| 释义 |
emanation|ɛməˈneɪʃən|
[ad. L. ēmānātiōn-em, f. ēmānāre: see emanate v.]
I.
1. a. The process of flowing forth, issuing, or proceeding from anything as a source. lit. and fig. Often applied to the origination of created beings from God; chiefly with reference to the theories that regard either the universe as a whole, or the spiritual part of it, as deriving its existence from the essence of God, and not from an act of creation out of nothing. Also, in Theology, used to denote the ‘generation’ of the Son, and the ‘procession’ of the Holy Ghost, as distinguished from the origination of merely created beings.
1570Dee Math. Pref. 19 It concerneth all Creatures..by Emanation of beames perfourmed. 1647H. More Poems 279 Man's soul 's not by Creation..Wherefore let 't be by emanation. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. iv. 92 Those elicit motions..which..have their first emanation from nothing else but the soul itself. 1659Pearson Creed (1839) 223 Jesus Christ..by the right of emanation of all things from him..hath an absolute..dominion over all things as God. 1699Burnet 39 Art. ii. (1700) 43 Why the Emanation of the Son, and not that of the Holy Ghost likewise is called begetting. 1721–1800Bailey, Emanation (with Divines) is used to express the Proceeding of the Holy Ghost from the Father and the Son. 1880Macm. Mag. No. 246. 497 Its pantheistic doctrine of emanation.
b. The action of emitting, evolving, producing. Cf. emanate v. 4.
1742Young Nt. Th. ii. 203 The Dread Sire, on emanation bent..Call'd forth creation. 1822J. Imison Sc. & Art I. 431 The sun was long considered, from its constant emanation of heat..[a] globe of fire.
†c. Logical development from premises; inference. Cf. 3 b. Obs.
1628T. Spencer Logick 199 This truth is necessary by emanation, and consecution.
d. Math. The process of finding successive emanants.
1853J. J. Sylvester in Phil. Trans. CXLIII. 545 The process of emanation is one of incessant occurrence in the theory of invariants. 1856A. Cayley Math. Papers (1889) II. 321 The facients (X, Y,{ddd}) may be termed the facients of emanation, or simply the new facients.
II. concr. That which emanates; an efflux.
2. a. Something emitted or radiated by a material object; esp. applied to impalpable things, as light, a magnetic or electric effluvium, an odour, etc.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 86 Amulets doe worke by Aporrhoias, or emanations from their bodies. 1692Norris Curs. Refl. 24 Corporeal Emanations from sensible Objects. 1763Nat. Hist. in Ann. Reg. 70/2 Emanations of Vesuvius, especially the Lava. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. I. 191 The powerful emanations of the loadstone. 1836Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. v. 74 Gaseous emanations occasionally escape in places considerably remote from unextinguished volcanoes. 1871B. Stewart Heat §174 This heating emanation..we term radiant heat.
b. spec. A beam, flash, ray of light.
1699Garth Dispens. i. (1700) 3 Dart in emanations through the eyes. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil i. ix. (1840) 106 Over him..a bright emanation shone. 1855Bain Senses & Int. ii. ii. §11 (1864) 245 White emanations occurring on the retina together.
c. Chem. A radioactive gas produced by the radioactive decay of a solid; spec. any of the three gases radon, actinon, and thoron produced respectively by radium, actinium, and thorium (so radium etc. emanation); also used as a name for the element radon, of which these gases are now known to be isotopes.
1900Rutherford in Phil. Mag. XLIX. 1, I have found that thorium compounds continuously emit radio-active particles of some kind, which retain their radio-active powers for several minutes. This ‘emanation’, as it will be termed for shortness, has the power.. of passing through thin layers of metals. 1903,1907[see thorium]. 1906Rutherford Radioactive Transformations iii. 72 A large quantity of emanation was introduced into a glass tube..and the ionization due to the issuing rays was measured. 1927N. V. Sidgwick Electronic Theory Valency iii. 29 The names radon, thoron, and actinon are now accepted for the three isotopic emanations. It is desirable that there should be some name for element no. 86 irrespective of any particular isotope, and I have retained the name emanation (with the symbol Em) for this purpose. 1940Glasstone Physical Chem. ii. 125 The emanations, particularly that from actinium, lost their activity relatively rapidly. 1950― Sourcebk. Atomic Energy v. 116/2 The production of a gaseous emanation provides a convenient means of separating this radioactive species from those which precede it in the disintegration series. 1957Encycl. Brit. XVII. 882 B/1 There are six elements collectively known as the inert gases... Their atomic numbers and their names are: 2 Helium, 10 Neon, 18 Argon, 36 Krypton, 54 Xenon, 86 Emanation. 1964J. R. Partington Hist. Chem. IV. xxvii. 941 Some doubts about the existence of radium emanation were removed by Rutherford and Soddy, who liquefied it by cooling in liquid air.
3. transf. and fig.
a. Applied to immaterial things, moral and spiritual powers, virtues, qualities, emanating from or emitted by a source.
1577Dee Relat. Spir. i. (1659) 58 The Emanations from God, to, and into his Creatures..are established. 1656H. More Antid. Ath. (1712) Pref. 1 The easie Emanations of mine own Mind. a1698Temple Ess. Poetry Wks. 1731 I. 234 So is Prophecy the greatest Emanation of Divine Spirit in the World. 1775Johnson Tax. no Tyr. 25 From this all legal rights are emanations. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. iii. (1867) 56 Virtue and happiness are emanations of the divine blessedness and purity.
b. A necessary consequence or result.
1710Steele Tatler No. 74 ⁋11 The Emanation or Consequence of good and evil Actions. 1861Mill Utilit. v. 92 A direct emanation from the first principle of morals.
4. A person or thing produced by emanation from the Divine Essence.
1650R. Gell Serm. 12 She is the emanation of the power of God. 1658Sir T. Browne Gard. Cyrus 196 The whole Sephiroth, or divine emanations. 1777Priestley Matt. & Spir. (1782) I. vi. 71 Christ was..considered..a peculiar emanation of the divine essence. 1826Good Bk. Nat. (1834) I. 11 According to this hypothesis, the universe is an emanation..of the essence of the Creator. 1875Maine Hist. Inst. ii. 51 The first teacher..was a direct emanation from God. |