| 释义 |
tankard|ˈtæŋkəd|
Also 4–5 (8) tancard, 5–7 -kerd, 6 -(c)karde, -ckerd, Sc. -kert, 7 (9 Sc.) tanker.
[= MDu., Du. tanckaert = kitte, L. obba, cantharus (= sense 2 below), (Kilian); also F. tanquart, pl. tanquars (Rabelais). Ulterior history unknown: ? transposition of *kantar(d, cantharus.]
†1. A large open tub-like vessel, usually of wood hooped with iron, etc. (sometimes of leather); spec. such a vessel used for carrying water, etc.; often used to render L. amphora. Obs.
1310Acc. Exors. T. Bp. of Exeter (Camden) 10 De iijs. de xij tancardis ferro ligatis debilibus. 1341–2Ely Sacr. Rolls (1907) II. 118 In ligatura unius tankard cum ferro. 1352Acc. Excheq. Q.R. (Bundle 20 No. 27 Publ. Rec. Office), Pro quadam [sic] magno vase..vocato ‘tankard’. 1382Wyclif Zech. v. 6 This is an amfer [gloss or a vessel that sum men clepen a tankard] goynge out. c1440Promp. Parv. 486/2 Tankard, amphora. c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 771/31 Hec amphora, a tancard. 1551–2Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI, c. 15 §2 Such as make Males,..Leather Pottes, Tanckardes, Barehides or any other Wares of Leather. 1573–80Baret Alv. T 56 A Tankerd of nine gallons, amphora. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. xxi. (Roxb.) 253/2 He beareth Vert, a Dary womans Tankerds, or Milk Tankerds, or two Tankerds of Milk.
2. a. A drinking-vessel, formerly made of wooden staves and hooped; now esp. a tall one-handled jug or mug, usually of pewter, sometimes with a lid: used chiefly for drinking beer.
1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 51 Drynkyng bolles of tree..xx, Tankerdes..viij. 1495Ibid. 260 Tankardes of a galon apece. 1513Douglas æneis iii. viii. 30 A mekle tankert [L. magnum cratera] with wyne fillit to the throt. 1515Barclay Egloges iv. (1570) C vj/1 Talke he of tankarde, or of his boxe of tarre. 1530Palsgr. 279/1 Tankard a vessell, brocq, pot, broc. 1566Eng. Ch. Furniture (Peacock) 91 A penny tanckerd of wood. 1601F. Tate Househ. Ord. Edw. II, §47 (1876) 29 Thei shal wash the tankers, cups, and al manner of vessel which thei have custody of. 1710Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) III. 99 Charlett then order'd a Tankard of Ale to be fetch'd. 1819Wordsw. Waggoner ii. 58 What tankards foaming from the tap. What store of cakes in every lap. 1873‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 53, I have seen a good many of our people with their noses buried in the tankards.
b. transf. in cool tankard, q.v.
3. Applied to a sheep-bell, from its shape. dial.
1880R. Jefferies Gt. Estate vi. 123 ‘It's Johnson's flock; I know the tang of his tankards’. The flat-shaped bells hung on a sheep's neck are called tankards.
4. attrib. and Comb., as tankard-cup, tankard-lid; tankard-shaped adj.; tankard-turnip, a variety of turnip with a long tuber; † tankard-woman, a female tankard-bearer; † tankard-yeoman = tankard-bearer.
1729Swift Direct. Servants, Butler, When any one calls for ale..fill the largest *tancard cup topfull.
1642Milton Apol. Smect. Wks. 1851 III. 263 No marvell, if he brought us home nothing but a meer *tankard drollery.
1852J. Wiggins Embanking 85 Such sluices..have what are called *tankard-lid doors, working on a bar with rounded ends in a cheek, attached to each side of the sea end of the ‘gutter’, as it is there called.
1744W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. ii. 34, I saw a Farmer transplanting his biggest green *tankard Turneps. 1796W. Marshall Midland Counties II. Gloss., Tankard-turnep, the pudding, or longrooted turnep. 1828–32Webster, Tankard-turnep, a sort of turnep that stands high above the ground.
a1667Cowley Ess. in Verse & Pr., Of Obscurity, He had taken great pleasure in hearing of a *Tanker-woman [aquam ferens muliercula, Cicero Tusc. 5. 36. 105] say as he past, This is That Demosthenes.
1553Becon Reliques of Rome (1563) 52 That theyr Patrone was some good *tankerd yeoman. |