| 释义 |
tactics|ˈtæktɪks|
[pl. of tactic n.1, rendering mod.L. (17th c.) tactica pl., Gr. τὰ τακτικά, lit. ‘matters pertaining to arrangement’: see -ic2.]
1. a. The art or science of deploying military or naval forces in order of battle, and of performing warlike evolutions and manœuvres.
As an art or science often construed as sing.; as carried out in practice usually as pl.
1626Gouge Serm. Dignity Chivalry §4 Martiall discipline, Artillery tacticks, and Military trainings are matters of moment. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 31 Claudius ælianus..flourished not long after in the raigne of Trajan, unto whom he dedicated his Tacticks. 1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II, Tacticks, is the Art of Disposing any Number of Men into a proper form of Battle. 1782V. Knox Ess. I. xix. 94 Tactics and fortification..must be studied, as essentially necessary to the military and naval officer. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. i. iv. 190 Their tactics by sea was a sort of land engagement on deck. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. V. xxiii. 265 At Tinchebrai, though the chiefs are Norman, the tactics are English.
b. transf. and fig.
1763Sir W. Jones Caissa Wks. 1799 VI. 502 The chief art in the Tacticks of Chess consists in the nice conduct of the royal pawns. 1842Miall in Nonconf. II. 305 We have seen principle strangled by tactics so often. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits v. 83 In parliament, the tactics of the Opposition is to resist every step of the Government by a pitiless attack.
†2. Arrangement, disposition. Obs. rare—1.
1650Fuller Pisgah 392 So strange a posture, that scarcely either Jewish or Christian Tacticks of Temple-implements, will admit thereof.
3. Linguistics. C. F. Hockett's term for the study of the relation and arrangement of linguistic units, esp. the study of the arrangement of morphemes.
1947C. F. Hockett in Language XXIII. 274 We should therefore expect to find the following topics treated in his book..; (4) tactics—stating the arrangements of morphemes... This term seems simpler than ‘taxemics’ or ‘tagmemics’ which one might derive more directly from Bloomfield's labels. 1953F. G. Lounsbury in Yale Univ. Publ. in Anthropol. xlviii. 18 Statements describing the occurrences of morphemes constitute the portion of a grammar called tactics... Tactics is not concerned with the phonemic forms of morphemes, whether they are constant or variable. 1966S. M. Lamb Outl. Stratification Gram. 1 Each of these systems has its own syntax or tactics, so that a linguistic structure as a whole has a series of tactic components rather than just one. |