| 释义 |
▪ I. encroach, n.|ɛnˈkrəʊtʃ|
Also 7 incroch.
[f. encroach v.]
Encroachment; gradual approach.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xxi. (1632) 1000 The further incroch of the French. 1666J. Smith Old Age (1676) 99 The insensible encroach of age is no where so soon discovered. a1716South 12 Serm. (1717) IV. 393 Grew into it by insensible Encroaches. 1920Conquest Nov. 39/3 Rocks are affected by micro⁓fungi, and may crumble as a result of their encroach into crevices and their subsequent action. 1924Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 714/1 From a line square of posts, bordering on the marshes, and on the mud-flats' farthest encroach, the one safe track leads shorewards.
▪ II. encroach, v.|ɛnˈkrəʊtʃ|
Forms: α. 4–7 encroch(e, (6 engroche), 6– encroach. β. 5–7 incroch(e, 6 incroatch, (ingroche), 6–8 incroach.
[a. OF. encrochier to seize, also refl. and intr. to perch, fasten upon, f. en- (see en-) + croc hook.]
†1. trans. To seize, acquire wrongfully (property or privilege). Also absol. Obs.
αa1400Morte Arth. 2036 The renkez..Encrochede alle Cristyndome be craftes of armes. 1494Fabyan, vii. ccxxx. 262 He wolde haue encroched thynges appertaynynge to y⊇ Crowne of Fraunce.. 1523Fitzherb. Surv. Prol., I make this boke..to thentent that the lordes.. shuld nat..haue their landes lost nor imbeselde nor encroched by one from another. a1593H. Smith Wks. (1866–7) I. 364 Base-born honours which they have encroached from men. 1605Verstegan Dec. Intell. (1634) 115 The Scottish men..did lastly encroach unto themselves a Kingdome. 1606G. W[oodcocke] tr. Hist. Ivstine H h 6 a The tribute which Iustinius had couetously enchroched.
βa1528Skelton Death Edw. IV, 51 And more euer to incroche redy was I bent. c1534tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. I. 65 Ingroching bootie echewhere plentifullie. 1587Myrr. for Mag., Brennus iv, Hee warned me I should not seeke t' incroatch That was not mine.
†b. Law. (See quot.) Obs.
1641Termes de la Ley 135 b, A Rent is said to be encroched, when the Lord by distresse or otherwise compells the tenant to pay more rent than he ought.
†c. In good or neutral sense: To obtain, gain. Obs. rare.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. A. 1116 Delyt þat his come encroched. Ibid. C. 18 For þay schal comfort encroche in kyþes ful mony.
2. intr. To trench or intrude usurpingly (esp. by insidious or gradual advances) on the territory, rights, or accustomed sphere of action of others. Also transf. and fig. of things: To make gradual inroads on, extend (its) boundaries at the expense of, something else. Const. on, upon (the territory, rights, etc. invaded, or the person whose rights are infringed); also simply.
αc1534tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 137 Bie littell and littell engroched on the sowthe partes of the Ile. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 423 See you that you suffer him not to encroch vpon you. 1713Steele Englishm. No. 29. 185, I shall not encroach upon your Time. 1791Smeaton Edystone L. §357 The sea encroached upon these cliffs. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 260 Restraining both churches..from encroaching on the functions of the civil magistrate. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 116 He who encroaches shall pay twofold the price of the injury.
β1541Elyot Image Gov. 155 b, He woulde not suffer his libertines to incroche vpon his possessions. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 136 Laws made by the Kings of this realm did never incroach upon the ghostly power which our Saviour by divine positive institution left only to his Church. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. IV. xliv. 201 The nucleus of a spot..often changes its figure, by umbra incroaching irregularly upon it.
†b. trans. To impose (an unfair burden or condition) upon. Obs. rare—1. (Doubtful: perh. what is used adverbially.)
1548Ld. Somerset Epist. Scots 244 What wil they not encroche vpon you?
3. intr. To advance, intrude beyond natural or conventional limits.
†b. refl. in same sense (obs. rare).
1555Fardle Facions App. 323 When the coueitous manne will encroche beyonde his boundes. 1599T. M[oufet] Silkwormes 48 Lest heate by stealth encroch it selfe too soone. 1618Bolton Florus iii. v. 181 Lucius Sulla..shoved the Enemie backe..from encroaching any farther. 1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 214 Those that falsly venture to encroach, Where Nature has deny'd them all Approach. 1830M. Donovan Dom. Econ. I. 3 A state which encroaches beyond the boundaries of sleep. [See also encroaching ppl. a.]
c. trans. To encroach upon.
1578Lyte Dodoens 660 This [Bramble] taketh roote easily..incroching grounde with the toppes of his branches. Ibid. 648 It incrocheth and winneth more ground.
†4. intr. To get oneself connected with. Obs. rare.
1579Gosson Apol. Sch. Abuse (Arb.) 73 Penelopes suters..were glad to encroche with some of her maides. |