| 释义 |
tawny, a. and n.|ˈtɔːnɪ|
Forms: α. 4–7 tauny, 5– tawny; also 4 tawne, (4–5 taunde), (6 tawneye, 6–7 -ie, 6–9 -ey). β. (chiefly north. and Sc.) 5 tannye, tannee, 5–6 tanne, tany, 5–7 tanny; see also tenne.
[ME. tauny, tawne, a. AF. taune, OF. tané (12–13th c. in Godef. Compl.), later tanné, ‘foncé comme le tan’, f. tan, tan n.1 The au, aw appears to have arisen from the OF. pronunciation, in which the a before n was nasalized, tãne (tɑ̃ne): cf. pawn, aunt, † demaund, † Fraunce.]
Name of a composite colour, consisting of brown with a preponderance of yellow or orange; but formerly applied also to other shades of brown.
A. as adj. Having, or being of, this colour.
α1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 196 Þanne cam coueytise..in a tauny tabarde of twelue wynter age. 1395E.E. Wills (1882) 5, I deuyse to..my doughter a tawne bed of silk. 1487in Surrey Archæol. Soc. Collect. (1865) III. 163, I bequeathe my tawny velvet gowne to be made a chesible thereof. 1538Test. Ebor. (Surtees) VI. 85 My tawney chamlett dublett. 1578Lyte Dodoens i. xxi. 32 Peruincle..The floure most commonly is blew, & sometimes white, & tawnie, but very seldome. 1599Davies Immort. Soul clxxxviii, As the World's Sun..Makes the Moor black, the European white; Th' American tawny. 1601B. Jonson Poetaster iii. iv, We must haue you turne fiddler againe,..get a base violin at your backe, and marche in a tawnie coate. 1632Lithgow Trav. iv. 162 The other Turkes which are borne in Asia major and ægypt..are of a greater stature, tauny. 1706Phillips (ed. 6), Tawny, that is of a tanned, or yellowish, or dusky Colour. 1791Cowper Iliad x. 211 A lion's tawny skin Around him wrapp'd. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. xii, That port, being a light and tawny wine. 1856Delamer Fl. Gard. (1861) 60 Hemerocallis flava.—Day Lily; a plant with yellow or tawny flowers. 1904Blackw. Mag. July 2 The patched old tawny sails.
βc1425tr. Arderne's Surgery (E.E.T.S.) 27 Puluer of gallez and psidie and puluer tanny. 1564Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 308 Sex pece of broun and tanne clayth. a1585Polwart Flyting w. Montgomerie 736 Tanny cheeks, I think thou speiks with thy breeks. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 270 They resemble the similitude of a tanie or a white man. 1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nat. Paradox 362 Her complexion (which is somewhat tanny by beeing much exposed to the Sun).
B. as n.
1. Tawny colour. In Her. = tenne.
a1400–50Alexander 4335 Nouthire to toly ne to taunde transmitte we na vebbis, To vermylion ne violett ne variant littis. c1410Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) xiii, Þe best hue of rennynge houndes whiche be goode, is cleped broune tanne. 1493Mem. Ripon (Surtees) III. 164 Pro xij virgis panni coloris de tawne pro vestura choristarum. 1601Holland Pliny xxiv. iv. 178 Without forth of a light tawnie or yellowish red. 1610J. Guillim Heraldry i. iii. (1660) 20 Tawny (saith Leigh) is a Colour of Worship, and of some Heralds it is called Bruske. 1641G. Sandys Paraphr. Song Sol. i. i, This Tawney from the Sun I took. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters I. 103 The bright red is reduced to somewhat of a tawny. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxiv, I ain't particular about a shade or so of tawny.
†2.
a. Cloth of a tawny colour. [Cf. OF. tanné.]
α1416in Somerset Med. Wills (1901) 75, j joup de Taune furr[ata] cum nigro. 1462Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 149 Ffor a ȝerd and di. off tawny, vj.s. vj.d. 1566in Hakluyt Voy. (1598) I. 358 Some blacks for womens garments, with some Orenge colours and tawneis. 1572in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 187 Of Satten Tawnie twelve yardes. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1338/1 Clothed in white, yellow, & orange tawnie.
β1462Paston Lett. II. 103 Your son wolle haue to hys jakets murry and tany. 1494,1502Rowane tanne [see Rowan3]. 1497Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 343 For iij elne and ane half of Rowane tannee. 1501Ibid. II. 49, iiij elne Franch tanne.
†b. pl. Garments made of this cloth. Obs.
c1800R. Cumberland John de Lancaster (1809) III. 116 The..livery-men brushing up their orange tawnies.
3. A brown-skinned person; = tawny-moor. arch.
1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 347 There are Tawnies amongst them, they weare in their eares rings of gold and silver. 1681Lond. Gaz. No. 1672/4 Run away..a Tall slender Indian Tawney. 1751Franklin Observ. Wks. 1887 II. 234 In America, where we have so fair an opportunity, by excluding all blacks and tawnys, of increasing the lovely white and red. 1850Smedley Frank Fairlegh xxx, Rajah somebody or other..on his elephant, attended by a train of tawnies.
†4. A sweet beverage, so called from its colour.
βc1430Two Cookery-bks. 26 Take almaunde Mylke, & Sugre, an powdere Gyngere, & of Galyngale, & of Canelle, and Rede Wine, & boyl y-fere: & þat is gode tannye.
5. A local name for the common bullfinch, from the colouring of the female.
1847–78Halliwell, Tawny, a bullfinch. Somerset. 1885Swainson Provinc. Names Birds 67 The same parts in the female are reddish-brown; hence Tawny (Somerset).
6. = tawny port, sense C. c below.
