| 释义 |
taphrogenesis Geol.|tæfrəʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs|
Also tafro-.
[ad. G. tafrogenese (E. Krenkel Die Bruchzonen Ostafrikas (1922) v. 181), taphrogenese (― Geologie Afrikas (1928) II. 636), f. Gr. τάϕρος pit: see -genesis.]
The formation of large-scale geological structures by high-angle or block faulting, esp. as the result of tensional forces in the crust. Hence taphroˈgenic a.
1923Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. XXXIV. 200 Faulting through tension [in East Africa] has gone on in compensation for the orogeny elsewhere. Therefore tafrogenesis (from the Greek for rifts or graben) is the counterpart of orogenesis, and East Africa is the type area for tafrogenic structures. 1963E. S. Hills Elem. Structural Geol. xi. 315 Taphrogenic movements—The necessity to recognise a third type of movement is indicated by the tectonic importance of major belts of block faulting, notably the rift valley and graben zones... The term was coined for the East African rifts, and is largely descriptive. In general, however, it implies tensional forces as opposed to horizontal compression for orogeny and differential vertical movements for epeirogeny. 1978Nature 9 Mar. 158/2 Sedimentation has been controlled by NW–SE trending faults in close relationship to the taphrogenesis of the SW–NE trending Benue trough. 1979Ibid. 7 June 478/3 There may be a long time interval between initial taphrogenic activity (‘rifting’) and creation of ocean floor by spreading (‘drifting’). |