| 释义 |
enantiomorph|ɛnˈæntɪəʊmɔːf|
[a. G. enantiomorph (C. F. Naumann Elemente d. theoretischen Krystallogr. (1856) ii. ii. 104), f. Gr. ἐναντίος opposite + µορϕή form.]
A form which is related to another as an object is related to its image in a mirror; a mirror image. Also adj. = enantioˈmorphic, -ˈmorphous adjs.; whence -ˈmorphously adv. So enantioˈmorphism, enantioˈmorphy, the condition or property of being enantiomorphous, esp. in Cryst.
1885A. C. Brown in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 312/1 Two figures or two portions of matter are said to be enantiomorph to each other when these forms are not superposable, i.e., the one will not fit into a mould which fits the other, but the one is identical in form with the mirror image of the other. Ibid., As an example of enantiomorphism we may take our two hands, which will not fit the same mould or glove, but the one of which resembles in figure the mirror image of the other. Ibid. 313/2 The crystallographic theory of enantiomorph crystals. Ibid. 314/1 We now know a considerable number of cases where..both enantiomorphs have been discovered, and many where only one has as yet been found. 1892Science XX. 89/1 Optical isomers..may..be taken as the analogues of enantiomorphous crystals, as of quartz, right-handed and left-handed; the pairs in each case being perfectly equivalent, but not superposable. 1895Story-Maskelyne Crystallogr. vi. §150. 169 The configuration of the one tetartohedron will then correspond to that of the other as seen in a mirror. In a word, the two tetarto⁓symmetrical forms are enantiomorphous. 1895Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 8) 600 The crystals..of the racemate differ from each other in the position of a certain unsymmetrical face; this is on the right hand in the one kind and on the left hand in the other (enantiomorphous). 1898Nature 8 Sept. 454/1 Enantiomorphism is possible only in the case of asymmetric solid figures. Ibid. 454/2 The special one-sided asymmetry of the base will modify its mode of combination with the two enantiomorphous acids. Ibid. 455/1 Asymmetric agents can only display selective action in dealing with enantiomorphs. 1898Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXIII. 608 The question of the proportion in which enantiomorphously related crystals are deposited. 1900A. Hill Introd. Sci. ii. 86 The lævo-rotary crystals look like the dextro-rotary when they are seen in a looking-glass. They are reversed or enantiomorphic in the language of crystallography. 1900J. Larmor æther & Matter 209 Enantiomorphy [of a molecule] reverses the signs of all its electrons and perverts their relative position. 1902H. A. Miers Min. 50 Two supplementary forms which are similar but not identical are said to be ‘enantiomorphous’; all forms which have neither a centre nor a plane of symmetry are enantiomorphous to another form. 1929Times 2 Feb. 8/3 The whole is a perfect enantiomorph (mirror image) of the coast of Holland and the Zuyder Zee. 1951N. F. M. Henry et al. Interpr. X-Ray Diffraction Photogr. i. 6/1 Enantiomorphous crystals lack all elements of symmetry which would produce a right-handed arrangement from a left-handed one, and vice versa. Ibid., Enantiomorphism is an important property because of its connection with optical activity, and because of its occurrence in substances of great biological and technical importance. 1956Daily Tel. 6 Feb. 6/2 Guessing the time from enantiomorphic clock faces. 1964N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. iii. 30 Optical isomerism occurs whenever a molecule is not identical with its image as seen in a plane mirror; the two spatial arrangements (‘object’ and ‘image’) thereby give rise to two isomeric forms of the compound. These are known as enantiomorphic forms, enantiomorphs or antimers. 1965New Scientist 5 Aug. 352/3 The melting point attributed by your correspondent to the D form [of thalidomide] referred to a compound used in the synthesis of this enantiomorph. |