1929J. B. Priestley Good Companions ii. i. 278 ‘Waiter, I want a bottle of port.’.. ‘Well, we've the Tawny at three-and-nine the bottle.’ 1959W. James Word-bk. Wine 148 The commonest style of port is tawny, a blend of several vintages between four and ten years old. Ibid., White port is simply port made from white grapes, and is sometimes blended with young red port to make the cheaper sorts of tawny. 1976Times 6 Nov. 13/2 Prices are around {pstlg}3 for a fine old tawny, about {pstlg}4 to {pstlg}5 for a vintage.
C. Combinations and special collocations.
a. Parasynthetic, etc., as tawny-coloured, tawny-eyed, tawny-faced, tawny-haired, tawny-necked, tawny-skinned, tawny-stained, tawny-tanned, tawny-throated, tawny-visaged, tawny-whiskered.
1572in Hakluyt Voy. (1600) III. 465 The people of the countrey are of a good stature, tawny coloured, broad faced, flat nosed. a1618Sylvester Spectacles x, When the Leaves in Autumn wither With a tawny-tanned Face. 1687Lond. Gaz. No. 2298/3 A tawny visaged Man. 1740Pineda Span. Dict. s.v. Denostar, A tawny fac'd Woman dress'd up, reviles the fair one. 1839Bailey Festus v. (1852) 65 Red, black or white, olive, or tawny-skinned. 1853M. Arnold Philomela in Poems (new ed.) 64 Hark! ah, the nightingale! The tawny-throated! 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede v, Some tawny-whiskered, brown-locked, clear-complexioned young Englishman. 1862Burton Bk.-Hunter i. 18 He was not a black-letter man..or a tawny-moroccoite [collector of books bound in tawny morocco]. 1930E. Blunden Poems 42 And tawny-stained with ruin [the brook] trolls across The tiny village battered into dross. 1940C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil's Georgics iv. 90 A laminated dragon or lioness tawny-necked. 1952R. Campbell tr. Baudelaire's Poems 87 Like angels fierce and tawny-eyed, Back to your chamber I will glide.
b. With other names of colour, expressing a modification by tawny, as tawny-brown, etc.
1502Privy Purse Exp. Eliz. of York (1830) 9, iiij yerdes..of sarcenet of tawny grene. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 121 The people were black, or rather of a tawny dark brown. 1751Affect. Narr. of Wager 97 Their Colour a Tawney Olive. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 280 It..becomes of a tawney yellow colour. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 619 For..tawny-gray,..the stuff must receive a previous blue ground by dipping it in the indigo vat. 1905Westm. Gaz. 4 Mar. 2/3, I looked across the desert, tawny⁓gold beneath the pitiless sun.
c. In special collocations, esp. in names of particular species of animals of a tawny colour, or plants with tawny flowers, as tawny bunting, tawny monkey, tawny thrush, tawny vulture; tawny day-lily, tawny sedge; also in collectors' names of moths, as tawny pinion, tawny wave, etc.; † tawny-coat, an ecclesiastical apparitor, from the colour of his livery; tawny eagle, Aquila rapax, found in Africa and western Asia; tawny emperor, collectors' name for Apatura herse, a large butterfly (cf. emperor 4); tawny frogmouth = podargus; tawny owl: see owl n. 2 b; tawny port, a port wine made from a blend of several vintages matured in wood (see quot. 1951).
1766Pennant Zool. I. 112 *Tawny Bunting.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. iii. 56 Out *Tawney-Coates, out Scarlet Hypocrite. 1634Heywood Mayden-head Lost i. Wks. 1874 IV. 114 Though I was neuer Tawny-coate, I haue playd the summoners part.
1859Ibis I. 88 The claim of the *Tawny Eagle..to be considered European rests at present solely upon a trophy of the Russian war. 1912J. Stevenson-Hamilton Animal Life Afr. xvii. 286 The tawny eagle is of mottled brown colour above, and tawny chestnut beneath, with yellow legs. 1979G. & D. Lloyd Birds of Prey 82 The Tawny Eagle..of Africa and Asia is 26 to 31 inches in size and is the world's commonest eagle.
1901A. J. Campbell Nests & Eggs Austral. Birds II. 539 (heading) *Tawny frogmouth. 1933[see podargus]. 1968Breeden & Slater Birds Austral. 69 (caption) The yawn of this Tawny Frogmouth reveals its enormous gape.
1768Pennant Zool. I. 158 The *Tawny Owl... The color of this kind is sufficient to distinguish it from every other.
1848Thackeray Van. Fair xliii. 382 The particular *tawny port was produced when he dined with Mr. Osborne. 1951R. Postgate Plain Man's Guide to Wine viii. 116 Tawny port is port of various years, blended and matured in cask... Tawny port..soon loses the rich purple colour of vintage port, and is ready to drink much sooner. 1979Country Life 4 Jan. 40/1 (Advt.), Old Tawny Port wines by Quinta do Noval..Portugal.
1859Miss Pratt Brit. Grasses 35 C[arex] fulva (*Tawny Sedge).
1783Latham Synopsis III. 28 *Tawny Thrush, Arct. Zool... Head, back, and wing coverts tawny. 1891Cent. Dict. s.v., Tawny thrush, the veery, or Wilson's thrush, Turdus fuscescens, one of the four song⁓thrushes which are common in eastern parts of North America.
1781Latham Synopsis Birds I. 19 *Tawny Vulture... Inhabits Falkland Islands.
Hence † ˈtawny v. trans., to make tawny; to tan. Obs. rare.
1602Breton Mother's Blessing (Grosart) 9/1 The Sunne so soone, the painted face will tawny. 1613Heywood Brazen Age ii. ii, He smels all smoake, and with his nasty sweate Tawnies my skinne. |