| 释义 |
elimination|ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃən|
[n. of action f. L. ēlīminare: see eliminate and -ation.]
†1.
a. The action of turning persons out of doors, or expelling them from their country; the fact of being thus expelled.
b. Divulgation of secrets (cf. eliminate v. 1 b.).
c. (See quot. 1809.)
1601Bp. W. Barlow Defense 175 Fabulous eliminations of hels secrets. 1624–47Bp. Hall Rem. Wks. (1660) 201 The Jews..after all their disgracefull eliminations. 1809Edin. Rev. XIV. Apr. 20 The process of excluding this proportion [of the French Legislative Assembly] is entitled elimination.
2. gen. Expulsion, casting out, getting rid of anything, whether material or immaterial.
1627Donne Serm. 221 This difference gives no occasion to an Elimination to an extermination of those books which we call Apocryphall. 1833Sir W. Hamilton in Edin. Rev. Apr. 205 An elimination of those less precise and appropriate significations, which, etc. 1862H. Spencer First Princ. i. i. §1 (1875) 4 The elimination of individual errors of thought. 1878A. Green Coal 171 The gradual elimination of the oxygen and the concentration of the carbon still go forward. 1883H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spir. W. i. (1884) 28 The elimination of mystery from the universe is the elimination of Religion.
3. Phys. The process of throwing off (effete and waste matter) from the tissues.
1855Bain Senses & Int. ii. i. §11 (1864) 94 The elimination of waste matter from the skin is promoted by exercise. 1877Rosenthal Muscles & Nerves 87 In the death-stiffening this elimination cannot occur.
b. transf. and fig.
1859Darwin Orig. Spec. xv. (1873) 405 This elimination of sterility apparently follows from the same cause. 1871― Desc. Man I. v. 172 Some elimination of the worst dispositions is always in progress. 1873H. Spencer Study Sociol. xiv. 346 That natural process of elimination by which society continually purifies itself.
4. Algebra. (See eliminate v. 5.)
1845Penny Cycl. 1st Suppl. I. s.v., As to equations which are not purely algebraical..we cannot..say that there is any organized method of elimination existing, except that of solution. 1881Burnside & Panton Theor. Equations xiii. (1866) 140 We now proceed to show how the elimination may be performed so as to obtain the quantity R.
¶5. catachr. The process of selecting and abstracting some special element; also, the process of disentangling an essential fact or principle from a mass of confused details. Cf. eliminate 6.
1869G. C. Wallich in Sci. Opin. 10 Feb. 271/2 The elimination from the surrounding waters of the elements entering into the composition of body-substance. 1850Maurice Mor. & Met. Philos. (ed. 2) I. 159 He [Plato] was not able to apply his dialectic to the elimination of this idea from the names or facts in which it was imbedded. 1854Faraday in Lect. on Educ. 68 [Hypotheses] of the utmost value in the elimination of truth. |