + χείρ hand.]
(See quots.)
Aristotle used the word to denote ‘an attempted proof, such as is used in Dialectic, being something short of a demonstrated conclusion’ (Liddell & Scott); the use defined below is due to a misunderstanding of his meaning.
1721in Bailey. 1724Watts Logic iii. ii. §6 Epichirema is a Syllogism which contains the Proof of the major or minor, or both, before it draws the Conclusion. 1837–8Sir W. Hamilton Logic xix. (1866) I. 365 A syllogism is now vulgarly called an Epicheirema, when to either of the two premises, or to both, there is annexed a reason for its support. 1870Jevons Elem. Logic xviii. 155 The peculiar name Epicheirema is given to a syllogism when either premise is proved or supported by a reason implying the existence of an imperfectly expressed prosyllogism. |